冲刺2023年高考英语题型预测新高考专用专题01 阅读理解（最新名校模拟题）

2023年高考英语必考题型终极预测（最新名校模拟题）

[1]阅读理解（2022•江苏常州•三模）AstheworldapproachesthesecondanniversaryofthedeclarationoftheCovid-19pandemicbytheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）onMarch11morenationsarerollingoutorarediscussingthepossibilityoffourthdosesofcoronavirusvaccinefortheirmostvulnerable.IntheUnitedStatesleadingpublichealthofficialssaytheyare“verycarefdlly”monitoringiforwhenfourthdosesmightbeneeded.IsraelwasthefirstnationtorolloutfourthdosesannouncinginDecemberthatadults60andoldermedicalworkersandpeoplewithsuppressed（抑制的）immunesystemswerequalifiedtoreceivetheextrashotifatleastfourmonthshavepassedsincetheirthirddose.MorerecentlythePublicHealthAgencyofSwedenannouncedlastweekthatsecondboosterdosesarerecommendedforeveryone80andolderinthecountry.TheUnitedKingdomsDepartmentofHealthandSocialCareannouncedMondaythatanextraboosterdose（力H强齐Ll量）ofcoronavirusvaccinewillbeofferedinthespringtoadults75andolderresidentsincarehomesforolderadultsandimmunosuppressed（免疫功能不全）people12andolder.IntheUShealthofficialsemphasizedlatelastyearthatfourthdoseswerenotyetneededandsaiditwastooearlytobediscussingapotentialfourthdoseofcoronavirusvaccineformostpeople.NowtheUSFoodandDrugAdministrationisindeedcontinuallylookingattheemergingdataonthepandemicandvariants（变种）intheUnitedStatesandoverseasinordertoevaluatethepotentialutilityandcompositionofboosterdosesJFDAspokespersonAlisonHuntwroteinanemailtoCNNonFriday.SheconfirmedthatalthoughDr.PeterMarksdirectoroftheFDAsCenterfbrBiologiesEvaluationhasnotedthatthereisstillmuchuncertaintyastohowthepandemicmayfurtherevolvehealsohassaiditispossiblethatafourthdosemightberecommendedaswemoveintofall.Afalltimelineexistatthesametimeoftheadministrationofflushotswhichcouldbeconvenientforpeopleandmakessensescientificallybecauserespiratory（呼吸的）viruses-likethecoronavirus-tendtopeakinthewintermonthsthatfollow.WhatcanweknowfromthefirstparagraphTheWHObelievestheCovid-19willaffectpeopleforanothertwoyears.TheWHOhasaskedcountriestoevaluatethepossibilityofafourthvaccine.ManycountriesaremakingafourthdoseofCovid-19vaccineavailable.TheUSarecautiouslydevelopingthefourthdoseofCovid-19vaccine.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectcharge.PaulDastoortheinventoroftheprintedsolarpanelssaidtheUniversityofNewcastleteamwouldbetestingnotonlytheenduranceofthepanelsbuttheirpotentialperformanceforotherapplications.ThisisactuallyanidealtestbedtogiveusinformationabouthowwewouldgoaboutusingandpoweringtechnologyinotherremotelocationsforexampleinspaceJDastoortoldReutersinthetownofGosforthnorthofSydney.Printedsolarisalightweightlaminated（层压的）plasticthatcanbemadeatacostoflessthan$10asquaremeter.Thepanelsaremadeonacommercialprinteroriginallyusedforprintingwinelabels.DastoorsaidusingthepanelstopoweracarwouldgetAustralianstothinkmoreaboutelectricvehiclesandcouldhelpeasetheirrangeanxiety.^^Thecommunityisseekingthesesortsofanswerstotheproblemsifsbeingfacedwithdayindayoutaroundclimatechange.Ontheir84-dayTeslajourneytheteamplanstovisitabout70schoolstogivestudentsatasteofwhatthefuturemayhold.AskedwhatElonMuskcreatoroftheTeslacarandfounderofTeslaIncTSLA.OmightsayabouttheCAAprojectDastoorsaidhehopedhewouldbepleased.CAAwasshowinghowourinnovativetechnologyisnowcombiningwithhisdevelopmentstodevelopnewsolutionsfbrtheplanet”Dastoorsaid..WhatcanwelearnabouttheprintedsolarpanelAItweighsalot.B.Itcanberolledandcarried.C.Itcanbeusedatanytimeofaday.D.Ithasbeenappliedtopowergascars.Whatis“rangeanxiety“inParagraph5probablyaboutA.Theclimateisgettingworse.B.Thesolarpanelsare100long.C.Thesolarpanelsareexpensive.D.Theenduranceofthepanelsispoor.WhatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphMuskispleasedwiththeCAAprojectB・Studentsarepositiveabouttheirownfuture.Theelectriccarlasts84daysonasinglecharge.TheCCAteamandMuskaremakingeffortsforclimatechanges.WhichcanbethebesttitleforthetextAAnewtestonTeslaB.AnewdiscoveryinspaceC・AbreakthroughinsolarpanelsD.AconcernforclimatechangesCouldasuddensharpincreaseinthesizeandvarietyofancientlifehavebeenlinkedtodramaticchangesdeepinsidetheEarthAbout550millionyearsagointheCambrian（寒武纪）periodofprehistorysomanynewanimalsappearedthattheeventisreferredtoasthe“Cambrianexplosion”.Scientistshavelongwonderedwhattriggeredthechangeafterbillionsofyearsinwhichlifewasmostlyextremelysmall.NowitseemsthattheformationofEarthsinnercore——asolidironballatthecentreofEarth——wascrucial.Theinnercoreliesabout3000milesbelowEarthssurfaceandis1500milesacross.Itissurroundedbyaliquid-metaloutercoreandisslowlygrowingastheliquidmetalcools.Heatfromtheinnercorepowersswirling（旋转）movementsintheliquidlayerwhichcreateastrongmagneticfield（磁场）aroundEarth一abarrierthatprotectslifebyblockingharmfulparticlesfromouterspace.Themagnetism-drivinginnercoreseemstobearecentarrivalhowever.In2019ateamledbyProfessorJohnTardunoattheUniversityofRochesterNewYorkUsanalysedchemicalsinancientrocksfromQuebecCanadawhichtraparecordofthemagneticfieldatthemomenttheyformed.Theteamfoundthat565millionyearsagoEarthsmagnetismhadlessthan10%ofitsstrengthtoday.Thissuggeststhattheswirlingofliquidmetalwhichhadalwaysproducedaprotectivemagneticforcewasgrowingweak.NowfurtherworkhasshownthatthefieldsstrengthstartedtorecoverjustbeforetheCambrianexplosion—almostcertainlydrivenbythenewlyformedinnercoreprovidingafreshpowersource.Itseemshighlylikelythatthetwoeventsaresomehowlinked.IdontthinkthatthereturnofEarthsmagneticfieldandthesubsequentexplosionoflifeonEarthcanbeunconnected“saysTarduno.Workingouttheexactnatureoftheconnectionhoweverwillneedalotmorescientificresearch.WhatdocstheunderlinedwordtriggcrccTinParagraph1meanWhatisParagraph2mainlyaboutC.Theinnercoresmotion.D.Theinnercoresdevelopment.WhatarethefindingsofTardunosresearchteamEarthsmagnetismwasveryweak565millionyearsago.B・Theinnercoreactsasabarrieragainstharmfulparticles.Ancientrockschemicalssavearecordofthemagneticfield.ThefieldsstrengthstartedtoweakenbeforetheCambrianexplosion.WhatfutureresearchwillbeprobablycarriedoutCausesoftheexplosionofancientlife.B・Evidencefortheexactcharacterofthelink.ResearchmethodsadoptedbyTarduno-ledteam.ExplanationsforthereturnofEarthsmagneticfield.（2022•福建•三明一中模拟预测）In2009biologistCharlesAndersonputforwardanassumptionthatglobeskimmerdragonflies（蜻蜓）ontheMaldiveshadflowninfromwhatheassumedwasIndia.WhentheyflewoffagainitwastowardsEastAfrica.12yearslateragroupofresearchersdecidedtoinvestigatehisclaim.Globeskimmerdragonfliesaretoosmalltobefittedwithelectronicdevices.Insteadtheresearchersexamineditsphysicalaspectsandcalculatedhowlongaglobeskimmerdragonflycouldstayintheairusingtheenergythatcanbestoredinitsbody.Inadditiontheresearchersusedwindmodelstodetermineiftherearewindsthatfacilitatethemigrationinbothdirections.“OurstudyshowsthatthismigrationfromIndiatoEastAfricaisactuallypossible.Howevertheglobeskimmerdragonflycantmanageitusingonlythefatinitsbody.Italsorequiresfavorablewindsandthesearepresentduringcertainperiodsoftheyear“saysJohannaHedlundabiologyresearcheratLundUniversity.Accordingtothemigrationexperimentsusingwindmodelsabout15percentofthedragonfliescouldmanagethemigrationfromIndiatoAfricainthespring.Intheautumn40percentcouldmakethesamejourneyintheoppositedirection.JohannaHedlundandhercolleaguesconsideritimpressivethatdragonfliescandothisatall.EvenmoreimpressiveisthefactthattheglobeskimmerdragonflymigrationacrosstheIndianOceanisthelongestintheanimalkingdominrelationtoananimalssize.Otheranimalsalsorelyonfavorablewindconditionswhentheymigrate.TwoexamplesaretheamurfalconandtheJacobincuckoowhichalsoflyacrosstheIndianOcean.Theresearcherswarnthatclimatechangemayaffectthechancesofthesebirdsandtheglobeskimmerdragonflyinthefuture.Thereisariskthatwindpatternswillchangewhenthewatersurfacegetswarmer.HowdotheresearchersmainlyprovetheirassumptionA.Byfittingelectronicdevices.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byperformingexperiments.D.Bymakingcomparisons.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3Thedragonflyfliesusingthefatinitsbody.15percentofthedragonfliesleftAfricaforAfrica.Thedragonflyfliesthelongestintheanimalworld.CharlesAndersonspotteddragonfliesflyingtoIndia.WhyaretwoexamplesmentionedinthelastparagraphA.Toillustratehowtheanimalsfly.B・Towarnpeopleoftheclimatechange.C・Toevidencethatwatersurfacegetswarmer.D.Toshowtheinfluenceofwindonthemigration.WhafsmainideaofthetextA.Windconditionsarecrucialtodragonflies.B・Climatechangemayaffectanimals5migration.C.DragonfliescanmigrateacrosstheIndianOcean.D.Johannaandhercolleaguesinvestigatedragonflies.（2022•河北沧州•模拟预测）Yesterdaywesaidgoodbyetomygrandfather.Hewas96yearsoldandhewasmylastgrandparent.IthasbeenawhilesinceIsawmygrandpainperson.IthinkheonlymetmyyoungestLillyonce.ItkindofpainsmetothinkthatIdeprived（录U夺）mychildrenofthechancetoknowtheironlygreat-grandparent.ButIdidntwantthemtoknoworrememberaveryoldmanincapableofgettingdownonhiskneestoplaywiththemandlaughingwiththembecausehecanthearwhattheyresaying.ThatsnotthegrandfatherIknow.Mygrandfatherneverstopped.Hewasanearly-adoptertohavealaptop-type-devicelongbeforeApplewasahouseholdwordandhewasprogrammingvideogamesforgrandkidstoplaybeforemostpeopleknewwhatprogrammingwas.Hekeptphysicallyfiteverydayofhislife.Inhislateryearshekeptbusyplayingtennisballroomdancingswimmingbicycling.Intheendhedidntloseabattletoanydisease.Hisbodysimplycouldnotgoonanymore.Ifeelextremelythankfultohavehadtheopportunitytoknowmygrandfather.Intentionalornothetaughtmemanylessons.MygrandfathertaughtmetowaterskiwhenIwas5yearsoldandhetaughtmehowtosurfaboutadecadeafterthat.WheneverIthoughtitstoolatefbrmetostudyalanguageorgetbetteratpianohemadeitclearthatitsonlymyfearholdingmebacknotage.Theselessonsmakelifemeaningfultome.Iprefertothinkofthemaslessonsforlivingapositivelifethatleavesapositiveimpressiononme.ThatissomethingIwillstrivetodo.ThankstomygrandfatherIhaveaprettygoodblueprinttofollow.SoIguessthebestthingIcanoffermychildrentofeelconnectedtothatmanisthelessonsIlearnedfromhim.Whydidtheauthorseldomtakekidstotheirdisabledgreat-grandfatherA.Topromotethekids5independence.B・Tokeeptheoldmanlivingaquietlife.C.Topreventthekidsfrombeingfrightened.D.Toavoidthekidshavingabadimpressionofhim.HowcouldtheauthorsgrandfatherkeepfitB・Byplayingwithlittlekids.D.Bykeepingexercising.grandfatherfromparagraph4B・Hewasveryencouraging.D.HestudiedanewlanguageinhisoldageB-WinningaBattletoDiseaseD.ImpressionofMyChildhood（20221可二I匕秦皇岛•二模）HuaShengandLuShengaretiredTibetancouplehavebecometrailblazers（开拓者）ofgrapegrowingandwinemakingintheiroldages.LuShenglearnedgrapeplantingandwinemakingfromhergrandmother^sister.SincetheyretiredthecouplehavemovedtoLhasafromthevillageofYakhadi.Thoughthefactthattheregionscapitalwhichis3600metersabovesealevelisconsideredunfitforgrowinggrapesLuShengandHuaShengbegananambitiousprojectin2015plantinggrapesinTsalnaatowninthesuburbofLhasa.Theyreceivedsupportfromthelocalgovernmentwhichiscommittedtodevelopingbusinessandtheeconomy.Thecouplesprojectprovidesjobsfbrruralresidentsandasaresultthegovernmenthasconsideredtheprojectpartofitspovertyreliefprogram.“LhasaisanidealplacefbrplantingFrenchgrapevarietiesthatareresistanttocolddroughtanddiseaseandadaptabletohigh-altitudeandopen-airplantingLuShengsaid.“ThankstotheplateaussunshineandorganicplantingourgrapesgrowverywellhereinLhasa.Thegrapesareabitsourandsweetandtheyhaveahighanthocyanin（花青素）content“shesaid.Anthocyaninswhichaccumulate（积累）ingrapecellsandcontributerichcolortowinearewater-soluble（水溶性的）.In2018HuaShengandLuShengexpandedtheirprojectplantingonnearly

