高考英语三轮复习阅读理解七选五冲刺训练：说明文篇

高考英语三轮复习阅读理解七选五冲刺训练说明文篇

21、如何做到积极倾听【文章题目】Hearingsomeonetalkisdifferentfromactivelylisteningtowhatthatpersonissaying.Activelisteningrequiresconcentrationandunderstanding.41AcknowledgetheSpeaker42Byacknowledgingthespeakeryouarelettingthemknowthatyouarelisteningtowhattheyhavetosayandremindingyourselftopayattentiontowhatisbeingsaidtoyou..RespondVerballyAskingquestionsormakingstatementsmayhelpclarifywhatthespeakerissaying.Itremindsthespeakerthatyouarelisteningattentivelyandthatyouareheretohelpthemandaretrulyconcerned.43SummarizeWhatYouHearReflectingonwhatthelistenerissayingisalsoapositiveverbalactivelisteningtechnique.44Usephraseslike;whatImhearing...”or“soundslikeyouresaying，・・・Thesetacticscanalsoallowthespeakertohearwhattheyaresayingwhichmayhelpthemfindpositivereinforcement.StayFocused45Beingdistractedandunfocusedgivesthespeakertheimpressionthatyouarentpayingattention.Whenyouactivelylistentosomeoneyouarelettingthemknowthatyoucareaboutwhattheyaresayingandcanindicatethatyouareconcernedfortheirhealthandsafety.A.Thiscanbeassimpleasaheadnodoran“Uhhuh.”

2、【题目】ItsinYourHandsFeedingbreadtotheducksisafondpastimeformanyofusremindingusofhappychildhoodtripstothelocalpark.]EatingitcancauseourfeatheredfriendstodevelopaconditioncalledAngelWingwhichiswhentoomuchbreadmakesbirdsfeathersgrowtooquickly.Thisadditionalweightputsastrainontheirmusclescausingtheirwingstotwistanddropopen.“AngelWingcanbecuredifwereachbirdsbeforeithasdevelopedtooseverely“saysCarolineSimpsonatrusteeofUKcharitySwanLifeline2Overthelast20yearsUKcharitySwanLifelinehasrescuedandtreatedmorethan30000birds.Adultswanscandevelopheartdiseasebyeatingmuchbreadsoitsimportantthatwedoourbesttopreventthisbyfeedingthemtherightkindoffood.Rottenbreadatthebottomofriversandlakesallowsbacteriatobreedspreadingdiseaseandattractingratsandotherpeststoourwaterwayswhichcanresultinthepresenceofamould（霉菌）calledAspergillus.Ithasthepotentialtokillwaterfowlandotherwildlifeifitgetsintotheirlungs.Definitelynot.WildThingsSwanamp;DuckFoodhaslaunchedthe“BetterthanBread”Campaigntohighlighttheriskofacalorificdiettowaterbirds.Thecampaignadvisesthattherearemuchhealthieralternativestobreadsuchasspeciallydevelopedfeeds.Theycanfloatonthewatersurfacesobirdscanenjoyeverylastbit.5A.Sowemuststopfeedingtheducks.ButdidyouknowthatbreadactuallyputsbirdsindangerDoesthismeanwehavetostopfuntripstofeedtheducksBreadcanalsocauseharmfulchangestothenaturalecosystem.Whatasceneitistowatchduckseatingbreadfloatingontheriver!F.Otherwisetheconsequencescanbeserious—suchasthelossofthewing.Nexttimetakeahealthieralternativeanddoyourbittoprotectourpreciouswildlife.【答案解析】【答案】

