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英语四级短文翻译技巧英语四级短文翻译技巧「篇一」翻译的原则是“信”、“达”、“雅”三原则,但在四级考试中,对汉语没有很高的要求,所以我们只要做到“信”和“达”就可以了做英语四级翻译时,要翻译好长句,有的同学在考试时,看到长句就发懵,无从下手不知道该怎么办在解决长句翻译的时候,先找出主干结构,翻译好主干后,再翻译修饰部分,最后整合好按照正确语法顺序连在一起注意时态的转变和固定搭配这些细节性问题更是提分的关键,一定要选择正确的时态并随着时态修改动词、be动词的过去式、过去分词、进行时等等还有对固定搭配的运用,注意固定搭配中的介词的正确运用,是提分的重点英语四级短文翻译技巧「篇二」
1.增词为了充分传达原文含义,必须增补词语,以求达意北京是中国的政治、文化中心这里你可以游览万里长城、故宫、颐和园等beijing isa politicaland culturalcenter thatoffers somescenicattractions:the greatwall,the forbiddencity,the summerpalace etco我不觉得用英语与外国人交谈有什么困难,i don t thinkit difficultto speakto aforeigner inenglisho虚心使人进步,骄傲使人落后modesty helpsone togo forward,whereas conceitmakes onlag behindo
2.减词汉语喜欢重复,英语崇尚简洁汉语的重复作为一种修辞手段有两种作用一是为了强调,重复表达一个意思,或增添修饰语,加强语气二是为了便于词语搭配,或平衡节奏,增加可读性这些在汉语里习以为常的重复词语或句式,到了英语里要么不合逻辑,要么累赘冗长所以翻译时都要有所删减省略这是革命的春天,这是人民的春天,这是科学的春天!让我们张开双臂,热烈拥抱这个春天吧!let usstretch outour armsto embracethe spring,which isoneof therevolution,of the people,and ofscience见到自己的故乡,他想起了童年的情景他连续讲了两the sightof hisnative placecalled backhis childhood,小时的法语,没有出现任何错误he has been speakingin frenchfor twohours withoutany mistakeso长嗟短叹------sighing deeply发号施令一一-issue orders土崩瓦解------fall apart两面三刀------two-faced tactics
3.词类转换词类变形和转换,是英语语言的一个很重要的特点,尤其是名词、动词、形容词这三种最主要的词类.他的演讲给我们的印象很深eg(名词变动词)his speechimpressed usdeeply.你说他傻不傻?eg.(形容词变名词)dontyou thinkhe isan idiot英语四级段落翻译技巧
4.语态转换在英汉两种语言当中都有主动和被动两种语态在英语中被动语态的使用频率要远远高于汉语如果一味按照汉语原句的语态来翻译,会使译文显得十分别扭这个小男孩在放学回家的路上受了伤the littleboy washurt onhis wayhome fromschoolo门锁好了the doorhas beenlocked up新教材在印刷中new textbooksare beingprinted
5.分译合译(按内容层次分译)分译需要分译的句子多数是长句,或者是结构复杂的.复句这种句子如果译成一个长句,就会使译文冗长、累赘、意思表达不清楚,也不符合英文习惯如果采用分译,则会使译文简洁、易懂、层次分明少年是一去不复返的,等到精力衰竭时,要做学问也来不及了youth willsoon begone,never toreturn,and itwill betoo latefor youtogo intoscholarship whenin yourdeclining yearso她隔窗望去,突然发现有只小船停泊在河边,船里有位船夫睡得正香looking throughthe window,she suddenlyspotted aboat mooredto thebank,in itthere wasa boatmanfast asleep合译相较于汉语而言,英语长句多,因此在翻译中,要把汉语的两个或多个句子合译为英语的一句,使译文紧凑、简练对我来说,我的水族箱就像我自己的一个小王国我就是里面的国王to memyaquarium islike myown littlekingdom wherei amkingo第二天,我又接到一个电报这个电报有个字,比前一个电报说得更详细34the followingday ireceived anothertelegram consistingof34ciphers,giving moredetailso
6.正、反表达翻译汉语从反面表达,译文从正面表达
1.他提出的论据相当不充实the argumenthe putforward ispretty thin他七十岁了,可是并不显老he was70,but hecarried hisyears lightly
11.汉语从正面表达,译文从反面表达她来得正是时候she couldnt havecome ata bettertime对于汉译英,你越细心越好you cannever betoo carefulabout chinese-english translation12变序从译文的行文上考虑,有时需要对原文的词序作一番调整,以适应英文的修辞习惯,或者为了避免因结构而产生的歧义例到西安你可以买兵马俑、唐三彩unique localcreations areavailable inxi an,such asthe threecoloredglazed potteryof thetang dynastyand terra-cotta figureso(“兵马俑”和“唐三彩”在译文中变换了位置,是为了避免f thetang在结构上产生歧义)ndynasty英语四级短文翻译技巧「篇三」
1.改变词类Conversion英语一个词能充当的句子成分较少,充当不同成分时常常要改变词类Insulin isused inthe treatmentof diabetesoThisissue isof paramountimportanceoRationing bypoints isover andrationing by the purseis inOceanographyhas beendefined as“The applicationof allsciences tothestudy ofthe sea”.
1990.
12.选词用字Diction抗议一分Before Hugocould protest,he andthe otherswere ledaway.辩Put ateaspoonful oftea inthe potand thenyou justadd theboiling water稍等片刻再喝to itand letit stand.憾事It sa crimeyou didnt finishschool.
3.词序调整Inversion一个句子中词和分句的顺序,英汉两种语言往往不同如表示时间和地点,英语常常是先小后大,而汉语是先大后小His addressis3612Market Street,Philadelphia,PA19001,USADon,t hesitateto comewhen youneed helpoblackand whiteTV,iron andsteel company
4.省略OmissionYou cannotbuild aship,a bridgeor ahouse ifyou dont knowhow tomakea designor howto readitoIt tookhim along timeto reachthe bottomand tocouch behinda littledwarfpalm5,增词Amplification英语中没有量词,助词,翻译时应根据上下文的需要予以增加有些英语的不及物动词必须增加宾语意思才完整I couldknit whenI wasseven0In general,the“higher up“the consumertakes hisor hercomplaint,thefaster heor shecan expectit tobe settled.
1993.6--Walking pastthe Gardenof Eden,Adam sson askedhis father,“Whoowns thatlarge estate”u--That swhere yourmother andI usedto live,“replied Adam,beforeshe ateus outof houseand home.”
6.重复Repetition上游,Practically everyriver hasan upper,a middleand alower part.中游,下游If anatom containsthree protons,it musthave threeelectrons tobeelectrically neutralo
7.译反译法NegationThe Organizationhas not,so far,justified thehopes whichthepeople辜负set onit.Suddenly heheard asound behindhim,and realizedhe wasnot alonein还有别人the garage.If apatient atBeth Israelis notresponding totreatment,it isnotuncommon forhis nurseto proposeanother approachto hisdoctor.
1993.
18.译法Division英语长句多,为了符合汉语表达习惯,可将英语长句拆成短句It wasa realchallenge thatthose whohad learnedfrom usnow excelledusIthasbeenrightly statedthat thissituation isa threattointernational securityBecausethey trembleat thethought ofbeing seenin publicin clothesthatare outof fashion,they arealways takenadvantage ofbythedesignersand thebig stores.
1993.6Any studentwho isthought tohave brokenthe rules,for examplebycheating,has toappear beforea studentcourto。