6.67hectares.InordertofamiliarizeTibetanfarmerswithgrapeplantingandwinemakingtheytaughttheskillstolocalvillagers.“Wehavesuccessfullytaughtthelocalfarmershowtogrowgrapesandmakewineoverthethreeyears.Theynowhaveanewsourceofincomebesidestraditionalformingandherding/9HuaShengsaid.YudronaresidentofNamsaidshewasgratefultothegrapeplantingprojectinhervillagewhichhascontributedtoherincomeandqualityoflife.Afterworkinginthevine-yardsforyearsnowweknowhowtomakewine.Wedrinkbothbarleyandgrapewinenow.Welovegrapewinemorethoughasitishealthier.^^

41.WhatdidthecoupledoaftertheirretirementTheygrewgrapesandmadewineinLhasa.TheymadefriendswithaFrenchexpert.TheymovedtoanothercityfromLhasa.TheylearnedgrapeplantingfromHuaShengsgrandmother.WhywasthecouplesprojectthoughtofaspartofapovertyreliefprogramA.Theydonatedgrapestolocalschools.B・Theyemployedlocalresidentsasworkers.C.Theyprovidedfreewineforvillagers.D.Theyexpandedtheprojectwiththelocalgovernment.WhichisthefunctionofanthocyaninsA.Theymakegrapesmoredelicious.B・Theyprovideadequatecolorsforwine.C.Theymakegrapesabitsourandsweet.D.Theycanacceleratethegrowthofgrapes.FortheprojectconductedbythecoupleYudronis.A.indifferentB.cautiousC.appreciativeD.concerned（2022・湖南益阳市教育科学研究院模拟预测）AsmoreAmericansarevaccinated（接种疫苗）againstCOVID-19reunionsamonglovedonesarebecomingincreasinglyfrequentandformanyhuggingisthemainevent.AlcantaraastudentatLoyolaMarymountUniversityUSandhergrandmotherlivea25-minutedriveapartintheSanFernandoValley.ButtheyhadntbeeninthesameroomsinceFebruary

