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Unit2Whattimedoyougotoschool七年级英语下册必备知识清单
一、词汇知识清单I、课标词汇[注意英译汉]up[ap]adv.向上getup起床;站起dress[dres]v.穿衣服n.连衣裙getdressed穿上衣服brush[brAf]v.刷;刷净n.刷子tooth|tu0]n.(pLteeth[ti6])牙齿shower[faus]n.v.淋浴;n.淋浴器(间)takeashower淋浴;洗澡usuallyl*ju3uolijadv.通常地;一般地forty[*fo(r)ti]num.四十wow[wau]interj.(表示惊奇或敬佩)哇;呀never[^evs]adv.从来;绝不early[3li]adv.adj.早(的)fiftyfflftl]num.五十job[d3Db]n.工作;职业work[w3k]n.v.工作station[*steif(o)n]n.电(视)台;车站radiostation广播电台o*clockadv.(表示整点)点钟night[nait]n.晚上;夜晚funny[Yam]adj.奇怪的;滑稽好笑的exercise[eksosaiz]v.n.锻炼;练习onweekends(在)周末best[best]adj.最好的adv.最好地;最例如810〜tenpasteight八点一十分,八点超过十分钟413〜thirteenpastfour四点十三分,四点超过十三分钟1020〜twentypastten十点二十分,十点超过二十分钟
②分钟数等于30时,用half表示half意为几点半即分钟数+half+钟点数例如630〜halfpastsix六点半,六点超过三十分钟330〜halfpastthree三点半,三点超过三十分钟830〜halfpasteight八点半,八点超过三十分钟
③分钟数超过30时,用to表示,to意为几点钟差几分钟,即所差分钟数(60-原有分钟数)+to+下一时刻(原有钟点数+1)例如11:50〜tentotwelveH—点五十分,十二点差十分钟840〜twentytonine八点四十分,九点差二十分钟556〜fourtosix五点五十六分,六点差四分钟注意当分钟数等于15时,顺读用fifteen逆读用aquarterpast/to+钟点数例如:915顺读ninefifteen逆读aquarterpastnine745顺读ninefifteen逆读aquartertoeight
(二)when和whattime引导的特殊疑问句
1.when和whattime的区别when什么时候,既可以用来询问年月日,(对时间段提问),又可以问具体时间点,(对时间点提问)whattime什么时候询问具体时间点,几点几分(对时间点提问)询问时间:Whattimeisit=Whatsthetime现在几点了?回答Its+时间例如
①Whenisyourbirthday你的生日是什么时候?ItsonMay1st.五月一日
②Whattimedoyouusuallygetup(=Whendoyouusuallygetup)你通常什么时候起床?1usuallygetupatsixthirty.我通常六点半起床
2.句型Whattimedo/doessb.dosth.Whendo/doessb.dosth.
(三)
三、时间介词inonat的用法at+具体时刻几点几分(小的时间)in+年份/月份/季节/早中晚/固定搭配(大的时间)on+具体某一天,几月几号/星期/某一天的上下午/有形容词修饰的时间atseven在七点atnight在在晚上;在夜里atnoon在正午in2023在2023年inJuly在七月insummer在夏天inthemorning在早上onMay1st在五月一日onMonday在星期一onMondayafternoon在星期一的下午onasunnymorning在一个晴朗的早晨逆读
三、语篇知识清单本单元主要话题是谈论自己和他人的日常活动在写作上要求学生根据本单元所学来写书信、日记、活动介绍、行程介绍等同时要求正确使用频率副词neversometimesusuallyalways和时间表达日常生活的习惯写作过程中可以使用时间先后顺序叙事,同时注意时态以及数词的准确运用写作步骤步骤一在第一部分直奔主题,可简单使用一句话来描述主题步骤二在第二部分按照时间先后顺序讲活动或行动介绍完整步骤三结尾可用感叹句进行结尾【审清题目】内容3W谁(who)在什么时候(whattime/when)做了什么事(what)□看清要求,不要有遗漏文体日记,记叙文人称第一人称I或we;第二人称you;第三人称he/she/they【头脑风暴】引出话题►Ifsaday./Ihaveaday.Inthemorning/aftemoon/eveningFirst/then/finallyneversometimesusuallyalwaysoclock【提供素材】♦语块♦句型Iusually/never/sometimes/alwaysthenAfterreadingbooks/havingdinner/brushingmyteethIIeitherorIfsnotusefulforIneverbecauseitsWhenIgethomeIIthinkitsuseful/healthy/good/importantforsb.toWhatabusy/happy/relaxing/lovelyday!Whatabusy/happy/relaxing/lovelydayIhave!Howbusy/happy/relaxing/lovelythedayis!