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一、词汇选项（共15®共
15.0分）下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线局部意义最相近的词或短语答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上Theyvotedtoabolishtheofficeofsecondvice-president.•[A]decorate[B]create[C]improve[D]eliminateEleanorRoosevelt*sdedicationtohumanitariancauseswonheraffectionandhonorathomeandabroad.•[A]ontheair[B]henceforth[C]nearby[D]inforeigncountriesChoreographerTwylaTharpusesfamiliardancemovementsinoriginalwaystocreateworksfilledwithclevergesturesandabruptchangesinmotionandmood.•[A]graceful[B]creative[C]sudden[D]dramaticRedgiantstarsdonotbecomewhitedwarfstarsabruptly;theprocesstakesmorethanfifteenhundredyears.•[A]sudden1y[B]inunison[C]premature!y[D]accidentallyAlthoughSouthCarolina*smineralresourcesareabundantnotallofthemcanbeminedlucratively.•[A]molten[B]plentiful[C]diverse[D]preciousThemostfamousShoshoneIndianwasSacagawea-thewomanwhoaccompaniedLewisandClarkontheirexplorationoftheupperMissouriRiver.•[A]traveledwith[B]arguedwith[C]defended[D]avoidedItisnowgenerallyassumedthattheplanetswereformedbytheaccreiionofgasanddustinacosmiccloud.[A]separation[B]reaction[C]accumulation[D]motionMcQuade.Swimmerswhothenstayimmobi1eonthepoolbottomfor5secondsormoreareconsideredindangerofdrowning.Poseidondouble-checksthattheimagereallyisofaswimmernotashadowbyseeingwhetheritobscuresthepool*sfloortexturewhenviewedfromoverhead.Ifsoitalertsthelifeguardshowingtheswimmerslocationonapoolsidescreen.Thefirstfull-scalePoseidonsystemwillbeofficiallyopenednextweekatapoolinHighWycombe.Buckinghamshire.OnemanwhoisimpressedwiththeideaisTravorBaylisinventoroftheclockworkradio.Baylisrunsacompanythatinstallsswimmingpools-andhewasonceanunderwaterescapologistwithacircus.Isayfullmarkstothemifthisworksandcansaveliveswhesays.Butheaddsthatanylocalauthorityspending£30000-plusonaPoseidonsystemoughttobeinvestingsimilaramountsinteachingchildrentoswim.AImeansthesameas.[A]animage[B]anidea[C]anyoneinthewater[D]artificialintelligenceWhatisrequiredofAIsoftwaretosavea1ife[A]Itmustbeabletoswim.[B]Itmustkeepweilkingroundthepool.[C]Itcandistinguishbetweenaswimmerandashadow.[D]Itcansavealifewithinafewmonths.HowdoesPoseidonsavea1ife[A]Heplungesintothepool.[B]Italertsthe1ifeguard.[C]Hecriesforhelp.[D]Itrushestothepool.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutTrevorbaylisisNOTtrue[A]Heruns.[B]Heinventedtheclockworkradio.[C]Hewasonceanentertainer.[D]Herunsacompany.Theword“considered“inparagraph5couldbebestreplacedby_.[A]thought[B]rated[C]regarded[D]believedComputersTheinitialimpactofcomputerswasintheareaofentertainment.Ifyouwalkedbyavideoarcadeintheearly1980syoucouldnothavefailedtonoticethattheuseofvideogameswasgrowingatwhatsomeconsideredanalarmingrate.In1981themovieindustrygrossed$3billionvideogamestookinanestimated$6billion.Thatgivesyousomeideaofjusthowbigthecomputerindustryhadbecome.Videogamesemploythesametechnologyaspersonalcomputersandindeedmanywhoboughtpersonalcomputersdidsoprimarilyforplayinggamesathomethussavingtheirquarters.ThoughvideogamesarenotaspopularastheywereafewyearsagotheydidprovideconsumerwiththeirfirstrealreasontobuyPCs.AmorerecentcomputerinnovationdesktoppublishingsuppliesonegoodreasonforthosewhowriteforalivingtobuyaPC.Desktoppublishingisadeceptivelysimpledescriptionforanextremelycomplexgroupofhardwareandsoftwaretools.Youcannowwritetextedittextdrawillustrationsincorporatephotographsdesignpagelayoutsandprintafinisheddocumentwitharelativelyinexpensivecomputerandlaserprinter.Althoughthenewtechnologyoffersnewfreedomthereisapricetobepaidforthisfreedom.Withtotalcontrolcomestotalresponsibi1ity.Infacttheissueofsocialresponsibilityinournewcomputeragehaslongbeenatopicofdebateamongcomputerenthusiasts.Somepeopleareconcernedwiththelong-termsocialeffectsoftheso-calledcomputerrevolution.IronicallymanyPCpioneerswhobuiltandmarketedthefirstmachineswere60s-styleadvocatesofsocialchange.Theyclaimthatwhilepersonalcomputertechnologyhasthepotentialtomakesocietymoreequalitshavingtheoppositeeffectsinceupper-middle-classpeoplecanaffordthemandlowerclasspeoplecannot.Tnadditionthewaysthatcomputersareusedtomonitortheactivitiesoftheirusershaveevokedanxietyaboutthemachine.Over7millionAmericansnowhavetheirworkpacedcontrolledandmonitoredbycomputers.Acomputerismorerestrictiveandpowerfulinthewayitcontrolspeoplethantheold-fashionedassemblyline.Thiscanleadtowhatsomehavecalledutech-stress/.Irritatedeyesbackproblemsandotherphysicalsymptomshavealsobeenassociatedwiththeextensiveuseofcomputers.Althoughthepersonalcomputermaynothavehadtheimpactsomepredictedadecadeagethecombinationofcomputertechnologywithsatellitesandcabledoespromiseinnovationsinthemassmediathatwouldhaveseemedastonishingjustafewshortyearsago.ThedramaticgrowthofthebusinessdealinginvideogamesistheresulIofthedevelopmentofcomputerindustrythedevelopmentofwirelesstechnologythedeclineinmovieindustrythedepressionintheentertainmentbusinessfirstmotivationinbuyingpersonalcomputeristoplayvideogamesmakewritingeasierforthemselvesfacilitatetheirentranceintothestockmarkettransmitprintedinformationWhatfstheadvantagethatdesktoppublishingbringspeople[A]Itmakeshomebankingareality.[B]Itprovidesamethodforproducingprofessional-lookingdocuments.[C]Itmakesitpossibleforpeopletoreceivenewspaperelectronically.[D]Itmakesitpossibleforpeopletobringofficeworktohome.Inthelongrunthesocialeffectofcomputersisthat.[A]itcontrolspeopleslife[B]itbringsaboutamoreequalsociety[C]itmightlengthenthedisteincebetweenupper-midd1e-classpeopleandlower-classpeople[D]itleadstoaprofoundchangeinthemassmediaAccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingistrue[A]Computermaycausehealthproblemsforitsusers.[B]Computerhasledtoarevolutionineveryaspectofpeople*slife.[C]Computerisfinanciallywithinthereachformostconsumers.[D]Theinfluenceofcomputerhasonpeopleslifeisnotasgreataspeoplehavepredicted.
五、补全短文共5题，共
10.0分阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上TheImportanceofAgricultureinChinaThedevelopmentofagricultureandthebalancebetweenfoodandpopulationareChinasfundamentaleconomicproblems.TheclassicalhistoriespraiseemperorsfordevotiontoagricultureandmuchofChinasmodernhistoryis46whichhasbeengrowingsteadily.TodayalthoughagricultureaccountsforonlyaquarteroftheGrossNationalProductitissti11themaindeterminantofthestandardoflivingandtheprincipaloccupationofatleast70percentofthepopulation.Agriculturealso47becauseindustryneedsbothagriculturalrawmaterialsandfoodforitsworkforce.Thefailureofagriculturetosupplyrawmaterialsandfoodhaltedandlaterreversedtheindustrialprogressofthe1950s.After1960newemphasiswasplacedonagricultureandthesloganAgricultureisthefoundationoftheeconomyhasremainedacentralChineseeconomicpolicyeversince.48thereisanindirectlinkduetotherelationshipbetweenagricultureandforeigntrade.ManyofChinasexportsare49orconsumergoodsbasedonthem.Flourishingagriculturethereforepromotesexports.Italsoreducestheneedtospendforeignexchangeonimportsofgrainandcottontherefore
