初中英语语法现在完成时专项练习

现在完成时

一、结构现在完成时由“助动词havehas+过去分词”构成其否定式是在助动词havc/has后加not一般疑问句是将助动词have/has移至句首若肯定句中有already在变成否定句、疑问句时应将其改成yeteg.Ihavealreadypostedtheletter.f§已经不在我这儿了Herfriendhasalreadypostedthephotostohim.改为否定句和疑问句Herfriendthephotostohim.hasntpostedyetherfriendthephotostohimhaspostedyet

二、用法

1、表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与一些时间状语，如:alreadyyeteverneverjustbeforeoncetwice等连用，也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语，如thesedaystodaythisyearsofar等连用.—WhowillgototheairporttomeetJenny—Iwill.Iherseveraltimes.Icanfindhereasily.A.metB.havemetC.hadmetD.willmeetBIts7:

30.1cantbelieveyoucookingdinneryetSally.A.haventstartedB.didntstartC.dontstartD.hasntstartedA

2、表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现在，也许还将继续下去，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的•段时间的状语连用，即for+时间段since+时间点/从句，inthelasttenyears等谓语只可用延续性动词.eg.Mr.Liuhaslivedhereforfiveyears.解析一英语动词根据词义可分为两种，一种是延续性的，一种是终止性的，终止性动词也可称为非延续性动词瞬间动词，或点动词，如beginstartdiebuyleavecome等，表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成，不能再延续，所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用，即不能与表示一段时间的状语for+时间段since+时间点/从句连用，也不能用在howlong引导的特殊疑问句中.eg.IveleftShanghaiforthreedays.xIvebeenawayfromShanghaifbrthreedays.T.IleftShanghaithreedaysago.7Itis/hasbeenthreedayssinceIleftShanghai.7二初中英语课本中常见终止性动词有:leavegocomearrivebeginbuyborrowdiejoinbecome等.终止性动词要表示持续时，可用以下方法⑴将时间状语改为时间段+ago句中谓语动词用一般过去时.eg.我弟弟参军两年j.Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.2若保留for+时间段since+时间点/从句，或用在howlong句型中，则需将终止性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词.常见终止性动词与延续性动词或状态动词的对应关系如下openbeopendiebedeadclose----beclosedbecome---beborrow---keepbegin/startbeonputon----wearleave—beaway（from）buyhavefallasleep-ibeasleepend/finishbeovercatchacoldhaveacoldcome/go/arrive/get/rcach/movebein/atjointhearmy---beinthearmybeasoldierjointheParty--beinthePartybeaPartymember—Mybrotherhasbeeninthearmyfbrtwoyears.—Mybrotherhasbeenasoldierfortwoyears.

（三）Hasbeento和beenin/atbeento去过某地，表示某人的一种经历可以和oncetwicealreadyevernever等连用.eg.ShehasbeentoShanghaitwice.（表示目前人在这里）hasgoneto去某地了，说话时某人已离开此地，在去某地的途中或已在某地，eg.ShehasgonetoShanghaio（表示现在她人不在这里）

4、Shehasntseenthenewfilmyet.

5、ShehasbeentoShanghai.