2020.WhenAlcantaragraduatedfromhighschoollastspringshestoodonhergrandmasfrontporchinhercapandgown（学位月艮），sotheolderwomanheronlylivinggrandparentcouldseeherthroughthewindow.ButbyApril3hergrandmothers95thbirthdayAlcantarahadbeenfullyvaccinated.Theycouldsafelyembrace.ItfeltliketimehadntreallymovedbutIknowsomuchtimehaspassed“saidAlcantara.JustputtingherheadovermyheadIjustfeltsowarmandsoloved.”Manyofthenewlyvaccinatedcanrecalltheirfirsthugs.Thosewhodeclaredthemselvesnon-huggersbefore2020saytheyvebeentransformedbyayearof“touchdeprivation（录U夺）Somefriendsaregoingsofarastoplanhugdates.Mosthumansexpectphysicaltouchfromfriendsandfamilyandfeeltheyneedittomaintaintheircloserelationshipsexpertssay.Hugsareawayofsayinghelloofferingsupportaskingforlovesharingjoyandcommunicatingemotionsthatmaynotbetranslatedintowords.Formostofthepastyearpeoplewerewarnedtostaysixfeetawayfromeveryoneoutsidetheirhousehold.Butasvaccinationspickeduppaceitwasbelievedthatitssafeforvaccinatedpeopletobeinclosecontactwithsmallnumbersofotherpeople.Thatopenedthedoorforhugging.Grandmotherandgrand-daughterplantorestarttheirSaturdaydates.Therewillbemorehugs.WhencouldAlcantaraandhergrandmotherhavehealthycontactwitheachotherASinceFebruary

2020.B.BythetimeAlcantaragraduated.C.BeforeApril

3.D.Sincehergrandmothers95thbirthday.WhatmadethoseAmericansdeclaringthemselvesnon-huggersbefore2020changeA.Theyrecalledtheirfirsthugs.B・Theywerenewlyvaccinated.C.Theyweregoingtoplanhugdates.D.Theyhadbeenunabletotouchothersforayear.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthebenefitofhuggingmentionedinthearticleA.Greetingothers.B.Sharinghappiness.C.Askingfbradvice.D.Providingsupport.WhichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthebesttitleofthearticleAAyearof“touchdeprivation”.B.Reopenthedoorofembrace.C・VaccinatedagainstCOVID-

19.D.Alcantaraandherconsiderategrandmother.参考答案C

2.C

3.B

4.A【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道文章主要介绍了越来越多的国家正在推出或讨论第四剂新冠疫苗的可能性，包括接种时间及接种人群.细节理解题根据第一段“morenationsarerollingoutorarediscussingthepossibilityoffourthdosesofcoronavirusvaccinefortheirmostvulnerable』更多的国家正在为其最脆弱的人群推出或讨论第四剂新冠疫苗的可能性广可知，许多国家正在努力研发第四剂新冠疫苗，希望使人们能够接种第四针故选C项.细节理解题根据第二段“TheUnitedKingdomsDepartmentofHealthandSocialCareannouncedMondaythatanextraboosterdoseofcoronavirusvaccinewillbeofferedinthespringtoadults75andolderresidentsincarehomesforolderadultsandimmunosuppressedpeople12andolder.（英国卫生和社会福利部周一宣布，额夕卜的新冠疫苗加强针将于春季提供给75岁及以上的成年人、老年人护理院的居民以及12岁及以上免疫功能不全的人群）”可知，英国12岁及以上的免疫功能不全的人群将接受加强针C项正确故选C项.推理判断题根据第三段“NowtheUSFoodandDrugAdministrationisindeedcontinuallylookingattheemergingdataonthepandemicandvariantsintheUnitedStatesandoverseasinordertoevaluatethepotentialutilityandcompositionofboosterdoses.（现在，美国食品药品监督管理局确实在继续关注美国和海外的疫情及其变体的新数据，以评估加强剂量的潜在效用和组成）“可知，美国食品药品监督管理局正在通过分析相关数据评估加强剂量的可能影响故选B项.推理判断题文章主要介绍了越来越多的国家正在推出或讨论第四剂新冠疫苗的可能性，包括接种时间及接种人群，列举了以色列、瑞典、英国及美国关于第四剂新冠疫苗的情况故本文是一篇新闻报道，可能来自某个新闻网站故选A项.A

6.C7D

8.C【导语】这是一篇说明文文章介绍了神州13载人飞船成功返回的历史意义以及在其速度、温度控制和着陆方面的技术性突破.推理判断题根据第一段“ChinawelcomedthreeheroicastronautshomeonApril

16.There-entrymodulecarryingZhaiZhigangWangYapingandYeGuangfutoucheddownsafelyatthedesignatedDongfengLandingSiteinInnerMongoliaautonomousregion.ThisendedtheShenzhouXIIIastronauts5six-monthspacemission.（4月16日，中国欢迎三名英雄的宇航员回国载有翟志刚、王亚平和叶光富的返回舱在内蒙古自治区东风指定着陆点安全着陆结束了神舟十三号宇航员为期六个月的太空任务户以及第二段“ThisreturnmarksamajorbreakthroughfbrChinaseffortsinspace.Letslookatsomeofthetechnicaldetailsofthemission.（这次着陆标志着中国在太空领域取得了重大突破让我们看看任务的一些技术细节广可知，第一段的作用是引出文章将要探讨的话题——这次航天任务的技术细节故选A项.细节理解题根据第三段“ThistimeShenzhouXIIIshortenedthetimetoabout9hoursorbitingtheEarthfivetimes.（这次神舟十三号将时间缩短到9小时左右，绕地球运行了5圈）”可知，神州13号围绕地球转5圈要9小时，因此转一圈要

1.8小时故选C项.细节理解题根据第五段“Thisapproachrequiredmoreprecisecontrolofthespacecraftandmoreaccurateorbitalcalculations.Thismeantthatwhenthespacecraftseparateditcouldquicklytargetthelandingareacalculatethereturnpathandadjustitsaltitude.（这种方法需要对航天器进行更精确的控制J和更精确的轨道计算这意味着，当航天器分离时，它可以快速瞄准着陆区域，计算返回路径，并调整其高度广可知，题目中

②③④⑤是正确的故选D项.细节理解题根据侄！I数第二段“Theyalsolaidalayerofablativematerialthatsublimatedandfelloffwhenthetemperaturereachedacertainleveltakingalotofheatwithit.（他们还铺设了一层烧蚀材料，当温度达到一定水平时，这些材料升华并脱落，带走大量热量）”可知，烧蚀材料在一定温度下，升华脱落，带走了热量故选C项.B

