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新生儿的行为能从出生前得到哪些启示?——TED英语演讲稿我们在出生前学到了什么PossibleTEDSpeechTranscript:HelloeveryonetodayIdliketosharesomethoughtsonwhatwecanlearnfromthebehaviorsofnewbornsandhowtheseinsightscanbetracedbacktoourprenataldevelopment.Asweknownewbornsarequitedifferentfromadultsinmanyaspects:theycanttalktheycantmovemuchtheycantcontroltheirsensesandemotionsverywell.Howevertheyalsoexhibitsomeremarkableabilitiesthatarerareorabsentinadultssuchasrapidlearninghighsensitivitytofacesandvoicesandapredispositiontointeractwithothers.SowheredotheseabilitiescomefromAretheyjusttheresultofsomemagicaltransformationthathappensatbirthActuallyresearchhasshownthatmanyofthemcanbetracedbacktotheintrauterineenvironmentwherethefetusisexposedtoavarietyofstimulithatshapeitsbrainandbodydevelopment.Forexampleoneoftheearliestskillsthatnewbornsdemonstrateistheabilitytorecognizeandprefertheirmothersvoiceandscentoverothers.Thisisnotacoincidencebutareflectionofthefactthatthefetushasbeenhearingandsmellingthemotherssignalsformonthsandhasdevelopedakindoffamiliarityandattachmenttothem.Likewisenewbornsarealsoverysensitivetohumanfacesespeciallythosewithbigeyesroundcheeksandsymmetricfeatures.Thisisbecausethefetushasbeenexposedtotheoutlinesandcontoursofthemothersfaceandotherfacesinthesurroundingandhasdevelopedaspecializedneuralnetworktoanalyzeandmemorizethem.Moreovernewbornsareabletoimitatesomebasicfacialexpressionsandgesturessuchastongueprotrusionandfingermovementswithinhoursofbirth.Thisisnotacoincidenceeitherbutareflectionofthefactthatthefetushasbeenpracticingandrehearsingthesemovementsinthewombandhasdevelopedareadinesstoperformthemagainwhenneeded.Besidestheseinnateabilitiesnewbornsalsodisplayaremarkablecapacityforlearningandadaptingtothenewenvironment.Forexamplenewbornscanlearntoassociateacertainsoundorshapewitharewardorapunishmentevenifitspresentedonlyafewtimes.Thissuggeststhatthefetushasbeenexposedtoavarietyofstimulithatprepareitforthechallengesoftheoutsideworldandhasdevelopedalearningsystemthatcanoperatequicklyandefficiently.Moreovernewbornsalsoshowahighdegreeofsocialresponsivenessandinteractionsuchasgazingsmilingandvocalizingwithcaregivers.Thisisnotacoincidenceeitherbutareflectionofthefactthatthefetushasbeenexposedtothemothersandotherpeoplesvoicesfacesandmovementsandhasdevelopedareadinesstoengageandcommunicatewiththem.SowhatcanwelearnfromtheseobservationsIthinkthereareseveralimplicationsforusasparentseducatorsandresearchers.Firstlyweneedtorecognizethatnewbornsarenotblankslatesbuthaveundergonealongprocessofpre-andpost-nataldevelopmentthathaspreparedthemforlife.Thereforeweshouldprovidethemwitharichvariedandstimulatingenvironmentthatmatchestheirinnateabilitiesandpreferencesandallowsthemtoexploreandlearnattheirownpace.Secondlyweneedtoappreciatetheimportanceofhumanrelationshipsandinteractionsinshapingthenewbornsbrainandbehavior.Thereforeweshouldprovidethemwithawarmresponsiveandsupportivecaregivingenvironmentthatfosterstheirsocialandemotionaldevelopmentandhelpsthembuildasenseoftrustandsecurity.Thirdlyweneedtorecognizethateachnewbornisuniqueandhasitsownsetofstrengthsandchallenges.Thereforeweshouldobserveandrespecttheirindividualdifferencesandprovidethemwithtailoredinterventionsandsupportthataddresstheirspecificneedsandinterests.InconclusionIbelievethatnewbornsarenotonlyadorableandfascinatingcreaturesbutalsoasourceofinspirationandinsightforusashumanbeings.Byunderstandingtheirbehaviorsandabilitiesandtracingthembacktotheirprenataloriginswecangainadeeperappreciationforthecomplexityandbeautyoflifeandagreatercommitmenttonurtureandprotectourmostvulnerableandpreciousbeings.Thankyou.第PAGE页共NUMPAGES页。