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2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读附答案Beinghighlyconnectedtoastrongsocialnetworkhasitsbenefits.Nowanewstudyisshowingthesamegoesfortreesthankstotheirundergroundneighbors.Thestudyisthefirsttoshowthatthegrowthofadulttreesislinkedtotheirparticipationinfungalnetworkslivingintheforestsoil.Thoughpastresearchhasfocusedonyoungtreesthesefindingsgivenewinsightintothesignificanceoffungalnetworkstooldertrees一whicharemoreenvironmentallybeneficialforfunctionslikecapturingcarbon.LargetreesmakeupthemainpartoftheforestsotheydrivewhattheforestisdoingsaidresearcherJosephBirchwholedthestudy.Whentheyliveintheforestsoilfungalnetworksactasasortofhighwayallowingwaternutrientsandcompoundstoflowbackandforthamongthetrees.Thenetworkalsohelpsnutrientsflowtoresource-limitedtreeslikefamilyunitsthatsupportoneanotherintimesofstress.Corestakenfrom350Douglasfirs(花旗松)showedthatannualtreeringgrowthwasrelatedtotheextentoffungalconnectionsatreehadwithothertrees.Theyhadmuchhighergrowththanthosethathadonlyafewconnections.Theresearchalsoshowedthattreeswithmoreconnectionstomanyuniquefungihadmuchgreatergrowththanthosewithonlyoneortwoconnections.〃Ifyouhavethisnetworkthatishelpingtreesgrowfasterthathelpscapturemorecarbonyearafteryear.Thesenetworksmayhelptreesgrowmoresteadilyevenasconditionsbecomemorestressfulandcouldevenhelpprotectthemagainstdeath/saidBirch.Birchhopeshisfindingsleadtofurtherstudiesindifferentkindsofforestsinothergeographicalareasbecauseitslikelythattheconnectionsamongtreeschangefromyeartoyear.Hesaid“Knowingwhetherfungalnetworksareoperatingthesamewayinothertreespeciescouldfactorintohowwereforestareasafterharvestingthemanditcouldinformhowwewanttoplanttreestopreservethesenetworks.InwhatwaydothenewfindingsdifferfromthepreviousonesTheyconfirmthebenefitsoffungalnetworks.Theydemonstrateanewwaytocapturecarbon.Theyclarifymisunderstandingoffungalnetworks.Theyrevealthevalueoffungalnetworkstoadulttrees.HowdofungalnetworkshelptreesByfightingagainstdiseases.Bybetteringforestsoilconditions.Byactingasthecenteroffamilyunits.Bymaintainingthebalanceofresources.WhatdoestheunderlinedTheyrefertoinParagraph3Treerings.Fungalnetworks.Douglasfirs.CoresfromDouglasfirs.WhichfieldwillmostbenefitfromthestudyaccordingtothetextA.Geography.B.Agriculture.C.Reforestation.D.Microbiology.DDCCThefirstChinesecharactersdatefromthelateShangDynastysome3000yearsagooriginallymadeforthepurposesofdivination(占卜).Theywerewrittenonpiecesoftortoiseshellandfragmentsofbone.DuringtheShangDynastydivinationwasveryimportant.Tothosewhoknewhowtoreadthemitwasbeliefthatexhibitsofshellandbonecouldforetellthefuturetellyouwhentosacrificewhentoharvestandwhenillnesswouldstrike.Soitwasthesedivinersseekingtounlockthefuturethataccidentallyprovideduswithakeytothepast.Theseoraclebones(甲骨)offerusapreciousglimpseoflifeinChinasomethreethousandyearsago.Ofthefourthousandcharactersusedinthesedescriptionssofar1500havebeendeciphered.ThroughthemwecanreconstructadayinthelifeofaShangDynastyman.ItwasthatbyacombinationofcarefulobservationandincredibleimaginationthepeopleoftheShangdynastyturnedwhattheysawdidandfeltintosymbolsthatcouldbewrittenonturtleshellsandanimalbones-theveryfirstChinesecharacters.Inpictographcharacterslike〃Tian〃,meaningfarmsimplelineswereusedtooutlinetheshapeofsomething.Butmoreabstractconceptscouldbedescribedtoo.Forexampleashorthorizontalstrokeabovealongonemeant“above”ashortstrokebelowalongonemeant“below”.Bycombiningmorethanonecharacterintooneevenmorecomplexideascouldbeexpressed.TakeJiomeaningwineforexampleacombinationofthecharacterforcuporcontainerandwater.Othercharacterswouldcombineonecharacterindicatingacertainsoundwithanotherspecifyingmeaning.Yangforexamplemeaningwander.ThankstotheChinesecharactersontheoraclebonesChinesecivilizationcouldatlastberecordedandpasseddownthegenerations.Strangeasitmayseemthecomplexsystemofwritingweusetodaybeganlifethousandsofyearsagoasscratchesonbitsofbone.Nowtheyrerootedinheartsandmindsofmorethanabillionpeople.WhatwerethefirstChinesecharactersinitiallyusedforServingtherulers.Recordingthepast.Showingnaturalpower.Unlockingthefuture.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninParagraph3Identified.Destroyed.Discovered.Simplified.WhatdoesParagraph5focusonaboutthefirstChinesecharactersA.Theevolution.Theformation.Theconnection.Themeaning.WhatisthepurposeofthetextTointroduceoraclebonescript.TostressthevalueofChinesecharacters.TohighlightthebirthofChineseculture.ToofferaglimpseoflifeinShangDynasty.。