6、Wherehashebeenthesedays现在完成时专项练习

（二）

1.Haswaited

2.hasntfinished

3.hasknown

4.havereceived

5.havebeen

6.havelearned

7.hasntread

8.haslivedleftleaveleft

9.hasbeendidjoinjoined

10.hasraineddidrainrained11haveseensaw

12.Hasfinished

13.Havebeenhavebeen

14.Haveeaten

15.hascome

16.hasgoneto

17.washasbecome

18.haveworkedmoved

19.havemade

20.havestayed

1.havenot

2.Whyhasnt

3.Howlonghashe

4.havebought

5.havelearnedfor

1.havebeen

2.havegonehavebeen

3.havebeen

4.hasgone

5.hasgonehasbeen

1.since

2.for

3.for

4.since

5.since

6.for

7.for

8.forsince

9.since

10.for

11..since

12.for

13.since现在完成时专项练习

（三）

一、

1.Haswaited

2.haventfinished

3.haveknown

4.haveheard

5.hadbeen

6.havestayed

7.hasntread

8.havedone

9.walked

10.hasgoneleft11haslivedleftdidleaveleft

12.hasbeendidjoinjoined

13.studiesstudiedhavestudied

14.hastold

15.hastaught

16.haswrittenwrote

17.haspainted

二、选择填空1—5ADBAB6—8ADD9-20BDBCCDBDCCCAhasbeenin/at逗留在某地已经一段时间.常和fortendayssinceIcamehere等连用.eg.ShehasbeeninShanghaisinceshemovedthere..…HellothisisLilyspeaking.CanIspeaktoMr.Fox…Sorry.HetheLongLake.A.hasbeenloB.wenttoC.hasgonetoD.willgotoC.—youevertotheUnitedStates一Yestwice.A.HavegoneB.HavebeenC.DogoD.WeregoingB四现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时所表明的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响强调的是现在的情况，不可以和表示过去的时间状语yesterdayin1991threedaysagolasttimelastnight等连用.一般过去时表明的是过去发生的事实，和现在不发生关系.-IsyourfatheraPartymember-YeshethePartythreeyearsago.HeaPartymemberforthreeyears.A.joinedhasbeenB.hasjoinedhasbeenC.wasjoinedasD.joinedwasA五现在完成时中的for与sincefor+时间段与延续性动词的现在完成时连用since+时间点/从句Ihavekeptthelibrarybookforaweek.=Ihavekeptthelibrarybooksinceaweekago.1―Whatanicebike!Howlongyouit—Justtwoweeks.A.willbuyB.didbuyC.arehavingD.havehad2---DoyouknowBettyverywell--YessheandIfriendssincewemetinGuangzhoulastsummer.A.havemadeB.havebecomeC.havebeenD.haveturned3…HowlonghaveyoufromtheUSA——Fortwoweeks.A.comebackB.returnedC.gotback4MrGreenhaslivedinChinafiveyearsago.A.forB.sinceC.fromIlis/hasbeen+一段时间+since从句自从某事发生已有一段时间了.eg.Itis/hasbeentwoyearssincemybrotherjoinedthearmy.Hehasbeeninthearmyforthreeyears.改为同义句threeyearshethearmy.Itissincejoined注意1since引导的从句中动词用过去时when引导的特殊问句不与现在完成时连用.havegothasgot虽然是现在完成时，但havegot=havehasgol==has练习题Itsalongtimesincewemeetlastisntit-Iknowyouchooseapicturebookamongthese.—Yes.Havealookatitplease.Sofarspaceshipswithoutpeoplereachthemoonandsomeotherpartsoftheuniverse.Myfatherhomefornearlythreeweeks.A.hasgoneawayfromB.hasleftC.hasbeenawayfromD.wentawayMr.andMrs.GreenhaveinChinaforaweek.A.beenB.gotC.arrivedD.reached-WheresMary-OhshethelibraryA.hasgonetoB.wenttoC.hasbeentoD.hadgonetoKeys:

1.met

2.havechosen

3.havereached

4.C

5.A

6.D

二、现在完成时与中考试题现在完成时是初中阶段同学们需要掌握的非常重要的语法项目，也是全国各地中考试题中经常出现的考点，下面我们就去看看这样的中考题你能不能做对吧（-）全国历届中考试题Theyalliheirmoneysotheyhavetowalkhome.（2001太原）a.spendb.hadspentc.havespentJimhasmademanyfriendssincehetoChina.a.cameb.comesc.hascome—Doyouknowhimwell（2（X）2河北）—Sure.Wefriendssincetenyearsago.a.wereb.havebeenc.havebecomed.havemadeBothhisparentslooksad.Maybetheywhatshappenedtohim.（2002呼和）a.knewb.haveknownc.mustknowd.willknow）Hurryup!Theplayfortenminutes.（2002辽宁）a.hasbegunb.hadbegunc.hasbeenond.beganThe2（X）2WorldCupSoccerMatchforover20dayssinceMay31st.（2002吉林）a.hasbegunb.lastedc.begand.haslasted—you（hefilmyet（2（X）2南通）一YesIitlastSaturday.a.Will...seesawb.Did...seesawc.Have...seenhaveseend.Have...seensaw—HaveyoueverWuzhenandTaohuaIsland（2002浙江）Nonever.ButImgoingtoWuzhenorTaohuaIslandthissummer.a.beeninb.goneinc.beentod.goneto

