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2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟测试
(一)英语试题本试卷满分120分考试用时120分钟第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题
2.5分,满分
37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ACheckoutwhalscomingsoonandwhatsindevelopment.Playbillwillupdatetheselistingswhennewinformationismadeavailable.THECOLLABORATIONatSamuelJ.FriedmanTheatreTheplaytellsatruestoryinNewYork.Fifty-six-year-oldWarhoPsstarisfalling.Jeanisthenewwonder-kidtakingtheartworldbystorm.WhenJeanagreestoworktogetherwithWarholonanewexhibitionitsoonbecomesthetalkofthecity.Thetwoartistssetfootonasharedjourneybothartisticanddeeplypersonalwhichredrawsboththeirworlds.ALMOSTFAMOUSatBernardB.JacobsTheatreBasedonthe2000filmofthesamenamethemusicalfeaturesPulitzerwinnerKittandabookbyCrowewhoearnedanOscarawardforpenningtheoriginalfilmbasedonhisownteenageexperience.Thecoming-of-agestorytracksa15-year-oldmusicfannamedWilliamwhofollowstheemergingbandStillwaterontour.THEPIANOLESSONatEthelBarrynmoreTheatreTheplayisthefourthinWilsonsCenturyCyclewhichdigsintotheBlackexperienceineverydecadeofthe20thcentury.SetinPittsburgh5sHillDistrictin1936itcentersaroundabrotherandasisterinvolvedinabattleoverapianocarvedwiththefacesoftheirancestors.KIMBERLYAKIMBOatBoothTheatreKimisabrightandfunnyhighschoolgirlwhohappenstolooklikea72-year-oldlady.Andyetheragingdiseasemaybetheleastofherproblems.ForcedtodealwithfamilysecretsandpossiblecrimechargesKimisdeterminedtoexplorehappinessinaworldwherenoteventimeisonherside.WhatkindofplayisTHECOLLABORATIONA.Aromance.B.Asci-fistory.C.Afairytale.D.Alifestory.WhichtheatreshouldyouvisitifyouwanttolearnaboutracialissuesLaterthatdayinthecourtyardmanyclassmatescongratulatedHector.Wearingaproudsmilehegreetedandthankedthemall.Ohthesweettasteofvictory.Asitwasgettinglatethecourtyardbecamedeserted.ButHectorstilldidntwanttoleave.ThenhesawMr.Adlercrossingthecourtyardandholdingahalf-openbagfullofpapers.AshehurriedpastanenvelopedroppedoutbutMr.Adlerwasunawareturnedacorneranddisappearedoutofsight.Hectorpickeditup.Ontheenvelopewerethewords“FifthGradeGeographyBeeQuestionsandAnswers^^.Hectorstaredwide-eyedattheenvelope.Beforeheevenhadtimetoreflectontheconsequencesheopeneditandreadthequestions.AssoonasHectorhaddoneitheknewitwasthewrongchoice.Hedcheatedandwhateverhedidnowhecouldnlchangethefact.WhatifMr.AdlerthoughtIstolethismorningsquestionstooMHectorthought.HedtakeawaymyRoomFivevictoryforsure.Littledidheknowthatoneofthebestdaysinhislifewouldbeturnedintotheworstsoquickly.TornbyhisconscienceHectorwastotallyatalosswhattodo.注意.续写词数应为150左右;.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答BeforeherealizedilHectorfoundhimselfstandinginMr.AdlersroomThenextdaytheentireschoolcametowatchtheFifthGradeGeographyBeeWhatcanyouseeinbothALMOSTFAMOUSandKIMBERLYAKIMBOA.Strugglesagainstcrimecharges.B.Cutting-edgefilmtechnology.C.Award-winningperformances.D.Teenagersgrowthexperiences.BForsomepeopleOctoberisOctober.OnOctober5KatmaiNationalParkandPreserveinsouthernAlaskakickedoffFatBearWeekwhenfanscomparebeforeandafterphotosofbearstovotefortheonetheythinkhasgainedthemostweightbeforetheybeddownforthelongfreezingwinter.Bear747alsoknownas“BearForceOne,tookthefirst-placespotwith68105votes.Itweighedaround1400pounds.FatBearWeekstartedin