【谋篇布局】,Ialwaysgetupatsixinthemorning.Iliketogetupearly\andthenIlistentoEnglishintheradioforhalfanhour.AfterthatIbrushmyteethandeatbreakfast.Iusuallygotoschoolwithmybrotheratseven.AttwelveIeatlunchatschool.AfterlunchIsometimesplayping-pongwithmyclassmates.AtaboutfivetwentyIgohome.WhenIgethomeIalwaysdomyhomeworkfirst.AfterdinnerIeitherwashthedishesorreadbooks.Igotobedathalfpastnineintheevening.IthinkIhaveahealthylife.【点评范文】L内容本文章按照时间先后顺序详细描述了上学日一天的日常生活
2.语言文章灵活地运用时刻钟以及频率副词清晰准备的详述了从早到晚的日常生活,语言丰富,逻辑清晰,结构清楚文章中的佳句有时间状语从句“WhenIgethomeIalwaysdomyhomeworkfirst.”和含并歹U连词的uAfterdinnerIeitherwashthedishesorreadbooks.”例文每个人都应该熟知自己的妈妈,你的妈妈每天都在忙什么呢?请以“MyMothersBusyDay”为题,向我们描述一下妈妈一天的活动吧!0词左右要求条理清晰,表意明确词数80词左右【思路导航】文体记叙文;人称第三人称【佳作展示】MyMothersBusyDayMymotherisbusyeveryday.Shegetsupatsixoclockandthenshebrushesherteeth.Shehasbreakfastathalfpastsixandshegoestoworkatseven.Sheworksforeighthoursaday.Shegetshomeatsixthirtyp.m.Thenshecooksdinnerforme.AfterdinnershesometimeswatchesTV.Butusuallyshehelpsmewithmyhomework.Shegoestobedatabouttwentytoelevenintheevening.Whatabusydaymymotherhas!Iloveher.【名师点评】【高分句型一】Butusuallyshehelpsmewithmyhomework.但是通常她会帮我做家庭作业句型but表转折,连接让步状语从句【高分句型二】Whatabusydaymymotherhas!妈妈的一天真忙碌呀!句型感叹句【亮点短语】getup起床;brushherteeth刷牙;havebreakfast吃早餐;gotowork去上班;athalfpastsix在六点半;foreighthours八小时;gethome到家;cookdinner做晚餐;afterdinner晚餐后;helpmewithmyhomework帮我做家庭作业;gotobed上床睡觉group[gru p]n.组;群half[ha f]n.pron.一半;半数past[pa:st]prep.晚于;过(时间)adj.过去的quarterfkwo:⑵n.一刻钟;四分之一homeworkmw3k]n.家庭作业do(ones)homework做作业run[rAn]v.跑;奔clean[kli:n]v.打扫;弄干净;adj.干净的walk[wo k]n.v.行走;步行takeawalk散步;走一走quickly[*kwikli]adv.很快地either[a
[6]adv.或者;也(用在否定词组后)either・・or・・要么要么;或者或者lot[Idt]pron.大量;许多lotsof大量;许多sometimes[samtaimz]adv.有时taste[teist]v.有…的味道;品尝;n..味道;life[laif]n.(pl.lives[laivz])生活;生命n、语法词汇知其变[注意词性变化]dress『dres]v.穿衣服一adj.dressed穿好衣服的;穿着衣服的一n.dresser梳妆台;化妆师brush[brAJ]v.刷;刷净n.刷子一ing形式brushing---pl.brushestooth[tu0]n.牙齿…pl.teethusually「jujuoli]adv.通常地;一般地一adj.usual通常的,平常的workfw3k]n.v.工作--3pl.works--ing形式workingfunny[fAni]adj.奇怪的;滑稽好笑的一n.fun乐趣,享受exercise|eksasaiz]v.n.锻炼;练习---3pLexercises---ing形式exercisingbest[best]adj.最好的adv.最好地;最一(原级)adj.good好的,优良的—(原级)adv.well有益的;合理的half[ha:f]n.pron.一半;半数…pl.halvesquarter「kw to]n.一刻钟;四分之一一pl.quartersrun[rAn]v.跑;奔一一ing形式running---n.runner跑步者clean[kli n]v.打扫;弄干净;adj.