1.B

2.F

3.D

4.C

5.G根据下文EatingitcancauseourfeatheredfriendstodevelopaconditioncalledAngelWingwhichiswhentoomuchbreadmakesbirdsfeathersgrowtooquickly.Thisadditionalweightputsastrainontheirmusclescausingtheirwingstotwistanddropopen.（吃面包会导致我们有羽毛的朋友患上一种叫做“天使翅膀”的疾病，也就是吃太多面包会让鸟儿的羽毛长得太快这些额外的重量对它们的肌肉造成了压力，导致它们的翅膀扭曲和张开）可知，面包会给鸟类带来一些伤害由此可知，B.Butdidyouknowthatbreadactuallyputsbirdsindanger（但是你知道面包实际上会使鸟类处于危险之中吗？）能够引领下文，符合语境故选B根据上文AngelWingcanbecuredifwereachbirdsbeforeithasdevelopedtooseverely（如果我们在鸟类的翅膀发展过于严重之前接触它们，它们的翅膀是可以治愈的）可知F.Otherwisetheconsequencescanbeserious一suchasthelossofthewing.（否则后果会很严重，比如失去翅膀）与之承接自然，符合语境故选F根据下文Rottenbreadatthebottomofriversandlakesallowsbacteriatobreedspreadingdiseaseandattractingratsandotherpeststoourwaterwayswhichcanresultinthepresenceofamould（霉菌）calledAspergillus.Ithasthepotentialtokillwaterfowlandotherwildlifeifitgetsintotheirlungs.（在河底和湖底腐烂的面包可以滋生细菌，传播疾病，吸引老鼠和其他害虫到我们的水路，这可能导致一种叫做曲霉菌的存在如果曲霉菌进入禽和其他野生动物的肺里，它有可能杀死它们）可知，D.Breadcanalsocauseharmfulchangestothenaturalecosystem.（面包也会对自然生态系统造成有害的变化）能够引领下文，符合语境故选D根据下文Definitelynot.WildThingsSwanamp;DuckFoodhaslaunchedthe“BetterthanBread“Campaigntohighlighttheriskofacalorificdiettowaterbirds.（当然不是野生动物天鹅鸭食品公司发起了“比面包更好”的活动，以强调高热量饮食对水鸟的危害）可知，此处应该是对是否不能再喂鸭子进彳亍提问C.Doesthismeanwehavetostopfuntripstofeedtheducks（这是否意味着我们必须停止好玩的旅行去喂鸭子？）能够引领下文，符合语境故选C.根据上文Thecampaignadvisesthattherearemuchhealthieralternativestobreadsuchasspeciallydevelopedfeeds.Theycanfloatonthewatersurfacesobirdscanenjoyeverylastbit.（该活动建议，有比面包更健康的替代品，比如特别开发的饲料它们可以漂浮在水面上，所以鸟儿们可以尽情地享受它们）可知G.Nexttimetakeahealthieralternativeanddoyourbittoprotectourpreciouswildlife.（下一次，选择一个更健康的替代品，尽你的一份力量来保护我们珍贵的野生动物）能够承接上文，符合语境其中ahealthieralternative与原文中的healthieralternatives相对应故选G【完整原文】Feedingbreadtotheducksisafondpastimeformanyofusremindingusofhappychildhoodtripstothelocalpark.ButdidyouknowthatbreadactuallyputsbirdsindangerEatingitcancauseourfeatheredfriendstodevelopaconditioncalledAngelWingwhichiswhentoomuchbreadmakesbirdsfeathersgrowtooquickly.Thisadditionalweightputsastrainontheirmusclescausingtheirwingstotwistanddropopen.uAngelWingcanbecuredifwereachbirdsbeforeithasdevelopedtooseverely“saysCarolineSimpsonatrusteeofUKcharitySwanLifelineuOtherwisetheconsequencescanbeserious一suchasthelossofthewing.Overthelast20yearsUKcharitySwanLifelinehasrescuedandtreatedmorethan30000birds.Adultswanscandevelopheartdiseasebyeatingmuchbreadsoitsimportantthatwedoourbesttopreventthisbyfeedingthemtherightkindoffood.Breadcanalsocauseharmfulchangestothenaturalecosystem.Rottenbreadatthebottomofriversandlakesallowsbacteriatobreedspreadingdiseaseandattractingratsandotherpeststoourwaterwayswhichcanresultinthepresenceofamould霉菌calledAspergillus.Ithasthepotentialtokillwaterfowlandotherwildlifeifitgetsintotheirlungs.DoesthismeanwehavetostopfuntripstofeedtheducksDefinitelynot.WildThingsSwanDuckFoodhaslaunchedtheuBetterthanBread”Campaigntohighlighttheriskofacalorificdiettowaterbirds.Thecampaignadvisesthattherearemuchhealthieralternativestobreadsuchasspeciallydevelopedfeeds.Theycanfloatonthewatersurfacesobirdscanenjoyeverylastbit.Nexttimetakeahealthieralternativeanddoyourbittoprotectourpreciouswildlife.