2014.AtfirstitwasjustFatBearTuesday.MikeFitzaformerparkkeeperatKatmainoticedthatlivewebcamsshowingthebearsgeneratedalotofonlinecommentssoheletpeoplevotefortheirfavoritefatbearontheInternet.Theone-dayeventattracted1700votes.In2015itwasextendedtoaweek.Lastyearnearly800000peoplegotinvolvedturningitintoaglobalcampaign.Thecontestservestwomainpurposes.FirstsomeofAmericasnationalparksareinremoteandundevelopedareaswhicharedifficultorcostlytoreach.FatBearWeekbringsAlaskaswildernesstofanscomputerscreens.Itsnotlimitedtothefortunatefewwhocangototheriveranymore.nFitzsaid.SecondFatBearWeekbringsattentiontothebearsandtheecosystemstheylivein.The2200bearsofKatmaiarestrongforfeedingonsomeofthehealthiestsalmon(三文鱼)intheworldsaidSaraWolmanaformerparkkeeper.SalmoninthePacificNorthwestaresufferingfromoverfishingdamconstructionandwarmingriversduetoclimatechange.LuckilyBrooksRiverwhichKatmaisbearsliketofishinhasbeenfreefromthesethreatssofar.FatBearWeekhasspreadlikeviruses.Fansandcreatorssayitsbecauseitshowsaconservationsuccessstory.Foroneweekpeopledonthavetofocusonclimatechangeorhabitatloss.4tMaybcthingsarentsupergreatallthetimeintheworld“saidFeliciaJimenezwhoisacurrentKatmaikeeper.tkButtherearesomereallyfatbearsinAlaska.”WhywasBear747thewinnerB.Itwasthemostfamous.C.Itgainedthemostpounds.D.Itpresentedthebestphotos.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph2A.TopraiseMikeFitzforhiswork.B.Toreviewthehistoryoftheevent.C.Toshowthepopularityoffatbears.D.Toexplaintheroleoflivewebcams.WhatcanwelearnaboutKatmaisbearsA.Theybringtouriststothepark.B.Theyhaveastablefoodsource.C.Theyremaindifficulttobeseen.D.Theyfaceapopulationdecline.WhichcanbethebesttitleforthetextA.FatBearWeek:ConservationIsJoyfulB.BrownBears:WinterSurvivalIsCrucialC.Bear747:AFatYetHealthyChampionD.KatmaisBears:ASpecialBeautyContestCAnewstudyhasfoundthatachildsreadingspeedcanbeimprovedbysimplyincreasingthespacebetweenletterswithinapieceoftext.TheresearchledbyDrStevenStaggofAngliaRuskinUniversity(ARU)examinedthebenefitsofletterspacingandcolouredoverlays(颜色标注)amongchildren.Twogroupsofchildrendyslexic(有阅读障碍的)andnon-dyslexicchildrenwereaskedtoreadfourtextswitheitherstandardorextra-largeletterspacingbothwithandwithoutacolouredoverlay.Theywereinstructedtoreadthetextoutloudwhilebeingrecorded.Therecordingwasusedtomeasurethenumberoferrorstheymade一specificallymissedwordsaddedwordswrongwordsandpronunciation—aswellastheparticipantsreadingtime.Thestudydiscoveredthattextwithincreasedspacebetweenlettersprovidedabenefitforbothgroups.Onaveragethedyslexiagroupshoweda13%increaseinreadingspeedwhilethegroupofnon-dyslexicchildrenshoweda5%increase.Inadditiontoimprovingreadingspeeditalsoresultedinasignificantdeclineinthenumberofwordsmissedbythechildrenwithdyslexia.Howeverthestudyfoundthatcolouredoverlayshadnosignificantimpactonreadingspeedorthereductionoferrorsforeithergroup.DrStaggSeniorLecturerinPsychologyatARUsaid:Webelieveextra-largeletterspacingworksbyreducingwhatisknownasthecrowdingeffect\whichcanhampertherecognitionoflettersandreducereadingspeed.”“Ourfindingsstronglysuggestthatteacherscanbeconfidentthatallchildrenwouldbehelpedbyincreasedletterspacinginreadingmaterials.MDrStaggadded.“Whilewefoundthatcolouredoverlaysprovidedlittlebenefitwesuggestchildrenshouldbeencouragedtouseoverlaysiftheyfindthesehelptheirreading.Colouredoverlaysmaynotincreasereadingspeedsbuttheymayextendreadingstamina(持久力).Previousresearchsuggeststheirbenefitsmaynotbecomeapparentifreadingtimeislessthan10minutesandtheshortreadingdurationofthetestsinourstudymayhaveputcolouredoverlaysatadisadvantage.