50.[A]determinestheprogressofindustry[B]thestoryoftheunfoldingstruggletofeedapeasantpopulation[C]eitheragriculturalrawmaterials[D]enlargingthecapacityoftheeconomytoimportmachineryandcommodiIiesforindustry[E]Inadditiontothedirectlinksbetweenagricultureandindustry[F]thuspromotingbothimportandexport
六、完形填空共15题，共
15.0分阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最正确答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上SharksPerformaServiceforEarthsWatersItishardtogetpeopletothinkofsharksasanythingbutadeadlyenemy.Theyarethoughtto51peoplefrequently.Butthesefishperforma52serviceforearth，swatersandforhumanbeings.Yetbusinessandsportfishingarethreateningtheir
53.Somesharksareatriskofdisappearingfrom
54.Warmweathermayinfluencebothfishandsharkactivity.Manyfishswimnearcoastalareas55theirwarmwaters.Expertssaysharksmayfollowthefishintothesameareas56peoplealsoswim.Tnfactmostsharksdonotpurposelychargeatorbitehumans.Theyarethoughttomistakeaperson57aseaanimalsuchasasealorsealion.Thatiswhypeopleshouldnotswimintheoceanwhenthesungoesdownorcomesup.Thosearethe58whensharksarelookingforfood.Expertsalsosaythatbrightcolorsandshinyjewelrymaycausesharkstoattack.Asharkhasanextremelygoodsenseofsmell.Itcanfindsmallamountsofsubstancesinwatersuchasbloodbody1iquidsand59producedbyanimals.Thesepowerful60helpsharksfindtheirfood.Sharkseatfishany61sharksandplantsthatliveintheocean.Medicalresearcherswanttolearnmoreabouttheshark*sbodydefenseandimmune62againstdisease.Researchersknowthatsharks63quicklyfrominjuries.Theystudythesharkinhopesoffindingawaytofighthumandisease.Sharksareimportantfortheworld，s
64.Theyeatinjuredanddiseasedfish.Theirhuntingactivitiesmeanthatthenumbersofotherfishinoceanwatersdonotbecometoo65Thisprotectstheplantsandotherformsoflifethatexistintheoceans.[A]attack[B]meet[C]love[D]visit[A]terrible[B]eatable[C]valuable[D]possible[A]source[B]existence[C]friends[D]fish[A]Space[B]Sky[C]Land[D]Earth[A]because[B]since[C]becauseof[D]byreasonthat[A]whose[B]which[C]that[D]where[A]to[B]for[C]like[D]with[A]times[B]p1aces[C]seas[D]oceans[A]sciences[B]mathematics[C]chcmicals[D]physics[A]feelings[B]senses[C]touches[D]tastes[A]those[B]these[C]another[D]other[A]systems[B]processes[C]ideas[D]circles[A]recover[B]reform[C]return[D]rely[A]rivers[B]oceans[C]forests[D]mountains[A]weak[B]little[C]few[D]greatWhiletheywereawayonvacationtheyallowedtheirmailtoaccumulateatthepostoffice.•[A]bedelivered[B]pileup[C]getlost[D]bereturnedIftheweathermanhaspredictedaccuratelytomorrowwi11beaperfectdayforourpicnic.•[A]astutely[B]correctly[C]carefully[D]acutelyUsuallyinanattackofinfluenzathepatientslimbsache.•[A]hurt[B]soften[C]getnumb[D]gethotAsaquaticplantsmovedmillionsofyearsagofromtheoceantothelandtheyunderwentanumberofadaptations.•[A]mishaps[B]expansions[C]setbacks[D]modificationsOneofCaliforniasgreatestproblemsisprovidingadequatewatertomeettheneedsofitsexpandingpopulation.•[A]sufficient[B]palatable[C]suitable[D]unpollutedWeedkillersmustbechosenandappliedwithgreatcaretoavoiddamagetoadjacenttreesandshrubs.•[A]indigcnous[B]nearby[C]perennial[D]similarElevenstatesincludingtheadjoiningstatesofNorthandSouthCarolinasecededfromtheUnitedStatesintheI860*sandformedasouthernconfederacy.•[A]separated[B]neighboring©colonial[D]competingTadmirehiswork.•[A]recognize[B]exploit[C]to1erate[D]esteem
二、阅读判断共7题，共