【重点词汇词组】Feedingv.喂养Breadn.面包Ducksn.鸭子Pastimen.消遣，娱乐活动Childhoodn.童年时期，幼年时期Localadj.当地的，本地的Dangern.危险Conditionn.状况、情况AngelWing天使翅膀一种鸟类疾病Feathersn.羽毛Weightn.重量Musclesn.肌肉Twistv.扭曲Dropopen张开Curev.治愈Trusteen.受托人，理事Charityn.慈善机构SwanLifeline天鹅救助基金Severelyadv.严重地，剧烈地Consequencen.后果，结果Lossn.损失Heartdisease心脏病Preventionn.预防Harmfuladj.有害的伤害的Ecosystemn.生态系统Rottenadj.腐烂的Bacterian.细菌Breedv.繁殖，滋生Spreadingn.扩散Diseasen.疾病，病症Attractv.吸引Ratn.老鼠Pestn.害虫，有害生物Waterwaysn.水路，水道Mouldn.霉菌Potentialadj.潜在的，可能的Killv.杀死Wildlifen.野生动物Tripsn.出游，旅行Calorificadj.富含热量的Acknowledgewhatthespeakersays承认说话人的话Respondverballyornon-verbally口头回应Askingquestionsormakingcomments提问或发表评论Reflectonwhatissaid反思你所听到的Stayfocused保持专注【全文逐句对照翻译】对我们许多人来说，给鸭子喂面包是一种喜欢的消遣，让我们想起童年去当地公园的快乐之旅Feedingbreadtotheducksisafondpastimeformanyofusremindingusofhappychildhoodtripstothelocalpark.但你知道面包实际上会让鸟类处于危险之中吗？Butdidyouknowthatbreadactuallyputsbirdsindanger吃面包会让我们的有羽毛的朋友患上一种叫做“天使翼”的疾病，也就是说，太多的面包会让鸟类的羽毛长得太快EatingitcancauseourfeatheredfriendstodevelopaconditioncalledAngelWingwhichiswhentoomuchbreadmakesbirdsfeathersgrowtooquickly.这种额外的重量会对它们的肌肉造成压力，导致它们的翅膀扭曲并张开Thisadditionalweightputsastrainontheirmusclescausingtheirwingstotwistanddropopen.英国慈善机构天鹅生命线SwanLifeline的受托人卡洛琳•辛普森CarolineSimpson说“如果我们能在病情发展得太严重之前及时治疗，‘天使之翼就能治愈否则后果可能会很严重一一比如失去翅膀JuAngelWingcanbecuredifwereachbirdsbeforeithasdevelopedtooseverely“saysCarolineSimpsonatrusteeofUKcharitySwanLifeline“Otherwisetheconsequencescanbeserious—suchasthelossofthewing.在过去的20年里，英国慈善机构天鹅生命线已经拯救和治疗了3万多只鸟Overthelast20yearsUKcharitySwanLifelinehasrescuedandtreatedmorethan30000birds.成年天鹅会因吃太多面包而患上心脏病，所以我们必须通过给它们喂正确的食物来尽最大努力防止这种情况的发生Adultswanscandevelopheartdiseasebyeatingmuchbreadsoitsimportantthatwedoourbesttopreventthisbyfeedingthemtherightkindoffood.面包也会对自然生态系统造成有害的变化Breadcanalsocauseharmfulchangestothenaturalecosystem.河底和湖底的腐烂面包使细菌滋生，传播疾病，吸引老鼠和其他害虫到我们的水道，这可能导致一种叫做曲霉的霉菌（霉1的存在Rottenbreadatthebottomofriversandlakesallowsbacteriatobreedspreadingdiseaseandattractingratsandotherpeststoourwaterwayswhichcanresultinthepresenceofamould（霉菌）calledAspergillus.如果它进入水禽和其他野生动物的肺部，它有可能杀死它们Ithasthepotentialtokillwaterfowlandotherwildlifeifitgetsintotheirlungs.这是否意味着我们必须停止有趣的旅行去喂鸭子？Doesthismeanwehavetostopfuntripstofeedtheclucks绝对不会Definitelynot.野生动物天鹅鸭食品公司发起了一项“比面包好”的活动，以强调高热量饮食对水鸟的危害WildThingsSwanDuckFoodhaslaunchedthe“BetterthanBreadvCampaigntohighlighttheriskofacalorificdiettowaterbirds.该运动建议，有比面包健康得多的替代品，比如专门开发的饲料Thecampaignadvisesthattherearemuchhealthieralternativestobreadsuchasspeciallydevelopedfeeds.它们可以漂浮在水面上，这样鸟类就可以尽情享受了Theycanfloatonthewatersurfacesobirdscanenjoyeverylastbit.下次选择更健康的选择，为保护我们珍贵的野生动物尽自己的一份力量Nexttimetakeahealthieralternativeanddoyourbittoprotectourpreciouswildlife.Keepingeyecontactmaintaininggoodpostureandstayingfocusedarekeycomponentsofactivelisteningandinterpersonalcommunication.Itcanalloweveryoneinvolvedtoseewhatnextstepsneedtobetaken.Improvingyourlisteningskillsiseasytodowithpracticeandthesehelpfultips.Byrepeatingparaphrasingorevensummarizingwhatthespeakerhassaidshowsthatyouareputtinginefforttobetterunderstandthem.Listenwithempathyandprovidesupport.Besuretoletthespeakerfinishtalkingbeforeaskinganyquestions.【答案解析】【答案】