干净的---ing形式cleaning…n.cleaner清洁工;清洁剂walk[wo k]n.v.行走;步行一ing形式walking—n.walker步行者quickly[*kwikli]adv.很快地一adj.quick迅速的,快的sometimes[samtaimz]adv.有时一adv.sometime某个时候life[laif]n.生活;生命一pl.livesIII、重点短语知搭配[注意固定短语的英汉互译]getup起床getdressed穿上衣服takeashower洗淋浴radiostation广播台onweekends在周末whattime什么时间gotoschool去上学dooneshomework做某人的家庭作业takeawalk散步either...or...要么要么;或者或者lotsof..=alotof很多;大量brushmyteeth刷我的牙getto到达gohome回家eatbreakfast吃早餐gotowork去上班gethome至j家gotobed上床睡觉atnight在晚上belatefor迟至!JIV、核心单词知用法[注意固定短语、句型和词块]SectionALWhattimedoyouusuallygetup你通常什么时候起床?P.7Whendoyougotowork你的朋友们什么时候锻炼?P.8lwhattime意为“何时;什么时候”如果询问主语什么时候做某事,可以用Whattime/Whendo/does+主语+动词原形+…?”句型;如果询问主语什么时候发生,可以用“Whattime/Whenbe+主语+…?”其中,whattime用来提问具体的时间,此时的whattime可以用when替换例如Whattimedoyougetup=WhendoyougetupWhattimedoessheoftenwatchTV=WhendoessheoftenwatchTVWhattimeistheparty=WhenisthepartyWhattimeistheEnglishclass=WhenistheEnglishclass【拓展】whattime与when都可以对时间进行提问,表示“什么时候whattime用来询问具体的时间点;when既可以用来询问具体的时间点,也可以用来询问时间段年,月,日,星期等具体用法如下
①对时间状语提问时,有时两者可以互换例如Whattime/WhendoyouusuallygotoschoolWhattimedoesheeatbreakfastWhattimedoyougetupWhattimedoesTomtakeashower
②向对方询问具体时间,即几点几分时,只能用whattime不能用when2time是名词,意为“时间”,是不可数名词例如Idonthavetimetodomyhomework.Doyouhavefreetimeonweekendstime也可作“次数”讲可数名词,threetimes三次例如IwatchTVthreetimesaweek.HowmanytimesdoyougotothemuseumWehavemealsthreetimesaday.time还有“时机机会”的意思,常用句型Irstimefbrsth./todosth.“到了干某事的时机了”例如Itstimetogotobed.Donttalking!Itstimetohavemathclass.Itstimetogooutfordinner.Itstimeforlunch/class/fun.Fromtwelveoclockatnighttosixoclockintheevening.P.8⑴介词短语from…to…意为从……到……”,可以跟时间或者地点例如fromhometoschoolfromheretotherefrombusstationtotheparkfromMondaytoFriday2o,clock=oftheclock意为“点钟”,只能用于整点,构成结构“基数词+oclock”例如10oclock4oclock7oclocktwelveoclocktwooclocknineoclockThafsafunnytimeforbreakfast.这个时间吃早餐真有趣P・8形容词funny意为“奇怪的;滑稽好笑的”派生词fun作名词,意为“乐趣,享受;嬉戏,玩笑”,常用搭配“havefundoingsth.”,意为“做某事获得高兴二例如Thisisafunnybook.Mygrandfathertellsmeafunnystory.Lefshavefunplayingbasketball.Thelittlegirlhasfunreadingbookswithherfriends.AtelevenoclocksoPmneverlateforwork.11点,所以我上班从不迟到P.8so作连词时,意为“因此,所以”,不能和“because”连用;so作副词时意为“如此,这么;确是如此”例如Ifsrainingnowsowehavetostayathome.IamlatesoIhavetogotoMr.Smithsoffice.MyfriendthinksthemusicisbeautifulbutIdontthinkso.2短语belatefor意为“迟到”例如Dontbelateforschool!AreyoulateforyourworkagainImsosorrythatImlateforyourclassMr.zhang.3never作频率副词,意为“从来;绝不二常用频率副词usually(通常)always(总是),often(经常,时常)sometimes(有时)hardly(几乎不)nevero频率副词可位于句首或句中,在句中位于be动词之后或行为动词前例如Mygrandmotherisalwaysatthepark.Theuncleisneverlateforwork.Themanoftengoestothelibrarytoreadbooks.Iusuallyhavebreakfastatsevenoclock.Mycousinhardlyeatsvegetables.SectionBTheyusuallyeatdinnerataquartertosevenintheevening.