还剩13页未读,继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
文本内容:
《高级财务会计学》课件PPT本课件将带您深入了解高级财务会计学的主要概念和原则,并介绍一些财务报表分析和财务决策的基本技巧Introduction toFinancialAccounting•What isfinancial accounting•Importance offinancial accountingin business•Basic principlesand conceptsPrinciplesof FinancialAccounting1Accrual vs.Cash Accounting2Revenue RecognitionDifferencebetween accrualand cashGuidelines forrecognizing revenuebasisaccounting3Matching Principle4MATERIALITYMatching expenseswith therevenue Determiningthe importanceandthey generatesignificance offinancial informationFinancialAccounting Cycle1Identifying TransactionsRecognizingand recordingbusiness transactions2Journal EntriesRecordingtransactions inthe generaljournal3Posting toLedgerTransferring journalentries to the generalledger4Trial BalanceVerifyingthe accuracy of therecorded transactions5AdjustmentsMaking necessaryadjustments atthe endof theaccounting periodBalanceSheetDefinition ComponentsAnalysisAn overviewof a•Assets Evaluatinga companyscompanysfinancial liquidity,solvency,and•Liabilitiesposition ata specificpoint financialhealth•Equityin timeIncomeStatementDefinition ComponentsImportanceAnalysis ofa companys•Revenue Assessingprofitability andrevenue,expenses,and netevaluating company•Expensesincome overa specificperformance•Net Incomeperiodof time.Statement ofCash Flows1Operating Activities2Investing ActivitiesCash flows fromday-to-day businessCashflowsfrom buyingor sellingassetsoperations3Financing Activities4ImportanceCash flowsfrom borrowing,repaying Understandingthe sourcesand usesofdebt,and issuingequity cashin abusinessRecording TransactionsDouble-Entry Debitsand CreditsT-AccountsBookkeepingUnderstanding therules Illustratingthe flowoffor debitingand creditingtransactions andtheirEvery transactionhasdifferent typesof accountsimpact on the accountingequaland oppositeeffectsequationon atleast twoaccountsChart ofAccountsDefinitionA listof allthe accountsused bya company to recordits financialtransactionsTypes ofAccounts•Assets•Liabilities•Equity•Revenue•ExpensesOrganizing AccountsGroupingaccounts basedon theirfinancial natureor purposePostingto GeneralLedger•Transferring journalentry informationto theappropriateaccounts inthe generalledger•Updating theaccount balancesfor eachtransaction•Maintaining theaccuracy andintegrity offinancial recordsAdjustingEntries1AccrualsRecognizing revenueor expensesbeforereceiving orpaying cashDeferrals2Recognizing revenueor expensesafterreceiving orpaying cash3DepreciationAllocating thecost oflong-termassets overtheir usefullivesInventory4Adjusting inventoryvalues toreflecttheir truemarket value5Prepaid ExpensesAllocatingexpenses thatare paidinadvanceDepreciation andAmortization1Depreciation2AmortizationSpreading thecost oflong-term assetsAllocating thecost ofintangible assetsoverseveral accountingperiods overtheir usefullives3Straight-Line Method4Accelerated MethodsEqualallocation ofcost overthe assetsHigher depreciationexpenses intheuseful lifeearly yearsof anassets lifeInventoryAccountingFirst-In,First-Last-In,First-WeightedOut FIFOOut LIFOAverage CostAssumingthe firstitems Assumingthe lastitems Calculatinginventory costpurchasedare thefirst purchasedare thefirst basedontheaverage costitemssold orused itemssold orused ofitems instockReceivables andPayables1Accounts Receivable2Accounts PayableTrackingmoney owedtothecompany Trackingmoney owedby thebyits customerscompanytoits suppliers3Bad Debt4Terms andConditionsWriting offuncollectible accountsNegotiating paymentterms andreceivableas anexpense discountswith customersandsuppliersBank Reconciliation•Comparing thecompanys recordswith thebank statement•Reconciling discrepanciesand adjustingthe companysrecordsaccordingly•Ensuring theaccuracyofcash balancesand transactions。