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PPT coursewareformiddle schoolEnglishinfinitiv•The definitionand form ofinfinitivesCONTENTS•The grammaticalfunction ofinfinitives目录•The tenseand voice of infinitives•Omitting of infinitives•Special usage ofinfinitives•Analysis ofUncertain TrueQuestionsin theMiddle SchoolEntranceExaminationCHAPTER01The definitionand form ofinfinitivesDefinition ofinfinitiveInfinitive is the basicform of the verb,without anytense orvoicedistinctions.It is used asthe subjector objectof a clause,or asthecomplement of aclause.It is the uninflectedform of the verb,and itdoes notchange withperson,number,or gender.The form of infinitiveThe-ing infinitive is alsoThe infinitive form of averb is common,and it is used when theusuallyended with-to or-ing.subject performsthe actiondescribed by the verb.The-to infinitive isthemostcommon form,and itis used inmost cases.The negativeform ofinfinitiveThe negativeform ofIt is used to express negationFor example,I dontwant toinfinitive is formed by addingor denialof an action gomeans thatthe subjectnotor nobefore thedescribedbythe verb.does notwant togo.infinitive formof averb.CHAPTER02The grammaticalfunction ofinfinitivesAsthe subjectInfinitivescan be used asthesubject ofa sentence,replacing anoun phrase.For example,Tolearn English is important.This usageis common in writingandless commonin speech.As acomplementInfinitives canbe usedas acomplement tolink the subject andpredicate,similar to the useofanounphrase.Forexample,She likesto dance.This usageis morecommoninspeech thanin writing.As anadverbialInfinitives canbeusedas anadverbial tomodify the verb,similar tothe useof anadjectiveor adverb.For example,They wenttothepark toplay.This usageiscommonin bothspeech andwriting.CHAPTER03The tenseand voiceofinfinitivesInfinitive tensePresentinfinitiveThe basicformof the infinitive,without anytense suffixes,is to+verb.It isused to express actions or states thatare notyet completedor arehabitual.Past infinitiveThe past infinitive is formedby adding-edtothe endof the verb.It isused toexpressactions orstates thathave beencompleted in the past.Future infinitiveThefuture infinitiveis formedby adding to+verb+-ingtothe endof theverb.It isused toexpressactionsorstatesthat willoccur in the future.The infinitivevoiceActive voicePassive voiceTheactive voiceof the infinitiveisThe passivevoiceofthe infinitiveisformed by using thepresent orpast formedbyusing the tobe verbinfinitive formofthe verb.It VSfollowed bythe pastparticiple formemphasizesthe subjectperforming ofthe verb.It emphasizesthe actiontheaction,and itisthemost beingperformed on the subject,andcommon voiceusedin English.itisless commonin English.passive infinitive•The passiveinfinitiveisformedbyusingthepassive voiceofthe infinitive.It isusedwhenthesubjectof thesentenceis performingan actionthat isnot voluntaryorwhen theemphasis isontheaction itselfrather thanonthe personperforming it.CHAPTER04Omitting ofinfinitivesThe infinitiveof omittingto aftera modalverb01在情态动词后省略to的用法02在英语中,当情态动词(如can,may,must等)后跟动词原形时,通常省略to这种用法在语法上被称为不带to的不定式Omitting afterhad betterhad better后的省略规则hadbetter是一个常用的英语表达,表示建议或推荐当它后面跟动词原形时,通常省略toThe infinitiveof omittingto afterthe sensoryverb感官动词后的省略规则感官动词(如see,hear,feel等)后跟动词原形时,通常省略to这种用法在语法上被称为不带to的不定式The situationwhere verbsare usedin bothinfinitivesand gerunds动词在不定式和动名词形式中的使用情况在英语中,有些动词既可以作为不定式使用,也可以作为动名词使用在某些情况下,这两种形式可能具有不同的含义或用法CHAPTER05Special usageof infinitivesUsedin fixedcombinations01020304Infinitive used with Infinitive usedwith InfinitiveusedwithInfinitiveused withhavein the sense ofget inthe sense of makeinthesenseoftake inthesenseofto haveto getto maketo takeThe usageof expressing purposeor resultPurposeTheinfinitiveisused toexpress the purposeof anaction.For example,I wenttothe storeto buymilk.ResultThe infinitiveisused toexpresstheresult ofanaction.For example,He studiedhardand passedthe exam.Theusageofexpressingconditions orassumptionsConditionTheinfinitiveisusedtoexpressa condition.For example,If youwant to succeed,you mustworkhard.AssumptionThe infinitiveisusedtoexpressanassumption.For example,Assuming youwanttogo totheparty,we canleave at7:
00.CHAPTER06Analysis ofUncertain TrueQuestionsintheMiddleSchool EntranceExaminationAnalysis ofTrue QuestionTrue Question1Theinfinitiveofthe verb tobe inEnglish is_____.Answerto beExplanationTheinfinitiveformoftheverb tobe inEnglishistobe.It isthe baseformoftheverbwithout anysuffixesor prefixes.Analysis ofTrue QuestionTrueQuestion2Answer ExplanationWhichofthefollowing isNOT apainting Thecorrect answeris painting.present participleinEnglishThe givenoptions arepainting,running,swimming andwriting.While running,swimming andwriting arepresentparticiples,painting isnotbecause itdoes notend in-ing.Analysis ofTrueQuestionThreeTrue Question3:The pastparticiple oftheverbto runis_____.Answer:runExplanation:Thepastparticiple oftheverbto runis run.It isformed byadding-en totheinfinitiveformoftheverb.THANKS[感谢观看]。