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheresearchprocessinParagraph2A.Illustrategroupandreport.B.Readinstructandmeasure.C.Questionassumeandprove.D.Categorizerecordandcount.WhatcanwelearnaboutincreasedletterspacingfromParagraph3A.Itreducesreadingerrors.B.Itsharpensreadingskills.C.Itarousesreadinginterest.D.Itenhancesreadingcomprehension.3().Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hamper“inParagraph4probablymeanA.Obtain.B.Prevent.C.Change.D.Involve.WhatcanbeinferredaboutcolouredoverlaysfromParagraph5Theymightnothavebeenevaluatedfairly.Theymightnotberecommendedbyexperts.Theymightworkbetterinshortreading.Theymighthavesomedisadvantages.DLikeanydoctorJacquesFeilaywantstogivehispatientsthebestcare.Hiddeninsideourbodiesarcgenetic(基因的)markersthatcantellhimwhichpatientscouldprobablyhavediseasessuchasAIDSandprovideearlytreatments.HoweverthereareworriesforFellay:theycontainsensitivedetailsthatcouldleadtoembarrassmentdiscriminationorevenworse.Anewkindofencryptionfullyhomomorphicencryption(FHE)(全同态加密)ismakingitpossiblefordatauserstorunmultipleoperationsongeneticdatawithoutseeingthecontents.ThiscanhelpendbigdatasprivacyproblemandFellayspatientscanbesomeofthefirsttobenefit.In1978theconceptofhomomorphicencryptionHEwasfirstlyproposed.Accordingtoitonecouldencryptandsharedatawithotherswhocouldanalyzeandperformcalculationsonthedatawithnoideawhatitmeans.Aftergettingthedatabackthedatausercouldsimplyarriveattheresultusingthesecretkeyanditwillmaketotalsense.In2009CraigGentryfirstlyprovidedaworkableFHEprogram.LikeHEitrestsonamathematicalideacalledahomomorphismwhichmostlyreliesonusingalge-bra代数tomapdatafromoneformtoanotherwithoutchangingitsunderlyingstructure.HoweveritsupportsmultipleoperationsonencrypteddataratherthanonlyonecalculationinHE.LaterGentrywentontoworkatIBMwhichnowhascomplicatedFHEtoolstorunencrypteddata.InthemedicalfieldforexampleitdetectedsignsofCOVID-19infectionbyapplyingFHEtoanalyzetheencryptedCTscansofmorethan1500peopleslungs.InapaperpublishedinOctober2021theteamusedFHEtocollectdatafrommultiplesourcesandpredictedtheeffectofcancertreatmentsortheprocessofHIVinfectionasinFellayscase.Workablebutstillslow:calculationsontheFHE-encrypteddatacouldtakemillionsoftimeslongerthanthoseonrawdata.ButasGoldwassersays“Ifyoubelievethatsecurityisnotaplusbutitsamust“shesays44theninsomesensethereisnooverhead.nWhatisFellayconcernedaboutA.Seriousdiseases.B.Sensitivepatients.C.Thesafetyofpersonaldata.D.Thelackofgeneticinformation.InwhatwayisFHEdifferentfromHEA.Itspeedsuptheanalyses.B.Itallowsmorecalculations.C.Itpreventsdirectaccesstodata.D.Itdependsontheuseofalgebra.WhatisGoldwasser^attitudetowardsFHEA.Contradictory.B.Unclear.C.Favorable.D.Intolerant.WhatisthemainideaofthetextFHEprotectsprivacyinthebigdataera.FHEopensanewworldformedicalworkers.Gentryproposedanewencryptiontechnology.Homomorphicencryptiondevelopedovertime.第二节(共5小题每小题
2.5分,满分
12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项HowStarWarsChangedMovie-makingForever“Maytheforcebewithyou!”IfyouareaStarWarsfanthenyouhaveprobablyheardthisphrasemanytimes.36Somanycharactersdevicesandphrasesfromthemoviehavebecomewell-known.Butyoumightbesurprisedtofindouthowmuchthismoviehaschangedhowmoviesarcmade.