还剩5页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟测试
(一)英语本试卷共10页,满分120分考试用时120分钟注意事项
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己所在的市(县、区)、学校、班级、姓名、考场号、座位号和考生号填写在答题卡上,将条形码横贴在每张答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案答案不能答在试卷上.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先画掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液不按以上要求作答无效.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并交回第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题
2.5分,满分
37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ACheckoutwhatscomingsoonandwhatsindevelopment.Playbillwillupdatetheselistingswhennewinformationismadeavailable.THECOLLABORATIONatSamuelJ.FriedmanTheatreTheplaytellsatruestoryinNewYork.Fifty-six-year-oldWarholsstarisfalling.Jeanisthenewwonder-kidtakingtheartworldbystorm.WhenJeanagreestoworktogetherwithWarholonanewexhi-bilionilsoonbecomesthetalkof(hecity.Thetwoartistssetfootonasharedjourneybothartisticanddeeplypersonalwhichredrawsboththeirworlds.ALMOSTFAMOUSa(BernardB.JacobsTheatreBasedonthe2000filmofthesamenamethemusicalfeaturesPulitzerwinnerKittandabookbyCrowewhoearnedanOscarawardforpenningtheoriginalfilmbasedonhisownteenageexperience.Thecoming-of-agestorytracksa15-year-oldmusicfannamedWilliamwhofollowstheemergingbandStillwaterontour.THEPIANOLESSONatEthelBarrymnoreTheatreTheplayisthefourthinWilsonsCenturyCyclewhichdigsintotheBlackexperienceineverydecadeofthe20thcentury.SetinPittsburghsHillDistrictin1936itcentersaroundabrotherandasisterinvolvedinabattleoverapianocarvedwiththefacesoftheirancestors.KIMBERLYAKIMBOatBoothTheatreKimisabrightandfunnyhighschoolgirLwhohappenstolooklikea72-year-oldlady.Andyetheragingdiseasemaybetheleastofherproblems.ForcedtodealwithfamilysecretsandpossiblecrimechargesKimisdeterminedtoexplorehappinessinaworldwherenoteventimeisonherside.WhatkindofplayisTHECOLLABORATIONA.Aromance.B.Asci-fistory.C.Afairytalc.D.Alifestory.WhichtheatreshouldyouvisilifyouwanttolearnaboutracialissuesA.SamuelJ.FriedmanTheatre.B.BernardB.JacobsTheatre.C.EthelBarrymoreTheatre.D.BoothTheatre.WhatcanyouseeinbothALMOSTFAMOUSandKIMBERLYAKIMBOForsomepeopleOctoberisOctobear.OnOctober5KatmaiNationalParkandPreseneinsouthernAlaskakickedoffFatBearWeekwhenfanscomparebeforeandafterphotosofbearstovotefortheonetheythinkhasgainedthemostweightbeforetheybeddownforthelongfreezingwinter.Bear747alsoknownas“BearForceOne”,tookthefirst-placespotwith68105votes.ItweighedaroundI.400pounds.FatBearWeekstartedin
2014.AtfirstitwasjustFatBearTuesday.MikeFitzaformerparkkeeperatKatmainoticedthatlivewebcamsshowingthebearsgeneratedalotofonlinecommentssoheletpeo-plevotefbrtheirfavoritefatbearontheInternet.Theone-dayeventattracted1700votes.In2015itwasextendedtoaweek.Lastyearnearly800000peoplegotinvolvedturningitintoaglobalcampaign.Thecontestservestwomainpurposes.FirstsomeofAmericasnationalparksareinremoteandun-developedareaswhicharedifficultorcostlytoreach.FatBearWeekbringsAlaskaswildernesstofans*computerscreens.t4lfsnotlimitedtothefortunatefewwhocangototheriveranymore.”Fitzsaid.SecondFatBearWeekbringsattentiontothebearsandtheecosystemstheylivein.The2200bearsofKatmaiarestrongforfeedingonsomeofthehealthiestsalmon(三文鱼)intheworldsaidSaraWolmanaformerparkkeeper.SalmoninthePacificNorthwestaresufferingfromoverfishingdamconstructionandwarmingriversduetoclimatechange.LuckilyBrooksRiverwhichKatmaisbearsliketofishinhasbeenfreefromthesethreatssofar.FatBearWeekhasspreadlikeviruses.Fansandcreatorssayitsbecauseitshowsaconscnationsuc-cessstory.Foroneweekpeopledonthavetofocusonclimatechangeorhabitatloss.uMaybeAnewstudyhasfoundihatachildsreadingspeedcanbeimprovedbysimplyincreasingthespacebetweenletterswithinapieceoftext.TheresearchledbyDrStevenStaggofAngliaRuskinUniversity(ARU)examinedthebenefitsofletterspacingandcolouredoverlays(颜色标注)amongchildren.Twogroupsofchildrendyslexic(有阅读障碍的)andnon-dyslexicchildrenwereaskedtoreadfourtextswitheitherstandardorextra-largeletterspacingbothwithandwithoutacolouredoverlay.Theywereinstructedtoreadthetextoutloudwhilebeingrecorded.Therecordingwasusedtomeasurethenumberoferrorstheymade-specificallymissedwordsaddedwordswrongwordsandpronunciation-aswellastheparticipantsreadingtime.Thestudydiscoveredthattextwithincreasedspacebetweenlet-tersprovidedabenefitforbothgroups.Onaveragethedyslexiagroupshoweda13%increaseinreadingspeedwhilethegroupofnon-dyslexicchildrenshoweda5%increase.Inadditiontoimprovingreadingspeeditalsoresultedinasignificantdeclineinthenumberofwordsmissedbythechildrenwithdyslexia.Howeverthestudyfoundthatcolouredoverlayshadnosignificantimpactonreadingspeedorthercduc-tionoferrorsforeithergroup.DrStaggSeniorLecturerinPsychologyatARUsaid:uWebelieveextra-largeletterspacingworksbyreducingwhatisknownasthecrowdingeffectwhichcanhampertherecognitionoflettersandre-ducereadingspeed.“Ourfindingsstronglysuggestthatteacherscanbeconfidentthatallchildrenwouldbehelpedbyincreasedletterspacinginreadingmaterials.DrStaggadded.Whilewefoundthatcolouredoverlaysprovidedlittlebenefitwesuggestchildrenshouldbeencouragedtouseoverlaysiftheyfindthesehelptheirreading.Colouredoverlaysmaynotincreasereadingspeedsbuttheymayextendreadingstamina(持久力).Previousresearchsuggeststheirbenefitsmaynotbecomeapparentifreadingtimeislessthan10minutesandtheshortreadingdurationofthetestsinourstudymayhaveputcolouredoverlaysatadisadvantage.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheresearchprocessinparagraph2A.Illustrategroupandreport.B.Readinstructandmeasure.C.Questionassumeandprove.D.Categorizerecordandcount.Whatcanwclearnaboutincreasedletterspacingfromparagraph3A.Itreducesreadingerrors.B.Itsharpensreadingskills.C.Itarousesreadinginterest.D.Itenhancesreadingcomprehension.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hamperinparagraph4probablymeanA.Obtain.B.Prevent.C.Change.D.Involve.Whatcanbeinterredaboutcolouredoverlaysfromparagraph5Theymightnothavebeenevaluatedfairly.Theymightnotberecommendedbyexperts.Theymightworkbetterinshortreading.Theymighthavesonicdisadvantages.LikeanydoctorJacquesFellaywantstogivehispatientsthebestcare.Hiddeninsideourbodiesarcgenetic(基因的)markersthatcantellhimwhichpatientscouldprobablyhavediseasessuchasAIDSandprovideearlytreatments.HoweverthereareworriesforFellay:theycontainsensitivedetailsthatcouldleadtoembarrassmentdiscriminationorevenworse.Anewkindofencryptionfullyhomomorphicencryption(FHE)(全同态加密),ismakingilpossiblefordatauserstorunmultipleoperationsongeneticdatawithoutseeingthecontents.ThiscanhelpendbigdatasprivacyproblemandFellayspatientscanbesomeofthefirsttobenefit.In1978theconceptofhomomorphicencryption(HE)wasfirstlyproposed.Accordingtoitonecouldencryptandsharedatawithotherswhocouldanalyzeandperformcalculationsonthedatawithnoideawhatitmeans.Aftergettingthedatabackthedatausercouldsimplyarriveattheresultusingthesecretkeyanditwillmaketotalsense.In2009CraigGentryfirstlyprovidedaworkableFHEprogram.LikeHEitrestsonamathematicalideacalledahomomorphismwhichmostlyreliesonusingalgebra(代数)tomapdatafromoneformtoanotherwithoutchangingitsunderlyingstructure.Howeveritsupportsmultipleoperationsonen-crypteddataratherthanonlyonecalculationinHE.LaterGentrywentontoworkatIBMwhichnowhascomplicatedFHEtoolstorunencrypteddata.InthemedicalfieldforexampleitdetectedsignsofCOVID-19infectionbyapplyingFHEtoanalyzetheencryptedCTscansofmorethan1500peopleslungs.InapaperpublishedinOctober2021theteamusedFHEtocollectdatafrommultiplesourcesandpredictedtheeffectofcancertreatmentsortheprocessofHIVinfectionasinFellayscase.Workablebutstillslow:calculationsontheFHE-encrypleddatacouldtakemillionsoftimeslongerthanthoseonrawdata.ButasGoldwassersaysuIfyoubelievethatsecurityisnotaplusbutitsamust“shesaystheninsomesensethereisnooverhead.MWhatisFeilayconcernedaboutA.Seriousdiseases.B.Sensitivepatients.C.Thesafetyofpersonaldata.D.Thelackofgeneticinformation.InwhatwayisFHEdifferentfromHEA.Itspeedsuptheanalyses.B.Itallowsmorecalculations.C.Itpreventsdirectaccesstodata.D.Itdependsontheuseofalgebra.WhatisGoldwassersattitudetowardsFHEA.Contradictory.B.Unclear.C.Favorable.D.Intolerant.WhatisthemainideaofthetextFHEprotectsprivacyinthebigdataera.FHEopensanewworldformedicalworkers.Gentryproposedanewencrypliontechnology.Homomorphicencryptiondevelopedovertime.第二节(共5小题每小题
2.5分,满分
12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项HowStarWarsChangedMovie-makingForever“Maytheforcebewithyou!^^IfyouareaStarWarsfanthenyouhaveprobablyheardthisphrasemanytimes.36Somanycharactersdevicesandphrasesfromthemoviehavebecomewell-known.Butyoumightbesurprisedtofindouthowmuch(hismoviehaschangedhowmoviesaremade.“Alongtimeagoinagalaxyfarfaraway...vishowStarWarsbegins.Itsplotwasnotgroundbreaking.37Thestorywastypicalsciencefictionwithlotsofdramatraditionalcharactersandgoodbattlingevilinspaceandinhand-to-handfight.IlwasthespecialeffectsthatmadeStarWarsstandoutfromothermovies.Peoplestilltalkaboutthelightswords(佥ij)thatcouldcutbumandmeltthroughmostsubstances.Spaceshipsspedthroughspaceandlandedonhugerealistic-lookingspacestations.38WhenStarWarsfirstcameoutin1977mostmovietheaterswerestand-alonebuildingswithjustonemoviescreen.UsingthemoneyStarWarshadmadeforthemmovie-theaterownersbuiltmoretheatersleadingtothemultiplexes(多影厅影院)thatarecommontoday.Theatersneededmoremoviestoshowonalltheadditionalmoviescreensandinall(henewmultiplexes.Sonewmoviecompaniessprangupincludingsmallonescreatingexperimentalmovies.39Someofthemethodsbecamepopularandothersfailed.ButthankstoStarWarspeoplegottoseenewtypesofmovies.40Therehadbeenmoviecontinuationspreviouslybuttheywereoftenjustpoorimitationsofthefirstmovie.TheStarWarsmovieswereallpopular.Therehavebeentwotrilogies(三部曲)sofarwithmoreplanned.Theytriedoutnewtechniques.Infactitwasquiteold-fashioned.Moviegoershadneverseenanythinglikeit.Thusaudiencebegantoenjoysciencefictionmoviesthere.StarWarswasthefirstreallysuccessfulmovietrilogyinhistory.Ifyouarenotafanyouarestilllikelyfamiliarwiththesewords.Ifyouareamoviemakeryoumaybeinspiredbythisclassicfilm.第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项InmanywaysGitanjaliRaoisanordinary11-year-oldlivelyandchattyyetherscientificspiritmakesahugedifference.Lastmonthshe41thetopprizeattheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScientistChallengeforherinvention.What42Gitanjalisworkwasthathercityfacedawateremergencywithtoomuchleadinitswater.“Theideadidnt43tomeuntilIsawmyparentstrytodowatertests.Theteststripsmayshowinaccu-ratcresultswhichwcrcn*tvery
44.”Sherecalls.Shethensearchedforsuitablematerialswithcontinuedeffortsand45found(ha(carbonnanotube(纳米管)sensorscanbeusedtosensechemicals.Gitanjali46tobuildasmallbluehousingusing(he3-Dprinteratherschoolwithcomputerchipsandabatteryinside.AfreeappwhichGitanjalidesignedunder47fromhercomputerscienceteachergivesinstant48andsendsthedata(oalinkedphonethroughanattacheddevice.Theprocessofdesigningherprojectwasntalways49though.KathleenShaferascientistpairedwithGitanjaliasherteacherinsummer50alongtheway.Intheawardceremony.Gitanjalialso51herparentswithconstantsupportand52totry“crazyideas^^.Gitanjalireceived$25000tofurtherdevelopherprogramalongwiththegreat53ofwinningthecontest.AccordingtoShaferwho54Gitanjali4tsheshowsalotofmotivationtosolve55issuesthroughscience