1.D

2.A

3.G

4.E

5.B.空格前说“Activelisteningrequiresconcentrationandunderstanding.（积极倾听需要专注和理解）”，空格后讲了四个方法，因此空格处承上启下，引出如何能够积极倾听，D选项“Improvingyourlisteningskillsiseasytodowithpracticeandthesehelpfultips.（提高你的听力技巧是很容易的，通过练习和这些有用的技巧）”引出了下文的一些方法，因此D选项承上启下，符合语境，故选D.本段小标题是“AcknowledgetheSpeaker（承认说话人）”，也就是要对说话人表示认同，A选项“Thiscanbeassimpleasaheadnodoran“Uhhuh.”（这可以像点头或“嗯哼”一样简单）”中的“点头或“嗯哼””都是同意他人的方法，因此A选项符合本段主题，因此符合语境，故选A*空格前说“Askingquestionsormakingstatementsmayhelpclarifywhatthespeakerissaying.（问问题或做陈述可以帮助阐明说话者所说的）”，空格处应继续说到问问题时要注意什么，G选项“Besuretoletthespeakerfinishtalkingbeforeaskinganyquestions.（在问任彳可问题之前，——定要让演讲者说完）”说明了问问题时的注意事项，也就是要等说话人说完以后再问问题，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G.空格前说“Reflectingonwhatthelistenerissayingisalsoapositiveverbalactivelisteningtechnique.（对听者所说的话进行思考也是一种积极的口头倾听技巧）”因此此处是说要思考说话人所说的话E选项“Byrepeatingparaphrasingorevensummarizingwhatthespeakerhassaidshowsthatyouareputtinginefforttobetterunderstandthem.（通过重复、解释甚至总结说话者所说的话，表明你正在努力更好地理解他们）”说明了你可以通过重复、解释甚至总结说话者所说的话来表明你在思考并尝试理解说话人所说的话，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E.本段小标题是“StayFocused（保持专注）”B选项“Keepingeyecontactmaintaininggoodpostureandstayingfocusedarekeycomponentsofactivelisteningandinterpersonalcommunication.（保持眼神交流，保持良好的姿势，保持专注是积极倾听和人际交流的关键组成部分）”中的“stayingfocused和小标题内容相符合，且说明了保持专注很重要，因此B选项符合语境，故选B【完整原文】Hearingsomeonetalkisdifferentfromactivelylisteningtowhatthatpersonissaying.Activelisteningrequiresconcentrationandunderstanding.Improvingyourlisteningskillsiseasytodowithpracticeandthesehelpfultips.assimpleasaheadnodoran“Uhhuh.Byacknowledgingyouarelettingthemknowthatyouarelisteningtowhattheyhavetosayandremindingyourselftopayattentiontowhatisbeingsaidtoyou.RespondVerballyBesuretoletthespeakerfinishtalkingbeforeaskinganyquestions.Askingquestionsormakingstatementsmayhelpclarifywhatthespeakerissaying.Itremindsthespeakerthatyouarelisteningattentivelyandthatyouareheretohelpthemandaretrulyconcerned.SummarizeWhatYouHearReflectingonwhatthelistenerissayingisalsoapositiveverbalactivelisteningtechnique.Byrepeatingparaphrasingorevensummarizingwhatthespeakerhassaidshowsthatyouareputtinginefforttobetterunderstandthem.Usephraseslike;whatImhearing...”or“soundslikeyouresaying....Thesetacticscanalsoallowthespeakertohearwhattheyaresayingwhichmayhelpthemfindpositivereinforcement.StayFocusedKeepingeyecontactmaintaininggoodpostureandstayingfocusedarekeycomponentsofactivelisteningandinterpersonalcommunication.Beingdistractedandunfocusedgivesthespeakertheimpressionthatyouarentpayingattention.Whenyouactivelylistentosomeoneyouarelettingthemknowthatyoucareaboutwhattheyaresayingandcanindicatethatyouareconcernedfortheirhealthandsafety.Listenwithempathyandprovidesupport.Itcanalloweveryoneinvolvedtoseewhatnextstepsneedtobetaken.【重点词汇词组】hearing-n.听觉listening-n.听；聆听active-adj.积极的；主动的concentration-n.注意力;集中understanding-n.理解；理解能力improve-v.改进;提高eyecontact-目光接触posture-n.姿势；体态focus-n.焦点；注意力component-n.成分；构成部分interpersonal-adj.人际关系的communication-n.沟通acknowledge-v.承认；确认nod-v.点头verbally-adv.口头上的clarify-v.澄清；阐明concerned-adj.关心的empathy-n.同，情provide-v.提供reflecting-adj.反射的repeating-adj.重复的paraphrasing-n.改写summarizing-n.总结effort-n.努力reinforcement-n.强化；加固distracted-adj.注意力分散的impression-n.E[]象indicate-v.表示；指出safety-n.安全finish-v.结束steps-n.步骤technique-n.技工5reminder-n.提醒人、事物positive-adj.积极的，肯定的helpful-adj.有帮助的clarifying-adj.澄清的concerned-adj忧虑的；担忧的concentration-n.浓度，集中paraphrase-vt.转述；解释summarize-vt.vi.总结perception-n.知觉，感受verbal-adj.口头的attentive-adj.注意的insight-n.见识；洞察力reinforcement-n.增强，加固comprehension-n.理解，领悟interpretation-n.解释，说明acknowledgement-n.承认接受authenticity-n.真实性，确实性dialogue-n.对话【逐句对照翻译】根据给出的答案，把对应的句子填入文章中:根据给出的答案，把对应的句子填入文章中:提高你的主动倾听技巧ImprovingYourActiveListeningSkills听别人说话和积极倾听别人说的话是不同的Hearingsomeonetalkisdifferentfromactivelylisteningtowhatthatpersonissaying.积极倾听需要专注和理解Activelisteningrequiresconcentrationandunderstanding.通过练习和这些有用的建议，提高听力技能是很容易做到的Improvingyourlisteningskillsiseasytodowithpracticeandthesehelpfultips.感谢演讲者AcknowledgetheSpeaker这可以像点头或“嗯哼”一样简单Thiscanbeassimpleasaheadnodoran“Uhhuh.”通过承认说话者，你让他们知道你在听他们说的话，并提醒自己注意他们对你说的话Byacknowledgingthespeakeryouarelettingthemknowthatyouarelisteningtowhattheyhavetosayandremindingyourselftopayattentiontowhatisbeingsaidtoyou.口头回应RespondVerbally一定要等讲话者讲完再问问题Besuretoletthespeakerfinishtalkingbeforeaskinganyquestions.提问或陈述可以帮助澄清说话者所说的内容Askingquestionsormakingstatementsmayhelpclarifywhatthespeakerissaying.它提醒讲话者你在认真倾听，你是来帮助他们的，你是真正关心他们的Itremindsthespeakerthatyouarelisteningattentivelyandthatyouareheretohelpthemandaretrulyconcerned.总结你听到的内容SummarizeWhatYouHear反思听者所说的话也是一种积极的口头主动倾听技巧Reflectingonwhatthelistenerissayingisalsoapositiveverbalactivelisteningtechnique.通过重复、改写甚至总结说话人所说的话，表明你正在努力更好地理解他们Byrepeatingparaphrasingorevensummarizingwhatthespeakerhassaidshowsthatyouareputtinginefforttobetterunderstandthem.使用像这样的短语；Usephraseslike;“我听到的是……“whatImhearing...或者，“听起来你在说.•・・二“or“soundslikeyouresaying.”这些策略也可以让说话者听到他们在说什么，这可能有助于他们找到积极的强化Thesetacticscanalsoallowthespeakertohearwhattheyaresayingwhichmayhelpthemfindpositivereinforcement.保持专注StayFocused保持目光接触，保持良好的姿势，保持专注是积极倾听和人际沟通的关键组成部分Keepingeyecontactmaintaininggoodpostureandstayingfocusedarekeycomponentsofactivelisteningandinterpersonalcommunication.心烦意乱、注意力不集中会给说话人留下你没有注意听讲的印象Beingdistractedandunfocusedgivesthespeakertheimpressionthatyouarentpayingattention.当你积极倾听别人的时候，你让他们知道你关心他们所说的话，并且可以表明你关心他们的健康和安全Whenyouactivelylistentosomeoneyouarelettingthemknowthatyoucareaboutwhattheyaresayingandcanindicatethatyouareconcernedfortheirhealthandsafety.带着同理心倾听并提供支持Listenwithempathyandprovidesupport.它可以让每个参与的人看到下一步需要采取什么措施Itcanalloweveryoneinvolvedtoseewhatnextstepsneedtobetaken.。