9.—WhatdidMr.Jonesdobeforehemovedhere（2002安徽）—Heacitybusforovertwenty-fiveyears.a.isdrivingb.drovec.hasdrivend.drivesDickisnthere.Hethecinema.（2002福州）a.hasgonetob.hasgonewithc.hasbeenawayd.hasbeentoIwontgotoseethefilmtonightbecauseImyticket.（2002河南）a.lostb.havelostc.willlostd.didnthave—WhereisMissGaoLily（2（X）2黄岗）一Shetotheteachersrooma.hasbeenb.hasgonec.wentd.wouldgo—Whatistheweatherlikethissummerhere（2002广州）—Thereverylittlerain.a.hasb.hasbeenc.arcd.havebeen—HasJohncome（2002海南）一Yes.HehasbeenhereforlOminutes.a.yetalreadyb.alreadyyetc.alreadystilld.yetyet—hasUncleWangworkedinthisfactory（2002广西）—Since

1991.a.Howsoonb.Howlongc.Howoftend.Howfar

（二）深圳市历届中考试题Greatchangesinourcountryinthelasttenyears.（92年）A.havebeentakenplaceB.hastakenplaceC.havetakentheplaceD.havetakenplaceShehasworkedinShenzhen.（93年）A.in1990B.after1990C.since1990ThedoctortoBeijingtwice.（97年）A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.wentD.goesHowlonghaveyouasoldierTwentyyears.（98年）A.beenB.becomeC.gotD.became-KatehaveyouseenBobthesedays-Yes.Isawhimyesterday.Weeachotherforafewdays.（04年）A.haventseenB.didntseeC.hadntseenD.oftensaw-WhereisJohn-Hetotheteachersoffice.（04年）A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.goesD.went-Haveyouyourticketsir-NoImstillit.（05年）A.foundfindingB.lookedforlookingforC.foundlookingforD.lookedforfinding-HowlonghaveyoulivedShenzhen-tenyears.（06年）A.inForB.inSinceC.atForD.onSince一WhereisSally-ShetoHongKong.Sheyesterday.（06年）A.whatleftB.hasgoneleftC.hasbeenhasleftD.hasleftwent-Wouldyoulikesomecoffee-Nothanks.Isome.（07年）A.havealreadyhaveB.hadjusthadC.havinghaveyethadD.tohavehavealreadyhad现在完成时专项练习

（一）

（一）单项选择、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey一Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven.A.haschanged;wellB.changed;goodC.aschanged;betterD.changed;better

16、MissGreenisntintheoffice.Shetothelibrary.A.hasgoneB.wentC.willgo

17、MyparentsShandongfortenyears.（石家庄2001）A.havebeeninB.havebeentoC.havegoneto

18、Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom（衡阳2003）A.sotheyB.donltheyC.havetheyD.haventthey

19、hasMr.WhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehetoChinaA.HowsooncomesB.HowoftengotC.HowlongcameD.Howfararrived

20、Hisuncleformorethan9years.（咸阳2001）A.hascomehereB.hasstartedtoworkC.haslivedthereD.haslefttheuniversity

（二）句型转换

1、Hehasneversurfed（改成反意疑问句）

2、Theyhavebeenheresince

2000.（对划线部分提问）havetheybeenhere

3、Theoldmanlastyear.Heforayear.（die）（动词填空）

4、Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.（同义句转换）Thisfactoryfortwentyyears.

5、MissGaoleftanhourago.（同义句转换）MissGaoanhourago.

6、HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.（同义句）HermotherthePartythreeyears.7^TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.（同义句转换）twoyearstheGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.