10.C

11.D

12.D【分析】这是一篇新闻报道文章主要介绍了2020年12月17日，中国航天器嫦娥五号返回地球，带回了自20世纪70年代以来在地球上从未见过的东西——月球岩石样本文章介绍了月球岩石样品的意义以及嫦娥项目的一些目标和计划.主旨大意题根据第二段“ThereturnedlunarsampleswillabsolutelyaddnewknowledgeofthehistoryofthemoonparticularlyitsvolcanoessaysXiaoLongaplanetaryscientistatChinaUniversityofGeosciences.TherockssentbackbyChange-5willaskustorethinkaboutwhyandhowthemoonsvolcanichistorylastedthislonghesays.（中国地质大学的行星科学家肖龙表示，返回的月球样本“绝对会增加关于月球历史，特别是其火山的新知识嫦娥五号发回的岩石“将让我们重新思考月球的火山历史为何以及如何持续了这么长时间，”他说户可知，第二段主要讲了月球岩石样品的意义故选B.细节理解题根据第一段的“ThispreciouscargocollectedbyChange-5sroboticresearchvehicleinthenorthwestregionofthelunarnearsideisnowbeingstudiedbyscientistsinBeijing.（这ijtt珍贵的货物是由嫦娥五号的机器人研究车在月球西北部附近收集的，目前北京的科学家正在对其进行研究）和第四段中力nthenearfutureanidenticalspacecraftcalledChange-6willattemptasample-returnmissionfromthemoonssouthpole——anareaofintensescientificinterest-giventhelargeamountofwatericepresent.（在不久的将来，——艘名为“嫦娥六号”的相同航天器将尝试从月球南极进行采样返回任务——月球南极是一个让人们有着浓厚科学兴趣的区域——因为那里存在大量的水冰厂可知，嫦娥六号和嫦娥五号的任务不同在于探索的位置不同故选C.细节理解题o根据倒数第二段“ThemoreadvancedChange-7andChange-8spacecraftarealsoplannedtolandnearthesouthpoletocarryoutanalysisoftheregionandtestnewtechnologiesincludingdetectingandobtainingmaterialsthatcouldbeusefultofuturehumanexplorerssuchaswaterandhydrogenandtesting3Dprintingonthelunarsurface.便先进的嫦娥七号和嫦娥八号航天器也计划在南极附近着陆，对该地区进行分析并测试新技术，包括探测和获取可能对未来人类探索者有用的材料，如水和氢，并测试月球表面的3D打印厂可知，“嫦娥七号”和“嫦娥八号”的空间任务主要是寻找和测试支持在月球上生活的资源和方法故选D.推理判断题根据最后一段Thelong-termaimoftheChangsprogramistoestablishanInternationalLunarResearchStationaround2030tosupportroboticandeventuallycrewedmissions.（嫦娥计划的长期目标是在2030年左右建立一个国际月球研究站，以支持机器人和最终载人任务厂结合上文提到的嫦娥五号、六号以及七八号的任务可推知，嫦娥计划一系列越来越具有挑战性的月球科学探索故选D.A

14.C

15.D

16.A【分析】这是一篇新闻报道文章对一位外国抖音网红进行了报道

13.推理判断题根据第二段第一句EverydaySamilivestreams（网络直播）onDouyin（ChinasdomesticversionofTikTok）foroneortwohourspromotinghistoystoChinesebuyers.”（萨米每天都会在抖音（中国版A.Israelwasunwillingtorolloutthefourthdose.B・Theelderlypeoplemustbegivenafourthdose.Peopleaged12andoverintheUKwithimmunosuppressedwillbegivenaboosterdose.SwedenrecommendedaseconddoseforeverySwissaged80andover.

3.WhatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphsA.HealthofficialsintheUnitedStatesdonotbelieveafourthdoseisneededcurrently.B・FDAisassessingpossibleeffectsofboosterdosesthroughanalyzingrelateddata.Alisonbelieveditimpossiblethatafourthdosemightbesuggestedinautumn.Peoplearemostlikelytocontractrespiratorydiseasesbeforewinter.

4.WhereisthistextmostlikelyfromA・Anewswebsite.B.Asciencetextbook.C.Amedicalthesis.D.Adoctorsbiography.（2022•江苏•新沂市第一中学模拟预测）ChinawelcomedthreeheroicastronautshomeonApril

16.Thereentrymodule（返回舱）carryingZhaiZhigangWangYapingandYeGuangfutoucheddownsafelyatthedesignatedDongfengLandingSiteinInnerMongoliaautonomousregion.ThisendedtheShenzhouXIIIastronauts9six-monthspacemission.ThisreturnmarksamajorbreakthroughfbrChinaseffortsinspace.Lefslookatsomeofthetechnicaldetailsofthemission.SpeedrecordThemissionsetanewspeedrecord.TheShenzhouXIIreturncapsulerevolvedaroundtheEarth11timesover24hoursbeforereturningonSept

172021.ThistimeShenzhouXIIIshortenedthetimetoabout9hoursorbitingtheEarthfivetimes.TheShenzhouXIIImissionwassimplifiedtoonlyfiveorbitsandwasdesignedtoreturnmoreefficientlyaccordingtotheChineseAcademyofSpaceTechnology（CAST）.Thisapproachrequiredmoreprecisecontrolofthespacecraftandmoreaccurateorbitalcalculations.ThismeantthatwhenthespacecraftseparateditcouldquicklytargetthelandingareacalculatethereturnpathandadjustitsaltitudeWangYananeditor-in-chiefofBeijing-basedAerospaceKnowledgemagazinetoldtheGlobalTimes.“HavingtheabilitytoadoptsuchafastreturnmethodindicatesthatChinasreturntechnologyfbrmanned的TikTok）上直播一两个小时，向中国买家推销他的玩具）可知，萨米开始直播来增加他玩具的销量故选Ao.细节理解题根据第四段最后一句Henowhasonlyabout28000followersonDouyinbuthisgoalistohave10millionfollowerswithintwoyears.（他现在在抖音上只有大约

2.8万名粉丝，但他的目标是在两年内拥有1000万名粉丝）可知，萨米在抖音上的视频吸引了大量粉丝故选C.细节理解题根据第五段第二句SamidecidedtotrylivestreamingandlookformoreChinesedomesticbuyersviaDouyin.”（萨米决定尝试直播，并通过抖音寻找更多的中国国内买家）可知，COVID-19对Sami的影响是他努力吸引更多的中国买家故选D.推理判断题根据最后——段“ThecollegeisofferingitsoverseasstudentscoursesonChinaslivestreamsellingmarketwhichincludehowtoattractmorefollowershowtoselectsuitableproductshowtointeractwithaudiencesandhowtoshootandeditshortvideos.”（该学院正在中国的直播销售市场上为海外学生提供课程，包括如何吸引更多的粉丝，如何选择合适的产品，如何与观众互动，以及如何拍摄和编辑短视频）可知，最后一段的内容和Sami本身没有太多关系，所以是为了提供背景信息故选A.C

18.B

19.B

20.A【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要说明了海洋保护区的建立出现了创纪录的激增说明了保护区几乎所有的增长都发生在海洋地区，文章引述了不同的人对此的看法和评价以及保护区未来的发展等.细节理解题根据第一段“Arecordsurgeinthecreationofmarineprotectedareashastakentheinternationalcommunityclosetoitsgoalofcreatingnaturerefugeson17%oftheworldslandand10%ofseasby2020accordingtoanewUNreport.（联合国一份新报告称，海洋保护区的创建激增，使国际社会接近其到2020年在世界17%的陆地和10%的海洋上建立自然保护区的目标户可知，海洋保护区数量迅速增长推动了海洋自然保护区目标的实现故选C.细节理解题根据第一段中“Somereservesarelittlemorethan“paperparkswithlittlevaluetonatureconservation4有些保护区不过是“纸公园”，对自然保护没有什么价值户可知，“纸公园”的建立对自然保护没有什么价值故选B.细节理解题根据第三段“Wehaveseenanenonnousexpansioninthepasttwoyears.ThereisnowmoremarineprotectedareathanterrestrialwhichnobodywouldhavepredictedsaidKathyMcKinnonoftheInternationalUnionfortheConservationofNature.IthinkwellcontinuetoseeasubstantialincreaseIdguesstoatleast10%inthenearfiiture.（“过去两年，我们看到了巨大的扩张国际自然保护联盟的KathyMcKinnon说:“现在海洋保护区比陆地保护区要多，这是没有人预料到的”“我认为，我们将继续看到大幅增长，我猜，在不久的将来，至少会达到10%”广可知，KathyMcKinnon认为在不久的将来，海洋保护区的数量将增加至少10%o故选B.主旨大意题根据第一段Arecordsurgeinthecreationofmarineprotectedareashastakentheinternationalcommunityclosetoitsgoalofcreatingnaturerefugeson17%oftheworldslandand10%ofseasby2020accordingtoanewUNreport.（联合国一份新报告称，海洋保护区的创建激增，使国际社会接近其到2020年在世界17%的陆地和10%的海洋上建立自然保护区的目标）”结合文章还说明了保护区几乎所有的增长都发生在海洋地区，文章引述了不同的人对此的看法和评价以及保护区未来的发展等可知，这篇文章主要讲的是海洋保护区的建立出现了创纪录的激增故选A.B