他们通常晚上6:45吃晚餐quarter作可数名词,意为“一刻钟;四分之一”可用于时间的表达,亦可作数量的表达,可用结构“aquarterof+n四分之一;twoquartersof+n.二分之一一半;threequartersof+n.四分之三”数量+名词作主语时谓语动词的单复数由名词的单复数决定例如Itsattwoquarterspasttenoclock.WhydontyougotobedWewanttowatchTVataquartertonineintheevening.AquarterofstudentsplaygameswithMrs.Wang.ThreequarterofstudentsplaytheguitarwithMr.Wang.Twoquartersofwaterisusedupbythechild.Aquarterofappleiseatenbythemouse.AfterschoolIsometimesplaybasketballforhalfanhour.放学后,我有时打半个小时的篮球(P.11)⑴短语afterschool意为“放学后”其中after可作介词,意为“在……之后”后跟名词代词,动名词做宾语,构成结构“after+n./pron./v.ing”;也可做连词,意为“在……以(之)后”后跟句子构成时间状语从句例如AfterdinnerIwatchTVwithmyfamily.Afterthathegoesbacktoschool.AfterreadingthisbookRicksitsbesidesthedesktowritealetter.AfterhavingdinnerwewatchTV.⑵sometimes副词,意为“有时”,相当于attimes例如Isometimesplaycomputergames.(=Iplaycomputergamesattimes.)Myfamilysometimesgooutfordinner.(=Myfamilygooutfordinnerattimes.)【拓展】辨析:sometimessometimes几次,sometime某个口寸候与sometime一段时间记忆口诀“有时”相聚加-s“几次”分开带-S相聚为“某个时候”,分开为“一段时间”例如ThemanhasgonetoBeijingsometimes.IwillgotheresometimeinAugust.Wewillmeeteachothersometime.Ittakessometimetoreadthewholebook.HestayedinBeijingforsometime.
3.IntheeveningIeitherwatchTVorplaycomputergames.在晚上,我要么看电视,要么玩电脑游戏(P.11)本句是简单句,either…or…连接两个并列成分either作连词,意为“或者,要么;两者都(不),既(不)”;作代词,意为“(两者之中)任意一个;两者都(不)”;作副词,意为“也(不),亦(不);而且,还”常构成短语“either…or…要么……要么……;或者……或者……”,使用时如果连接两个主语,谓语动词要与「后面的主语保持一致例如EitheryouorIamrightonthisquestion.EitherTomorhisparentscookdinner.Iwanttodrinkeithersomebeerorsomejuice.Hedoesntliketolistenpopmusiceither.—Whichcolordoyoulikeredorblue-Eitherisok.【拓展】作副词“也”讲用在否定句末加强语气注意辨析eithertooalso的用法例如Shedoesntlikesingingandshedoesntlikedancingeither.ScottisastudentandJimisastudenttoo.Myparentsalsolikeshoppingonline.Unluckilysheisalsolateforclass.
4.Sheknowsifsnotgoodforherbutittastesgood!她知道这对她身体不好,但是它太好吃了(P.11)⑴短语begoodfor意为“有益处,对……有好处”,后可跟名词,代词,动名词例如Eatingfruitisgoodforourhealth.Helikesreadingbooksbecausehethinksitsgoodfbrhim.Theywillbegoodforyou.【拓展】注意辨析begoodat擅长,begoodwith善于应付于例如Mybrotherisgoodatswimming.Themanisgoodwithchildren.