8、Thebushasarrivedhere.Itarrivedtenminutesago.（把两个句子合并成一个句子）

（三）汉译英.吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了.他昨天收到一封信.我父亲以前到过长城.她还没有看过那部新电影o.她去过上海.他这些天上哪儿去了？现在完成时专项练习

（二）I、用括号中动词的适当形式填空I.she（wait）foranhouryetHe（notfinish）theworkyet.LiMing（know）himsincethen.（receive）aletterfrommybrotherrecently.We（be）theremanytimes.Howlongyou（leam）EnglishWangMing（notread）thebookyet.—Heliveinthiscitysinceheleavehishometown.-Whendidheleavethere—Heleavetherethreeyearsago.-HisfatherbeinthePartyforyears.--WhenhejointheParly-HejointhePartyin

1996.

10.—Ilrainforsuchalongtime!-Whenitrain-Itrain3hoursago.1alreadyseethefilm.Iseeitlastweek.—hefinishhisworktodayNotyet.—youbetoHongKong—YesIbetheretwice.一youevereatchocolatesundaes圣代？一Nonever.Myfatherjustcomebackfromwork.Heistirednow.—WheresLiMing—Hegototheteachersoffice.Shanghaibeasmalltownhundredsofyearsago.Nowitbecomealargecity..1workheresinceImoveherein

1999.SofarImakequiteafewfriendshere.—HowlongtheWangsstayhere—Fortwoweeks.Ik句型转换每空一词havebeentoMacaubefore.改为否定句IbeentoMacaubefore.Hehasntcometoschoolbecausehesill.就划线部分提问hecometoschoolHehaslearnedEnglishfor5years.就划线部分提问helearnedEnglish

4.1boughtanewbikejustnow.用just改写Ijustanewbike.

5.WcbegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.改为同义句WeEnglishthreeyears.HI、填入has/havebeen或has/havegone.Harry IsawyouinAnnabelsRestaurantlastnight.Diana Noitwasntme.Ineverthere.Sam SallyandTimareonholidayarenttheyWheretheySueToFloridaagain.Sam HowmanytimestheythereSueThisistheirthirdvisit.Joe CanIhaveanapplepleaseMaryWehaventgotany.Inottoheshopstoday.Alan WheresTonyMaryHesgotaheadachesohetobed.Steve CanIspeaktoJillpleaseLynnShesout.Imafraid.Shetothecinemathisevening.Steve AgainShealreadytothecinemathreetimesthisweek..IV、用for或since填空JillhasbeeninIrelandMonday.JillhasbeeninIrelandthreedays.MyaunthaslivedinAustralia15days.Margaretisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere7oclock.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry

1974.Thebusislate.Wevebeenwaiting20minutes.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenemptymanyyears.Mikehasbeenillalongtime.HehasbeeninhospitalOctober.ShehasbeenherelastWednesday.WehavestudiedEnglishtwoyears.HehaslivedhereheleftShanghai.Theyhaveknowneachotheraboutfivemonths.MissZhaohasworkedinthefactorytenyearsago.现在完成时专项练习

三一、用括号中动词的适当形式填空hewaitforanhouryetInotfinishtheworkyet.Ybuknowhimsincehen.Ihearfrommyfatherrecently.Webeheremanytimesduringhepastthreeyears.HowlongyoustayathomeShenotreadthebookbefore.Ijustdoit.Mysisterwalktoschooleverydaylastyear.HermothergotoShanghai.Sheleavethismorning.—Heliveinthiscitysinceheleavehishometown.—Whenheleavethere—Hetherethreeyearsago.一HismotherbeinthePartyforages.—WhenshejointheParty—ShetheParlyin

1996.InEnglishclassLiMingstudyEnglishwordseveryday.Yesterdaywestudythewordexam.Theystudythewordexamalreadyandnowtheycanuseit!Mymothertellmethestorybefore.Mrs.BrownteachusalotaboutsocialstudiessinceSeptember.Theyoungmanwritethreebooksinthepasttwoyears.Allofthemarcverypopular.Hewritethefirstonein

2001.Shepaintpicturesfortenyears.