22.C

23.A

24.D【导语】这是一篇说明文主要说明了“沉没成本效应“在我们实际生活中的体现.诃句猜测题根据第二段的“Thesimplestmethodofbeatingthiserrorofjudgementistosimplystopinvestingwhenitsnotproducingresults.Astheage-oldproverbgoesWhycryoversplitmilk，（克服这种判断错误的最简单的方法就是在没有结果的时候停止投资正如那句古老的谚语所说产牛奶洒了，何必哭呢？”广，这里的it指的是Stoppinginvesting”，故选Bo.推理判断题根据第一段的“Thesunkcosteffectistheongoinginvestmentoftimemoneyandeffortthatanindividualmakesinanyattemptevenifrationallytheresultsappearunpromising.Whenanyindividualhasalreadymadeaninvestmentoftimemoneyoreffortitbecomesdifficulttowithdrawfromthetask.Anenorofjudgementoccurswhenwefailtocutourlosses一thesunkcost.（沉没成本效应是指个人在任何尝试中持续投入的时间、金钱和努力，即使从理性上看结果似乎不太理想当个人已经投入了时间、金钱或精力时，就很难从任务中抽身当我们无法减少损失，即沉没成本时，就会出现判断失误厂可知，C选项“即使食物味道并不好，但依然继续吃自己点的食物”符合题意，故选C.推理判断题由第三段的Peoplebecomerisk-seekingwhentheyarefacingadefiniteloss.Theywillpumpmoremoneyasagambletoachieveapositiveoutcome.（当人们面临明确的损失时，他们就会变得冒险他们将投入更多的资金作为一种赌博，以获得积极的结果）“可知，沉没效应的主要原因可能是害怕失去，期待更好故选A.推理判断题根据最后——段的Wehoweverwillnotchoosetohonorsunkcostsoneveryoccasion.Thisisespeciallytrueinthecaseofinsurance.（然而我们不会选择在任何场合都尊重沉没成本在保险业中尤其如此户可知，提及“家庭保险”是为了进一步解释说明“我们不会在任何情况下都考虑沉没成本故选D.B

26.A

27.D

28.C【导语】本文为一篇说明文文章讲述了澳大利亚科学家正在测试印刷太阳能电池板，以驱动特拉斯从9月份开始的15100公里的旅程，他们希望这能促使公众思考有助于防止气候变化的措施.细节理解题根据文章第二段“TheChargeAroundAustralia（CAA）projectwillpoweraTeslaelectriccarwith18oftheteamsprintedplasticsolarpanelseach18meters（59feet）longrollingthemoutbesidethevehicletoabsorbsunlightwhenitneedsacharge.（CAA项目降为特斯拉电动汽车提供动力，特斯拉电动汽车将使用该团队的18块印刷塑料太阳能电池板，每块长18米，当它需要充电时，就将它们取下来，铺开在车旁边以吸收阳光）”可知，这款印刷太阳能电池板是可以卷起来，可以携带的故选B.词句猜测题根据文章第五段rangeanxiety后文的内容“Thecommunityisseekingthesesortsofanswerstotheproblemsitsbeingfacedwithdayindayoutaroundclimatechange.（社区一直在寻找正面临的这些关于气候变化问题的答案）”的提示可知，此处的rangeanxiety指代的是后文所提到的气候变化的问题故选A.推理判断题根据文章最后一段“CAAwasshowinghowourinnovativetechnologyisnowcombiningwithhisdevelopmentstodevelopnewsolutionsfortheplanet”Dastoorsaid.（CAA展现的是，我们的创新技术是如何与他的发展结合起来找到我们地球环境问题的新的解决方法，Dastoor说道广可知，CAA团队和Musk共同合作，探究解决地球环境问题的方法故选D.主旨大意题根据文章第一段“ScientistsinAustraliaaretestingprintedsolarpanelstopoweraTeslaona15100-kilometer（9400-mile）journeybeginninginSeptember（澳大利亚科学家正在测试印刷太阳能电池板，以驱动特拉斯从9月份开始的15100公里的旅程厂以及后文每段对于印刷太阳能电池板的介绍可知，本文主要围绕科学家新发明的印刷太阳能电池板展开，故C项“太阳能电池板的突破”符合本文标题故选Co

29.C

30.A

31.A

32.B【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要讲述了一个研究表明地球内核所产生的磁场和地球上生命的爆发之间存在联系该研究还在进一步证明这种联系的确切性.词句猜测题根据划线单词前一句话“About550millionyearsagointheCambrian（寒武纪）periodofprehistorysomanynewanimalsappearedthattheeventisreferredtoastheCambrianexplosion”.（大约

5.5亿年前，在史前寒武纪时期，出现了许多新的动物，这一事件被称为“寒武纪爆炸）以及下一句NowitseemsthattheformationofEarthsinnercore——asolidironballatthecentreofEarth——wascrucial.（现在看来，土也球内核的形成——地球中心的一个实心铁球——至关重要户可知，在史前寒武纪时期，出现了许多新的动物，这一事件被称为“寒武纪爆炸所以科学家们一直在想是什么导致这个现象的出现所以划线单词的意思是“导致故选C.主旨大意题根据第二段第一二句话Theinnercoreliesabout3000milesbelowEarthssurfaceandis1500milesacross.Itissurroundedbyaliquid-metaloutercoreandisslowlygrowingastheliquidmetalcools.Heatfromtheinnercorepowersswirling（旋转）movementsintheliquidlayerwhichcreateastrongmagneticfield（磁场）aroundEarth——abarrierthatprotectslifebyblockingharmfulparticlesfromouterspace.（内核位于土也球表面以下约3000英里处，直径1500英里它被液态金属外芯包围，并随着液态金属冷却而缓慢生长来自内核的热量推动了液态层的旋转运动，从而在地球周围形成了一个强大的磁场——一个通过阻止来自外太空的有害粒子进入来保护生命的屏障广可知，第二段主要介绍了地球内核的特征故选A.细节理解题根据第三段第三句话“Theteamfoundthat565millionyearsagoEarthsmagnetismhadlessthan10%ofitsstrengthtoday.（研究小组发现，

5.65亿年前，地球的磁场强度不到今天的10%）“可知，塔杜诺研究团队发现

5.65亿年前地球的磁性非常弱故选A.推理判断题根据最后一段最后一句话“Workingouttheexactnatureoftheconnectionhoweverwillneedalotmorescientificresearch.（然而，要弄清这种联系的确切性质，还需要更多的科学研究）可推知，接下来要继续研究地球磁场的恢复和地球上生命爆发之间的联系的确切证据故选B.C

34.A

35.D

36.C【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了一项研究，研究表明蜻蜓可以利用风完成跨越印度洋的迁徙

33.细节理解题根据第三段中“Accordingtothemigrationexperimentsusingwindmodelsabout15percentofthedragonfliescouldmanagethemigrationfromIndiatoAfricainthespring.（根据利用风模型进行的迁徙实验，大约15%的蜻蜓能够在春天完成从印度到非洲的迁徙户可知，研究人员主要是通过实验来证明他们的假设的故选C项.推理判断题根据第三段中“Howevertheglobeskimmerdragonflycantmanageitusingonlythefatinitsbody.Italsorequiresfavorablewindsandthesearepresentduringcertainperiodsoftheyear.（然而，全球掠食蜻蜓无法仅靠体内的脂肪来解决这个问题它还需要有利的风，而这种风在一年中的某些时候会出现厂可知，这种蜻蜓在飞行中会依靠体内的脂肪来完成迁徙故选A项.推理判断题根据最后一段中“Otheranimalsalsorelyonfavorablewindconditionswhentheymigrate.TwoexamplesaretheamurfalconandtheJacobincuckoowhichalsoflyacrosstheIndianOcean.（其他动物在迁徙时也依赖有利的风力条件两个例子是阿穆尔猎鹰和雅各宾杜鹃，它们也飞越印度洋广可知，本段提到了两个例子是为了展示风对迁徙的影响故选D项.主旨大意题通读全文，根据第三段中“OurstudyshowsthatthismigrationfromIndiatoEastAfricaisactuallypossible.（我们的研究表明，这种从印度到东非的迁徙实际上是可能的户和“Accordingtothemigrationexperimentsusingwindmodelsabout15percentofthedragonfliescouldmanagethemigrationfromIndiatoAfricainthespring.（根据利用风模型进行的迁徙实验，大约15%的蜻蜓能够在春天完成从印度到非洲的迁徙）”以及第四段中“EvenmoreimpressiveisthefactthattheglobeskimmerdragonflymigrationacrosstheIndianOceanisthelongestintheanimalkingdominrelationtoananimalssize.（更令人印象深亥U的事实是，全球蜻蜓跨越印度洋的迁徙是动物王国中最长的，相对于动物的大小广可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究，研究表明蜻蜓可以利用风完成跨越印度洋的迁徙故选C项.D