7.0分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑MotherNatureShowsHerStrengthTornadoes（龙卷风）andheavythunderstormsmovedacrosstheGreatLakesandintoTrumbullCountyonSaturdayevening.Thestormsweredramaticanddangerous.GeorgeSnyderwasdrivingthefiretruckdownRoute88whenhefirstnoticedthatafunnel（漏斗状的）cloudwasbehindhim.Istoppedthetruckandwatchedthefunnelcloud.Itwasabout100feetoffthegroundandIsawitgoupanddownforawhile.ItwasmovingtowardBradleyRoadandthensuddenlyitdisappearedSnydersaid.SnyderonlysawoneofthefunnelcloudsthatpassedthroughnortheasternOhioonSaturday.InTrumbullCountyatornadoturnedtreesontotheirsides.Sometreesfel1ontohousesandcars.Othertreesfellintotelephoneandelectricalwiresastheywentdown.AmandaSymchcckwashavingapartywhenthestormbegan.Iknewsomethingwaswrong“shesaid.Isawtheskygogreenandpink（粉红色）.Thenitsoundedlikeatrainrushingtowardthehouse.Istartedcryingandtoldeveryonetogotothebasementforprotection.Thetornadocausedalotofdamagetocarsandhousesinthearea.Itwi11takealongtimeandmuchmoneytorepaireverything.Therewasalsoseriouswaterdamagefromthethunderstorms.Theheavyrainsandhighwindcausedthepowertogooutinmanyhomes.Thestormscausedseriousfloodinginareasneartheriver.MorethanfourinchesofrainfellinpartsofTrumbullCounty.Theriverwassohighthatthewaterranintostreetsandhouses.Manystreetshadtobeclosedtocarsandtrucksbecauseofthehighwater.Thismadeitdifficultforfiretruckspolicecarsandotherrescuevehiclestohelppeoplewhowereintrouble.Manypeoplewho1iveneartheriverhadtoleavetheirhomesfortheirownsafety.Somepeoplereportedfivefeetofwaterintheirhomes.Localandstateofficialsopenedemergencysheltersforthepeoplewhowereevacuated（撤走）.TheRedCrossservedmealstothem.“ThiswasareallyintensestormsaidSnyderuPeoplewereafraid.MotherNaturecanbefierce.Wewereluckythistime.Noonewaskilled.fTheweatherwasniceinTrumbullCountyonSaturdayevening.•[A]Right[B]Wrong[C]NotmentionedGeorgeSnyderwasafirefighter.•[A]Right[B]Wrong[C]NotmentionedAmandaSymcheckwashavingapartyinthebasementwhenthestormbegan.•[A]Right[B]Wrong[C]NotmentionedPowersupplysystemwasnotdamagedduringthestorm.•[A]Right[B]Wrong[C]NotmentionedTherehadnotbeensuchaseverestorminTrumbullCountyforahundredyears.•[A]Right[B]Wrong[C]NotmentionedRescuevehicleshadahardtimegettingtopeople.•[A]Right[B]Wrong[C]NotmentionedSeveralpeopleweremissingduringthestorm.[A]Right[B]Wrong[C]Notmentioned
三、概括大意与完成句子（共8题，共
8.0分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务
（1）第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1〜4段每段选择1个正确的小标题；
（2）第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上EarthAngelsJoyingBresciawas8yearsoldwhenshenoticedthatcigarettebutts（烟头）werelitteringherhometownbeachinIsleofPalmsSouthCarolina.Whenshelearnedthatittakesfiveyearsfortheremainsofacigarettetodisintegrateshedecidedtotakeaction.Joyinglauncheda“NoButtsontheBeachcampaign.Sheraisedmoneyandawarenessabouttheneedtokeepthebeachesclean.WiththehelpofothersJoyingalsoboughtorreceiveddonationsofgallon-sizeplasticice-creambuckets.Thebucketswerefilledwithsandandplacedatallpublic-accessareasofthebeach.Thebucketsallowedpeopletodisposeoftheircigarettesbeforehittingthebeach.TwoyearslaterJoyingsaysthebucketsarefullandthebeachinnearlyfreeofcigarettedebris（残片）.PeoplewholiveinorvisitSteamboatSpringsColoradohaveCarterDunhamtothankforanewstatewildliferefugethatpreserves20acresofmarshlandandmanyspeciesofwildlife.CarterandotherstudentswroteamanagementplanfortheareaaroundtheYampaRiver.TheplanwaspartofaclassprojectwhenCarterwasafreshmanatSteamboatSpringsHighSchool.WorkingwiththeColoradoDivisionofWildlifeCarterandhisclassmatesmappedtheareaandspeciesofanimalslivingthere.Theyalsomadedecisionsaboutamongotherthingswherefencesandparkingareasshouldbebuilt.BarbaraBrownandherfriendscollectoil.Itstartedasaprojectfortheir4HClubafteroneofthegirlsnoticedherfatherusingmotoroiltokillweedsontheirfarminVictoriaTexas.Theydidsomeresearchanddiscoveredthatoilcancontaminategroundwater-arealdangerinruralareaswherepeopleliveoffthewaterontheirland.Thegirlsresearchedwaystorecycleoilandworkedwithalocaloil-recyclingcompanyontheissue.NowtheDontBeCrudeprogramrunsoil-collectionsites-tanksthatholdupto460gallons-wherepeopleinthecomnmnitycandisposeoftheiroil.Fiveyearsago11-year-oldRyanHrelJacwasalittleboywithabigdrcam:forallthepeopleinAfricatohavecleandrinkingwater.Hisdreambeganinthefirstgradewhenhelearnedthatpeopleweredyingbecausetheydidnthavecleanwaterandthataslittleas$70couldbuildawell.WereallytakewaterforgrantedsaysRyanofKemptvilleOntarioinCanada.Inothercountriesyouhavetoplanforit.〃Ryanearnedthefirst$70bydoingextrachores（零工），butwiththehelpofothershehassinceraisedhundredsofthousandsofdollars.HiseffortsledtothestartoftheRyansWei1FoundationwhichraisesmoneyforcleanwaterandhealthrelatedservicesforpeopleinAfricancountriesanddevelopingcountries.Paragraph1Paragraph2Paragraph3Paragraph4[A]ProvideCleanWater[B]DigOilWells[C]SaveCleanWater[D]DontLitter[E]DontBeCrude[F]ProtectWildlifeJoyingplacedthebucketsatallpublic-accessareasto.PeoplearegratefultoCarterDunhamforhiseffortsto.Disposedoi1andmanyotheritemscanbereusedto.RyanwiththehelpofothersisfulfillinghisdreamofhelpAfricanpeopleto[A]makenewmaterials[B]preservewetlandandanimals[C]havecleanair[D]havecleanwater[E]collectcigarettebutts[F]collectdisposedoil
四、阅读理解共15题，共
45.分下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文答复其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最正确答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上ResearchersDiscoverWhyHumansBeganWalkingUprightMostofuswalkandcarryitemsinourhandseveryday.Theseareseeminglysimpleactivitiesthatthemajorityofusdontquestion.ButaninternationalteamofresearchersincludingDr.RichmondfromGWsColumbianCollegeofArtsandScienceshavediscoveredthathumanwalkinguprightmayhaveoriginatedmillionsofyearsagoasanadaptationtocarryingscarcehigh-qualityresources.TheteamofresearchersfromtheU.S.EnglandJapanandPortugalinvestigatedthebehaviorofmodern-daychimpanzeesastheycompetedforfoodresourcesinanefforttounderstandwhatecologicalsettingswouldleadalargeape一onethatresemblesthe6million-yearoldancestorwesharedincommonwithlivingchimpanzees-towalkontwolegs.“Thesechimpanzeesprovideamodeloftheecologicalconditionsunderwhichourearliestancestorsmighthavebegunwalkingontwolegs〃saidDr.Richmond.Theresearchfindingssuggestthatchimpanzeesswitchtomovingontwolimbsinsteadoffourinsituationswheretheyneedtomonopolizearesource.Standingontwolegsallowsthemtocarrymuchmoreatonetimebecauseitfreesuptheirhands.Overtimeintenseburstsofbipedalactivitymayhaveledtoanatomicalchangesthatinturnbecamethesubjectofnaturalselectionwherecompetitionforfoodorotherresourceswasstrong.TwostudieswereconductedbytheteaminGuinea.ThefirststudywasconductedbytheteaminKyotoUniversitysoutdoorlaboratory”inanaturalclearinginBossouForest.Researchersallowedthewildchimpanzeesaccesstodifferentcombinationsoftwodifferenttypesofnut-theoilpalmnutwhichisnaturallywidelyavailableandthecoulanutwhichisnot.Thechimpanzeesbehaviorwasmonitoredinthreesituations:awhenonlyoilpalmnutswereavailablebwhenasmallnumberofcoulanutswereavailableandcwhencoulanutswerethemajorityavailableresource.Whentherarecoulanutswereavailableonlyinsmallnumbersthechimpanzeestransportedmoreatonetime.Similarlywhencoulanutswerethemajorityresourcethechimpanzeesignoredtheoilpalmnutsaltogether.Thechimpanzeesregardedthecoulanutsasamorehighly-prizedresourceandcompetedforthemmoreintensely.Insuchhigh-competitionsettingsthefrequencyofcasesinwhichthechimpanzeesstartedmovingontwolegsincreasedbyafactoroffour.Notonlywasitobviousthatbipedalmovementallowedthemtocarrymoreofthispreciousresourcebutalsothattheywereactivelytryingtomoveasmuchastheycouldinonegobyusingeverythingavailable-eventheirmouths.ThesecondstudybyKimberleyHockingsofOxfordBrookesUniversitywasa14-monthstudyofBossouchimpanzeescrop-raidingasituationinwhichtheyhavetocompeteforrareandunpredictableresources.Here35percentofthechimpanzeesactivityinvolvedsomesortofbipedalmovementandonceagainthisbehaviorappearedtobelinkedtoaclearattempttocarryasmuchaspossibleatonetime.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs[A]Manypeoplequestionthesimp1ehumanactivitiesofwalkingandcarryingitems.[B]Chimpanzeesbehaviorsmaysuggestwhyhumanswalkontwolegs.[C]Humanwalkinguprightisviewedasanadaptationtocarryingpreciousresources.[D]Ourancestorsyecologicalconditionsresembledthoseofmodern-daychimpanzees.Dr.Richmondconductedtheexperimentwiththepurposeoffinding[A]whenhumansbeganwalkingontwolegs.[B]whatmadeourancestorswalkupright[C]whatbenefitswalkinguprightbroughttoourancestors.[D]howwalkinguprighthelpedchimpanzeesmonopolizeresources.KyotoUniversitysstudydiscoveredthatchimpanzees[A]regardedbothtypesofnutaspricedresources.[B]preferredoilpalmnutstocoulanuts.[C]likedcoulanutsbetterthanoilpalmnuts.[D]ignoredbothtypesofnutaltogether.WhydidthechimpanzeeswalkontwolimbsduringKyotoUniversitysexperiment[A]Becausetheyimitatedthehumanwayofwalkingjustforfun.[B]Becausetheywantedtopleasetheresearcherstogetmorecoulanutsfromthem.[C]Becausetheywantedtogettothenut-richforestfasterbywalkingthatway.[D]Becausetheywantedtocarrymorenutswithtwofreelimbs.Whatcanweinferfromthereadingpassage•[A]Chimpanzeesareinthesameprocessofevolutionasourancestorswere.Chimpanzeesaresimilartohumansinmanybehaviors.Walkingontwolimbsandwalkingonfour1imbseachhavetheiradvantages.Humanweilkingontwolegsdevelopedasameansofsurvival.PoolWatchSwimmerscandrowninbusyswimmingpoolswhenlifeguardsfailtonoticethattheyareintrouble.TheRoyalSocietyforthePreventionofAccidentssaysthatonaverage15peopledrowninBritishpoolseachyearbutmanymoresuffermajorinjuryaftergettingintodifficulties.NowaFrenchcompanyhasdevelopedanartificialintelligencesystemcalledPoseidonthatsoundsthealarmwhenitseessomeoneindangerofdrowning.Whenaswimmersinkstowardsthebottomofthepoolthenewsystemsendsanalarmsignaltoapoolsidemonitoringstationandalifeguardspaper.IntrialsatapoolinAncenisnearNantesitsavedalifewithinjustafewmonthssaysAlistairMeQuadeaspokesmanforitsmakerPoseidonTechnologies.Poseidonkeepswatchthroughanetworkofunderwaterandoverheardvideocameras.AIsoftwareanalysestheimagestoworkoutswimmerstrajectories.Todothisreliablyithastotellthedifferencebetweenaswimmerandtheshadowofsomeonebeingcastontothebottomorsideofthepool.Theunderwaterenvironmentisaverydynamiconewithmanyshadowsandreflectionsdancingaround.z，SaysMcQuade.Thesoftwaredoesthisby“projecting“ashapeinitsfieldofviewontoanimageofthefarwal1ofthepool.Itdoesthesamewithanimagefromanothercameraviewingtheshapefromadifferentangle.Ifthetwoprojectionsareinthesamepositiontheshapeisidentifiedasashadowandisignored.Butiftheyaredifferenttheshapeisaswimmerandsothesystemfollowsitstrajectory.TopickoutpotentialdrowningvictimsanyoneinthewaterwhostartstodescendslowlyisaddedtothesoftwareJsapre-alertzlistsays。
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