二、选择填空JimhasmademanyfriendssincehetoChina.A.cameB.comesC.hascomeD.willcomeThe2002WorldCupSoccerMatchforover20dayssinceMay31st.A.hasbegunB.lastedC.beganD.haslasted—Doyouknowhimwell—Sure.Wefriendssincetenyearsago.A.wereB.havebeenC.havebecomeD.havemadeMyparentsShandongfortenyears.A.havebeeninB.havebeentoC.havegonetoD.havebeen—Howlonghaveyouthebook—Foraweek.A.borrowedB.keptC.lentD.boughtMissWuhastaughtintheschool.A.fortenyearsB.tenyearsagoC.sincetenyearsD.tenyearsHehasforthreeorfourdays.A.gotaheadacheB.fallenillC.caughtacoldD.hadacoughDavidhasChinafor5years.A.beentoB.cometoC.arrivedinD.beeninMothermeanewcoatyesterday.1iton.Itfitsmewell.A.hadmade...havetriedB.made...havetriedC.hasmade...triedD.made...tried“Hetodrawhorsesalready.“Whenhelearn^^**Lastyear”A.learned...hasB.learned...didC.haslearned...hasD.haslearned...did.Tomupintothetree.Lookhehighupthere!A.hasgot...isB.hasclimbed...isC.got...wasD.climbed...isyouthetextyetYesweittwohoursago.A.Did...copy...didB.Have...copied...haveC.Have...copied...didD.Did...copy...hadyouthefilmbeforeWhereyouitA.Have...seen...did...seeB.Did...see...did...watchC.Have...seen...have...seenD.Did...sec...have...seenYoumewaitingfortwohours.Iforyousincefive.A.kept...waitedB.havekept...waitedC.kept...havewaitedD.havekept...havewaitedWhereJohnTbthelibrary.Hethereforanhour.A.has...been...hasgoneB.has...gone...hasbeenC.did...go...wentD.did...be...wentthebabystillNoitcrying.A.Has...cried...hasstoppedB.Is...crying...stoppedC.Did...cry...stoppedD.Is...crying...hasstopped1theway.Ihereforquitemanyyears.A.knew...havelivedB.knew...liveC.know...havelivedD.know...liveyoueverAmericaYesIhave.A.Havc...gonetoB.Have...goneinC.Have...beentoD.Have...beeninMybrothercollegefbroverthreeyears.A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.hasbeeninD.hasbeenatJohntheresincehewentthere.A.workedB.hasworkedC.workedD.worked练习答案现在完成时与中考试题全国历届中考试题Keys:1—5cabbc6-10ddcca11-15bbbab深圳市历届中考试题Keys:DCBAABCABD现在完成时专项练习

（一）

一、单项选择

1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是B

2、现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好）ever（曾经）never（从来，也不;从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用故2应选B

3、C

4、现在完成时常与recently（近来），sofar（到目前为止），inthepast/44last+一段时间”等时间状语连用因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的故4应选D.

5、C

6、现在完成时时常与“for+时间段或since+过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）故6应选C

7、C

8、现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），threetimes（三次），severaltimes（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用故8应选B

9、现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yeslerdayJastweekamomentago等）连用故9的正确答案为B

10、B

11、现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替故11的正确答案依次为D

12、B

13、A

14、C

15、Ao

16、“have/hasgoneto+地点”表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）“，指主语所指的人不在这儿“have/hasbeenin+地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示时间的状语连用“have/hasbeento+地点表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿）“故16的正确答案为A

17、A

18、D

19、C

20、C

二、句型转换I、Jimhasfinisheddoinghishomeworkalready.Heisfreenow.

2、Hereceivedaletteryesterday.

3、MyfatherhasbeentotheGreatWallbefore.A.beenB.goneC.comeD.arrived14^Hurryup!TheplayA.hasbegunB.had_fortenminutesbegunC.has（甘肃2003）.beenonD.began

15、Ittenyearssinceheleftthearmy.（佳木斯2002）A.isB.hasC.willD.was。