38.D

39.B

40.A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述作者祖父去世了，作者对祖父的回忆，作者从祖父身上学到了宝贵的东西.推理判断题根据第二段“ItkindofpainsmetothinkthatIdeprived（剥夺）mychildrenofthechancetoknowtheironlygreat-grandparent.ButIdidntwantthemtoknoworrememberaveryoldmanincapableofgettingdownonhiskneestoplaywiththemandlaughingwiththembecausehecanthearwhattheyresaying.ThafsnotthegrandfatherIknow.（想至I」我剥夺了孩子们认识他们唯一曾祖父的机会，我就有点难过但我不想让他们知道或记住一个非常老的人，不能屈膝下来和他们玩，不能和他们一起笑，因为他听不到他们在说什么那不是我认识的祖父）“可知作者不想让自己的孩子看到祖父老了的样子，给自己的孩子留下不好的印象故选D.细节理解题根据第三段“Hekeptphysicallyfiteverydayofhislife.Inhislateryearshekeptbusyplayingtennisballroomdancingswimmingbicycling.Intheendhedidntloseabattletoanydisease.Hisbodysimplycouldnotgoonanymore.（他一生中每天都保持健康的身体在他的晚年，他一直忙于打网球，交际舞，游泳，骑自行车最后，他没有输给任何疾病他的身体只是无法继续了广可知作者的祖父一直坚持锻炼来保持身体健康，故选D.推理判断题根据第四段“Ifeelextremelythankfultohavehadtheopportunitytoknowmygrandfather.Intentionalornothetaughtmemanylessons.MygrandfathertaughtmetowaterskiwhenIwas5yearsoldandhetaughtmehowtosurfaboutadecadeafterthat.WheneverIthoughtitstoolatefbrmetostudyalanguageorgetbetteratpianohemadeitclearthatitsonlymyfearholdingmebacknotage.（我非常感谢有机会认识我的祖父不管有意无意，他给了我很多宝贵的课程我祖父在我5岁的时候教我滑水，大约10年后他又教我如何冲浪每当我觉得学一门语言或提高钢琴已经太晚的时候，他就会明确地告诉我，阻碍我的只是我的恐惧，而不是年龄户可知在我学习的时候，祖父给予我很多鼓励，因此我的祖父是鼓舞人心的，故选B.主旨大意题根据全文尤其是最后一段“Theselessonsmakelifemeaningfultome.Iprefertothinkofthemaslessonsforlivingapositivelifethatleavesapositiveimpressiononme.ThatissomethingIwillstrivetodo.ThankstomygrandfatherIhaveaprettygoodblueprinttofollow.SoIguessthebestthingIcanoffermychildrentofeelconnectedtothatmanisthelessonsIlearnedfromhim.（这些课程让我的生活变得有意义我更愿意把它们看作是积极生活的课程，给我留下积极的印象这是我要努力做到的多亏了我的祖父，我有了一个很好的蓝图可以遵循所以我想我能给我的孩子们的最好的东西就是我从他身上学到的东西）”可知全文都是对祖父的回忆，祖父教会了我很多宝贵的东西，故A选项符合文章大意，适合做标题，故选A.A

42.B

43.B

44.C【导语】这是一篇新闻报道文章主要讲述一对退休的西藏夫妇在晚年搬到拉萨城郊，在那里种葡萄并酿制葡萄酒，并为农村居民提供工作，促进了当地经济的发展.细节理解题根据第——段HuaShengandLuShengaretiredTibetancouplehavebecometrailblazers（开拓者）ofgrapegrowingandwinemakingintheiroldages.（HuaSheng和LuSheng是一对退休的藏族夫妇，在晚年已成为葡萄种植和酿酒的开拓者）”及第二段的“LuShenglearnedgrapeplantingandwinemakingfromhergrandmotherssister.SincetheyretiredthecouplehavemovedtoLhasafromthevillageofYakhadi.（LuSheng从祖母的姐姐那里学习葡萄种植和酿酒退休后，这对夫妇从Yakhadi村搬到了拉萨厂可知，这对夫妻在拉萨种植葡萄并酿制葡萄酒故选A.细节理解题根据第三段“Theyreceivedsupportfromthelocalgovernmentwhichiscommittedtodevelopingbusinessandtheeconomy.Thecouplesprojectprovidesjobsforruralresidentsandasaresultthegovernmenthasconsideredtheprojectpartofitspovertyreliefprogram.（他们得到了当地政府的支持，当地政府致力于发展商业和经济这对夫妇的项目为农村居民提供了就业机会，因此，政府已将该项目视为其扶贫计划的一部分广可知，因为他们的项目为农村居民提供工作，雇佣当地居民当工人，所以被当地政府认为是扶贫项目故选B.细节理解题根据第五段的“Anthocyaninswhichaccumulate（积累）ingrapecellsandcontributerichcolortowinearewater-soluble.（花青素在葡萄细胞中积累并为葡萄酒提供丰富的颜色，是水溶性的户可知，花青素为葡萄酒提供了丰富的颜色故选B.推理判断题根据最后一段YudronaresidentofNamsaidshewasgratefultothegrapeplantingprojectinhervillagewhichhascontributedtoherincomeandqualityoflife.（南村居民Yudron说，她彳艮感激村里的葡萄种植项目，该项目为她的收入和生活质量做出了贡献广推知，对于HuaSheng和LuSheng的葡萄种植项目，Yudron是心怀感激的故选C.D

46.D

47.C

48.B【导语】这是一篇新闻报道文章主要介绍了因为越来越多的美国人接种了新冠疫苗，亲人团聚越来越频繁，人们可以开始拥抱.细节理解题根据第四段第

一、—byApril39hergrandmother^95thbirthdayAlcantarahadbeenfullyvaccinated.Theycouldsafelyembrace.（但到4月3日，她祖母95岁生日时，阿尔坎塔拉已经完全接种了疫苗她们可以安全地拥抱）”可知，在四月三号，也就是她祖母95岁生日时，她们才可以健康地接触故选D.细节理解题根据第五段第一句话“Thosewhodeclaredthemselvesnon-huggersbefore2020saytheyvebeentransformedbyayearof“touchdeprivation（剥夺）”.（那些在2020年之前宣布自己不是拥抱者的人表示他们已经被一年的“触摸剥夺”所改变）”可知，一年来一直无法接触他人让那些在2020年之前宣布自己不拥抱的美国人改变了故选D.细节理解题根据第五段第

四、五句话“Mosthumansexpectphysicaltouchfromfriendsandfamilyandfeeltheyneedittomaintaintheircloserelationshipsexpertssay.Hugsareawayofsayinghelloofferingsupportaskingforlovesharingjoyandcommunicatingemotionsthatmaynotbetranslatedintowords.（专家表示，大多数人都希望朋友和家人的身体接触，并认为他们需要这种接触来维持亲密关系拥抱是一种打招呼、提供支持、寻求爱、分享喜悦和交流情感的方式，这些都可能无法用语言表达厂可知，相互拥抱是打招呼的方式，而且能够提供支持，分享快乐所以“寻求建议”不属于拥抱的好处故选C.主旨大意题文章主要介绍了因为越来越多的美国人接种了新冠疫苗，亲人团聚越来越频繁因为疫苗的接种，人们可以开始拥抱结合最后一段“Thatopenedthedoorforhugging.GrandmotherandgranddaughterplantorestarttheirSaturdaydates.Therewillbemorehugs.（这为拥抱打开了大门祖母和孙女计划重新开始周六的约会会有更多的拥抱户可知，B项“重新打开拥抱的大门“适合作本文的标题故选BmissionsisverymatureandreliableJWangadded.TemperaturecontrolAnotherchallengeforastronautsreturningtoEarthistravelingthroughtheatmosphere.Afterthere-entrycapsuleenterstheatmospherethereisfiercefrictionwiththeair.Thesurfacetemperatureofthecapsulecanreachthousandsofdegrees.Tosolvethisproblemtheresearchersdesignedaheat-resistantcoatingonthesurfaceoftheShenzhouXIIIreturncapsule.Theyalsolaidalayerofablativematerial（烧蚀材料）thatsublimated（升华）andfelloffwhenthetemperaturereachedacertainleveltakingalotofheatwithitaccordingtoPeoplesDailyOnline.LandingLandinguprightistheidealwaytolandensuringastronautshavethesoftestlandingPangZhihaoaspaceflightresearcherinBeijingtoldScienceandTechnologyDaily.5・WhatsthepurposeofthefirstparagraphA.Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.B・TointroduceZhaiZhigangWangYapingandYeGuangfu.Toinformreadersoftheastronauts9six-monthspacemission.TotellreadersaboutthesuccessfullandingoftheShenzhouXIII.HowlongdidShenzhouXIIIrevolvingaroundtheearthoncespendA.About