1.A.earnedB.designedC.offeredD.madeA.exposedB.improvedC.definedD.inspiredA.stickB.belongC.occurD.applyA.simpleB.reliableC.predictableD.creativeA.initiallyB.immediatelyC.temporarilyD.eventuallyA.managedB.promisedC.pretendedD.happenedA.observationB.commandC.instructionD.controlA.accessB.resultsC.decisionsD.approvalA.optionalB.completeC.continuousD.smoothA.changedB.riskedC.helpedD.followedA.stressesB.creditsC.impressesD.providesA.encouragementB.requestC.struggleD.pressureA.fortuneB.intentionC.honorD.potentialA.keepsupwithB.getsalongwithC.takescareofD.speakshighlyofA.commercialB.practicalC.academicD.systematic第二节共10小题每小题
1.5分,满分15分阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式DuringthesummerholidayIhadthechancetovisitPingtangCountyGuizhouProvinceinsouthwestChina.Its_56experienceIwillneverforget.TravelingtoGuizhoubyhigh-speedrailfromBeijing157astonishattherapidchangeinsceneryfromskyscraperstobeautifultree-filledmountains58restunderaclearbluesky.UponarrivalIvisitedthePingtangInternationalExperiencePlanetariumwhichdisplaysChinas59remarkachievementsinscienceandspacetechnology.TheFivc-hundrcd-mctcrApertureSphericalradioTelescopeFASTthereishelargestoneofitskindintheworld.TovisitFASTvisitorsarenotpermitted60bringanyelectronicdevicesduetosecuritymeasures.Sotheymustrecordthisonce-in-a-lifelimemomentwiththeirheartsandminds.61truthfulmyfavoritepartofthetripwasmypersonalinteractionwiththelocalcommunity.FollowingheinstructionsIworkedontwocommunityfarmswenthikingandswain62afreshcommu-nityriveralongsidefish.IwaseducatedontheregionalhistoryoftheMiaopeople63cultureisrichinfashionfoodpotteryandmusic.Afterthisadventuremy64appreciateforChineseculturehassnowballed.WhileIamcontentlivingandworkinginBeijingPingtangCountyinGuizhouhasopenedmyeyestotheendlesspositive65possibilityChinahaslooffer.第四部分写作共两节,满分40分第一节满分15分假定你是李华,校英语学习俱乐部负责人你们邀请到了Smith教授在线作主题为“HowtoWriteandEnjoyPoems”专题讲座请你在讲座前作简要发言,内容包括.表示感谢;.相关介绍;.对听众的要求注意.词数80左右;.请在答题卡的相应位置作答DearfellowstudentsThatsall.hankyou.第二节满分25分阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文Hectorstoodinthefrontofhisfifth-gradeclassroomasoneofthelasttwocompetitorsintheRoomFiveGeographyBee.HisopponenthavingmissedthelastquestionitwasHectorsturn.IfheansweredhisquestioncorrectlyhewouldbetheRoomFivechampion.“WheredidIputthatsecondsheetofquestionsMr.Adlerwhisperedwhilesearchingthroughathickpileofpapersonhismessydesk.Mr.Adlerthoughagreatteacherhadareputationofbeingdisor-ganizedwithalonghistoryofmisplacingthings.4*OhwellIapologizeforthedelay.HsaidMr.Adleraf-terwhatseemedlikealongtime.HectorpleasetellusthecapitalcityofBrazil.”Hearingthequestion.Hectorsmiled.Thentherewastheanswer.LaterthatdayinthecourtyardmanyclassmatescongratulatedHector.Wearingaproudsmilehegreetedandthankedthemall.Ohthesweettasteofvictory.Asitwasgettinglatethecourtyardbecamedeserted.ButHectorstilldidntwanttoleave.ThenhesawMr.Adlercrossingthecourtyardandholdingahalf-openbagfullofpapers.AshehurriedpastanenvelopedroppedoutbutMr.Adlerwasunawareturnedacorneranddisappearedoutofsight.Hectorpickeditup.Ontheenvelopewerethewords“FifUiGradeGeographyBecQuestionsandAnswers.Hec-torstaredwide-eyedattheenvelope.Beforeheevenhadtimetoreflectontheconsequencesheopeneditandreadthequestions.AssoonasHectorhaddoneitheknewitwasthewrongchoice.HedcheatedandwhateverhedidnowhecouldntchangethefactWhatifMr.AdlerthoughtIstolethismorningsquestionstoo”Hectorthought.HedtakeawaymyRoomFivevictoryforsure.Littledidheknowthatoneofhebestdaysinhislifewouldbeturnedintotheworstsoquickly.TonibyhisconscienceHectorwastotallyatalosswhattodo.注意.续写词数应为150左右;.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答BeforeherealizedHecio「foundhimselfsiandinainM/Adlersroom.ThenextdaYtheentireschoolcamewakhtheFifthGradeGe欢。