(2)taste作实义动词,意为“尝,品尝”;作感官动词,意为“尝起来”,后跟形容词;亦可作名词,意为“味道,滋味”例如Thefishtastesdelicious.DoyouwanttotastethefishThetasteofthefishisdelicious.
5.1gethomefromschoolathalfpastfouranddomyhomework.我四点半从学校到家,做家庭作业(P・12)短语gethome意为“回家,到家home作名词,意为“家,住宅”;作地点副词,前不加介词例如Ihavetostayathomebeforemymomcomeshome.Ilovemyhomebecauseitssweet.【拓展1】get作不及物动词,意为“到达”,后需跟t做固定搭配reach和arriveat/in也可以表示到达,作同义短语替换reach为及物动词,直接跟宾语arrive为不及物动词,后跟介词at(加小地方)或in(加大地方)例如Wefinallygetto/reach/arriveinChongqingintheevening.Myauntgivesmeacallassoonasshegetsto/reaches/arrivesatbusstation.Themonkeygetsto/reaches/arrivesatthezoo.【拓展2】home/here/there都可作地点副词,前不加介词例如ThepartyissoboringIwanttogohome.Pleasecomehereandjoinus.Idontwanttogothere.Wsscary.
6.Youneedtobrushyourteethaftereatingtohavegoodteeth.吃完东西后要刷牙这样牙齿才会好(P.12)need意为“需要,必要”可作实义动词常用结构needsb./sth.需要某人/某物;need(sb.)todosth.需要(某人)做某事”亦可作情态动词,后跟动词原形,多用于否定句和疑问句中注意在句型转换中的情态动词和实义动词的变换例如Peopleneedairtobreathintheearth.Peopledontneedairtobreathintheearth.DopeopleneedairtobreathintheearthYestheydo./Notheydont.Youneedntdoyourhomeworkrightnow.NeedIdomyhomeworkrightnowYesyouneed./Noyouneednt.
7.1doifthavetimetocleanmyroomfromMondaytoFriday.从星期一到星期五我没有时间打扫我的房间P.12短语havetimetodosth.意为“有时间去做某事”否定的短语有udont/doesnthavetimetodosth.或“havenotimetodosth.”例如Myfatherhastimetohelpmewithmyhomework.否定句Myfatherdoesnthavetimetohelpmewithmyhomework.=Myfatherhasnotimetohelpmewithmyhomework.Thestudentshavetimetodoexercise.否定句Thestudentsdonthavetimetodoexercise.=Thestudentshavenotimetodoexercise.
二、语法知识清单一时间的表达Time.整点法:整点数基数词+oclock其中oclock可以省略例如8OO~eightoclock八点钟500~fiveollock五点钟600〜sixoclock六点钟900~nineoclock九点钟300~threeoclock三点钟1200~twelveoclock十二点钟.非整点法1顺读法直接读法钟点数十分钟数,从左往右依次读出表示时间的数字例如710〜seventen七点十分940~nineforty九点四十分630~sixthirteen六点半1155~elevenfiftyfive十一点五十五分318~threeeighteen三点十八分210〜twoten两点十分
(2)逆读法(间接读法)先说分钟数再说点钟数
①分钟数小于30(30分钟以内)时,借用past表示时间past意为几点过几分,即分钟数+past+钟点数时间日常活动InthemorningIusuallygetupatsix.ThenIbrushmyteeth.IlistentoEnglishintheradioforhalfanhour.Ihavebreadornoodlesforbreakfast.Ioftengotoschoolwithmysisterafterbreakfast.IntheafternoonAttwelveIhavelunchatschool.AfterlunchIsometimesgotothelibrarywithmyclassmates.Ialwaysgethomeatsixoclock.Ihavetodomyhomeworkonweekdays.IntheeveningIusuallyhavedinnerwithmyfamilyateight.IneverwatchTVbecauseitsnotusefulformystudy.AfterdinnerIeitherreadsomebooksorplaysportswithmyfamily.Igotobedafterbrushingmyteeth.单词用法either否定句,放句末,用逗号隔开too肯定句,放句末,用逗号隔开also肯定句,放句中(be动词后面,实义动词前面)。