2.2hours.B.About3hours.C.About

1.8hours.D.Abouthalfanhour.WhataretherequirementsofsimplifyingtheShenzhouXIIImission©toreturnmoreefficiently

②tocontrolthespacecraftmoreprecisely

③tocalculateorbitmoreaccurately©totargetthelandingareaquickly

⑤toadjustitsaltitudeA.

①②③④B.

①②③⑤C.

①③④⑤D.

②③④⑤HowdidtheablativematerialtaketheheatA.Bydesigningaheat-resistantcoatingonthesurfaceoftheShenzhouXIII.B・Bymakingthesurfacetemperaturereachthousandsofdegrees.Bysublimatingandfallingoffwhenthetemperaturereachedalevel.Byputtingalayerofmaterialonthesurfaceonthespacecraft.（2021•广东广州•二模）WhentheChinesespacecraftChange-5returnedtoEarthonDecember172020itbroughtbacksomethingnotseenonourplanetsincethe1970s:moonrocksamples.ThispreciouscargocollectedbyChange-5sroboticresearchvehicleinthenorthwestregionofthelunarnearsideisnowbeingstudiedbyscientistsinBeijing.ThesuccessofthelatestChinesespacemissionalsoshowcasedtechnologythatmaybeusedinfutureyearstocreatehumansettlementsonEarthsnearneighbor.ThereturnedlunarsampleswillabsolutelyaddnewknowledgeofthehistoryofthemoonparticularlyitsvolcanoessaysXiaoLongaplanetaryscientistatChinaUniversityofGeosciences.TherockssentbackbyChange-5willaskustorethinkaboutwhyandhowthemoonsvolcanichistorylastedthislongJhesays.TheChange-5missionwasmorethanjustatriptocollectmoonrocks.ItwasalsothelateststageofalongplannedsequenceofroboticlunarexplorationsbyChinathathavegrownevermorescientificallyadvanced.Theprogrambeganwiththe2007launchofChange-1andChange-2threeyearslater.ThesecraftcircledthemooncollectingdatausedtohelpguideChange-3andChange-4thefirstChinesespacecrafttolandonthemoonsurfaceandtodirecttheirroboticvehicles.TherobotonChange-5wasabletocollectrockandsoilsamplesandreturnthemtoEarth.InthenearfutureanidenticalspacecraftcalledChange-6willattemptasample-returnmissionfromthemoonssouthpole—anareaofintensescientificinterest-giventhelargeamountofwatericepresent.ThemoreadvancedChange-7andChange-8spacecraftarealsoplannedtolandnearthesouthpoletocarryoutanalysisoftheregionandtestnewtechnologiesincludingdetectingandobtainingmaterialsthatcouldbeusefultofuturehumanexplorerssuchaswaterandhydrogenandtesting3Dprintingonthelunarsurface.Thelong-termaimoftheChangsprogramistoestablishanInternationalLunarResearchStationaround2030tosupportroboticandeventuallycrewedmissions.Whatisparagraph2mainlyaboutA.Themoonsrecentvolcanicactivities.B.Thesignificanceofthemoonrocksamples.C.Newknowledgeofthehistoryofthemoon.D.Furtherstudiesofthereturnedlunarsamples.WhatdistinguishesthemissionofChange-6fromthatofChange-5A.Thetechnologytheyuse.B.Thetimetheyspendonthemoon.C.Thespecificlocationstheyexplore.D.Theamountofmaterialtheybringback.Change-7andChange-8spacemissionsaremainlyintendedto.A・transportresearcherstothemoonstationB・buildupanInternationalLunarResearchStationcollectdatanecessarytoguidemoon-landingspacecraftfindandtestresourcesandmeanstosupportlivingonthemoonWhichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheChangsspaceprogramAprojecttostudythesurfaceofthemoon.B・Aplantoimprovehumansettlementsonthemoon.Asetofexperimentstotestthepossibilityofmannedspacecraft.Aseriesofincreasinglychallengingscientificlunarexplorations.2021•广东彳势山-一模SittingstraightathisdeskSamiSabeaallilturnsonthelightsplaceshismobilephoneonaselfiestickandstartsgreetinghisviewers.“HieveryonethisisSamiJhesaysinChinese.Iwillrecommendyousometoystonight...EverydaySamilivestreams网络直播onDouyinChinasdomesticversionofTikTokforoneortwohourspromotinghistoystoChinesebuyers.BasedinYiwuCitytheworldslargesttradingcenterfbrdailyconsumergoodsinEastChinasZhejiangProvincethe22-year-oldsaidheislikelythefirstforeignertogetintolivestreamsellinginYiwuandtakeadvantageofChinasskyrocketinge-commerceindustry.SamihasbeensellinghistoysonhisDouyinaccountsincelastJune.MostofhisvideosareabouthisproductsorshowhimhangingaroundYiwusmarketsandcrackingjokes.ForavideohepublishedlastOctoberheinviteddozensofforeignersfromvariouscountriestoexpresstheirloveforChinawhichgotnearly30000likes.AsayoungChinese-speakingforeignerSamiattractsmuchattentiononChinassocialmedia.Henowhasonlyabout28000followersonDouyinbuthisgoalistohave10millionfollowerswithintwoyears.TheCOVID-19pandemicisseverelyhittingtheeconomyofmanycountriesandhascausedgreatlossesamongYiwusproducersandsuppliers.SamidecidedtotrylivestreamingandlookfbrmoreChinesedomesticbuyersviaDouyin.AsanownerofaYiwu-basedtoycompanySamiusedtohavehalfofhisordersfromoverseas.HoweveroverseasordershavenotbeensatisfactoryinthepastyearsoheisgraduallyshiftinghisbusinesstoChinesemarketastheepidemicsituationinChinahaslargelyimproved.AfewpotentialbuyershavereachedSamiandoneofthemboughtover100000yuan$14860oftoysfromhimwhichSamidescribedasagoodbeginning/9SamiisnottheonlyforeignerinYiwuinterestedinlivestreamingpromotion.AccordingtoYiwuIndustrialandCommercialCollegequiteafewofits140overseasstudentssaytheywilltrylivestreaminge-commerceindustryaftergraduation.ThecollegeisofferingitsoverseasstudentscoursesonChinaslivestreamsellingmarketwhichincludehowtoattractmorefollowershowtoselectsuitableproductshowtointeractwithaudiencesandhowtoshootandeditshortvideos.WhydidSamistartlivestreamingA.Toincreasethesalesofhistoys.B・Tobuildareputationinhisfield.C.TocatchupwiththeInternettrend.D.Tobethefirstforeignlivestreamer.WhatdoweknowaboutSamisvideosonDouyinA.Theymadehimworldfamous.B・TheyshowedhisloveforChina.Theyattractedanumberoffollowers.TheyrecordedpeopleslivesinYiwu..WhatistheconsequenceofCOVID-19forSamiA.Hehascloseddownhistoycompany.B・Hisoverseasordersdecreasedbyhalf.C・Thenumberofhisfollowershasfallensharply.D.HemakeseffortstoattractmoreChinesebuyers.WhatisthefunctionofthelastparagraphA.Toprovidebackgroundinformation.B・Tosummarizethepreviousparagraphs.C.Tointroduceanewtopicfordiscussion.D.Tocallonpeopletousemorelivestream.（2022•山东省实验中学模拟预测）Arecordsurgeinthecreationofmarineprotectedareashastakentheinternationalcommunityclosetoitsgoalofcreatingnaturerefugeson17%oftheworldslandand10%ofseasby2020accordingtoanewUNreport.ProtectedregionsnowcovermorethanfivetimestheterritoryoftheUSbuttheauthorssaidthisgoodnewswasoftenunderminedbypoorenforcement.Somereservesarelittlemorethan“paperparks“withlittlevaluetonatureconservation.Atleastonehasbeenturnedintoanindustrialzone.Morethan27msquarekilometresofseas7%ofthetotaland20msqkmofland15%ofthetotalnowhaveprotectedstatusaccordingtotheProtectedPlanetreportwhichwasreleasedonSundayattheUNbiodiversityconferenceinSharmel-SheikhEgypt.Almostallofthegrowthhasbeeninmarineregionsmostnotablywiththecreationlastyearoftheworldsbiggestprotectedarea:the2msqkmRossSeareserveone-fifthofwhichisintheAntarctic.Theno-fishingzonewillbemanagedbyNewZealandandtheUS.“Wehaveseenanenormousexpansioninthepasttwoyears.Thereisnowmoremarineprotectedareathanterrestrialwhichnobodywouldhavepredicted/5saidKathyMcKinnonoftheInternationalUnionfortheConservationofNature.IthinkwellcontinuetoseeasubstantialincreaseIdguesstoatleast10%inthenearfuture.^TheUNconventiononbiologicaldiversitysaysithasreceivednationalcommitmentsforanadditional

4.5msqkmoflandand16msqkmofoceanstobegivenprotectedstatusinthenexttwoyears.Thiswouldputitoncoursetoachieveoneofthekeyaimsofthe2010Aichibiodiversitytargets.“Thisisthetargetwiththemostprogress.Inanoceanofbadnewsaboutbiodiversitylossandeco-destructionitisimportanttohighlightthatprogressthoughwestillhavealotmoretodotoensurenotjustthequantitivetargetbuttheeffectivenessofthemanagementsaidCristianaPascaPalmertheheadofUNBiodiversity.Thecreationofprotectedareashasnotbeenenoughtohaltacollapseofspeciesandecosystemsthatthreatenscivilisation.Since1970humanityhaswipedout60%ofmammalbirdfishandreptilepopulationswithadangerousknock-onimpactonfoodproductionfisheriesandclimatestability.Protectedareasareimportantrefugesfromthiswaveofextinctionsbutmanyareunderfundedandpoorlypoliced.OnlyoneinfivehaveprovidedmanagementassessmentstotheUNwhichhasraisedquestionsabouttheviabilityoftherest.NaomiKingstonofUNenvironmentworldconservationmonitoringcentresaid:ThereisaracetodeliveronAichitarget

11.Itisfantasticthatcountriesarecomingwithmoreambitionbutnotifitisjustanumberwithoutsubstance.“Someareasthathavebeenreportedtousasprotectedareashavebeencompletelybuiltover.Weneeddatasetstodefinewhichareasarepaperparksandwhicharereal.”DevelopingnationshavebetterreportingstandardsbecausemanyareobligedtoprovideregularassessmentsinordertoqualifyforfundsfromtheGlobalEnvironmentFund.Bycontrastmanywealthiernationsdevotefewresourcestomonitoring.Discussionswillfocusonanewmoreflexiblecategoryforcommunitylandthatisusedbylocalsforbothagriculturalproductionandwildlifeconservation.InAfricaAsiaandLatinAmericathisisamodelthathasoftenhelpedimprovebiodiversitybecauseresidents-oftenfromindigenouscommunities-livecloselywithnatureandhaveaninterestinprotectingit.WhatpromotestheachievementofthegoalsofmarinenaturereservesA.Poormanagementofmarineprotectedareas.B・Lossofbiodiversityandecologicaldestruction.C.Rapidgrowthinthenumberofmarineprotectedareas.D.CommitmentsintheUnitedNationsConventiononBiologicalDiversity.Whatimpactdoestheestablishmentofpaperparks^haveonprotectedareasA.Theyhavepromotedtheexpansionofmarineprotectedareas.B・Theyhavelittlevaluefornatureconservation.C.Theyallturnintoindustrialzones.D.Theywillslowdownthecollapseofecosystems.AccordingtothepassagewhatisKathyMcKinnonspointofviewA.NewZealandandtheUnitedStatesregulatefishing-banzones.B・Inthenearfuturethenumberofmarinerefugeswillincreasebyatleast10%.Thequantityandmanagementqualityofmarinerefugesareequallyimportant.ManycountrieshaveambitionstoachieveAichi

11.WhatdoesthispassagemainlytalkaboutArecordedsurgeinthecreationofmarineprotectedareas.B・DevelopingcountriesmayreceivefundingfromtheGlobalEnvironmentFacility.TheIncreaseofmarinerefugesandtheviewsofrelevantpersonnel.AchievingAichi11Goal.（2022・山东•济南市历城第二中学模拟预测）Thesunkcosteffectistheongoinginvestmentoftimemoneyandeffortthatanindividualmakesinanyattemptevenifrationallytheresultsappearunpromising.Whenanyindividualhasalreadymadeaninvestmentoftimemoneyoreffortitbecomesdifficulttowithdrawfromthetask.Anerrorofjudgementoccurswhenwefailtocutourlosses-thesunkcost.Thesimplestmethodofbeatingthiserrorofjudgementistosimplystopinvestingwhenitsnotproducingresults.Astheage-oldproverbgoesWhycryoversplitmilkButwestillcantseemtodoit!WhyPeopleperceivethesameamountoflossesandgainsinadifferentlight.Thismeansthatthesameamountoflosseswillhurtmorethananequalamountofgain.Forexampleifabusinessisgoingthroughheavylossesonemustdecidetoeithershutitdownorcontinue.Shuttingitdownisadefinitelossofmoneytimeandeffort.Peoplebecomerisk-seekingwhentheyarefacingadefiniteloss.Theywillpumpmoremoneyasagambletoachieveapositiveoutcome.Ifthereisapositiveoutcomeandthebusinessstartsmakingaprofitthishasgiventhemahigherutility效用thansimplymakingprofitsfromthebeginning.Theymanagedtoriseupfromaheavylosstherebygivinghighersatisfactionaboutthedecisiontocontinueinvesting.Wehoweverwillnotchoosetohonorsunkcostsoneveryoccasion.Thisisespeciallytrueinthecaseofinsurance.Lefssaythatyouhavetakenhomeinsuranceandprobablyneverusedit.Youarenotgoingtoburnyourhousedownjustsoyoucanutilizeyourhouseinsurance.Whatdoestheunderlinedworditinparagraph2probablyrefertoA.Cryingoversplitmilk.B.Stoppinginvesting.C.Refusingjudgement.D.Keepingfinishingthetask.WhichofthefollowingsituationsmayleadtosunkcostA.Goingoninvestingwhenyoursalesareincreasing.B・Breakingupwiththosewhoarentinterestedinyou.C.Continuingeatingorderedfoodevenifittastesbad.D.Keepingonworkingoutwhenyourealittlethinner.WhatmightbethemaincauseofsunkeffectA・Fearoflossandexpectationforbetter.B.Spiritofadventureandunwisedecision.C.Endlessdesireandambition.D.Positiveattitudeandbehavior.Whyis“houseinsurance^^mentionedinthelastparagraphA.Todescribe.B.Topersuade.C.Toargue.D.Toexplain.2022•山东荷泽•二模ScientistsinAustraliaaretestingprintedsolarpanelstopoweraTeslaona15100-kilometer9400-milejourneybeginninginSeptemberwhichtheyhopewillgetthepublicthinkingaboutstepstohelppreventclimatechange.TheChargeAroundAustraliaCAAprojectwillpoweraTeslaelectriccarwith18oftheteamsprintedplasticsolarpanelseach18meters59feetlongrollingthemoutbesidethevehicletoabsorbsunlightwhenitneedsa。