“Alongtimeagoinagalaxyfarfaraway…ishowStarWarsbegins.Itsplotwasnotground-breaking.37Thestorywastypicalsciencefictionwithlotsofdramatraditionalcharactersandgoodbattlingevilinspaceandinhand-to-handfight.ItwasthespecialeffectsthatmadeStarWarsstandoutfromothermovies.Peoplestilltalkaboutthelightswords(剑)thatcouldcutburnandmeltthroughmostsubstances.Spaceshipsspedthroughspaceandlandedonhugerealistic-lookingspacestations.38WhenStarWarsfirstcameoutin1977mostmovietheaterswerestandalonebuildingswithjustonemoviescreen.UsingthemoneyStarWarshadmadeforthemmovie-theaterownersbuiltmoretheatersleadingtothemultiplexes(多影厅影院)thatarecommontoday.Theatersneededmoremoviestoshowonalltheadditionalmoviescreensandinallthenewmultiplexes.Sonewmoviecompaniessprangupincludingsmallonescreatingexperimentalmovies.39Someofthemethodsbecamepopularandothersfailed.ButthankstoStarWarspeoplegottoseenewtypesofmovies.4()Therehadbeenmoviecontinuationspreviouslybuttheywereoftenjustpoorimitationsofthefirstmovie.TheStarWarsmovieswereallpopular.Therehavebeentwotrilogies(三部曲)sofarwithmoreplanned.Theytriedoutnewtechniques.Infactitwasquiteold-fashioned.Moviegoershadneverseenanythinglikeit.Thusaudiencebegantoenjoysciencefictionmoviesthere.StarWarswasthefirstreallysuccessfulmovietrilogyinhistory.Ifyouarenotafanyouarestilllikelyfamiliarwiththesewords.Ifyouareamoviemakeryoumaybeinspiredbythisclassicfilm.第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分3()分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项InmanywaysGitanjaliRaoisanordinary11-year-oldlivelyandchattyyetherscientificspiritmakesahugedifference.Lastmonthshe41thetopprizeattheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScientistChallengeforherinvention.What42Gitanjalisworkwasthathercityfacedawateremergencywithtoomuchleadinitswater.Theideadidnt43tomeuntilIsawmyparentstrytodowatertests.Theteststripsmayshowinaccurateresultswhichwerentvery44Sherecalls.Shethensearchedforsuitablematerialswithcontinuedeffortsand45foundthatcarbonnanotube(纳米管)sensorscanbeusedtosensechemicals.Gitanjali46tobuildasmallbluehousingusingthe3-Dprinteratherschoolwithcomputerchipsandabatteryinside.AfreeappwhichGitanjalidesignedunder47fromhercomputerscienceteachergivesinstant48andsendsthedatatoalinkedphonethroughanattacheddevice.Theprocessofdesigningherprojectwasntalways49though.KathleenShaferascientistpairedwithGitanjaliasherteacherinsummer50alongtheway.IntheawardceremonyGitanjalialso51herparentswithconstantsupportand52totry“crazyideasn.Gitanjalireceived$25000tofurtherdevelopherprogramalongwiththegreat53ofwinningthecontest.AccordingtoShaferwho54Gitanjali“sheshowsalotofmotivationtosolve55issuesthroughscience”.第二节(共1()小题每小题
1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式DuringthesummerholidayIhadthechancetovisitPingtangCountyGuizhouProvinceinsouthwestChina.Its56experienceIwillneverforget.TravelingtoGuizhoubyhigh-speedrailfromBeijingI57astonishattherapidchangeinsceneryfromskyscraperstobeautifultree-filledmountains58restunderaclearbluesky.UponarrivalIvisitedthePingtangInternationalExperiencePlanetariumwhichdisplaysChinas59remarkachievementsinscienceandspacetechnology.TheFive-hundred-meterApertureSphericalradioTelescopeFASTthereisthelargestoneofitskindintheworld.TovisitFASTvisitorsarenotpermitted_59bringanyelectronicdevicesduetosecuritymeasures.Sotheymustrecordthisonce-in-a-lifetimemomentwiththeirheartsandminds.61truthfulmyfavoritepartofthetripwasmypersonalinteractionwiththelocalcommunity.FollowingtheinstructionsIworkedontwocommunityfarmswenthikingandswam62afreshcommunityriveralongsidefish.IwaseducatedontheregionalhistoryoftheMiaopeople63cultureisrichinfashionfoodpotteryandmusic.Afterthisadventuremy64appreciateforChineseculturehassnowballed.WhileIamcontentlivingandworkinginBeijingPingtangCountyinGuizhouhasopenedmyeyestotheendlesspositive65possibilityChinahastooffer.第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华,校英语学习俱乐部负责人你们邀请到了Smith教授在线作主题为HowtoWriteandEnjoyPoems”专题讲座请你在讲座前作简要发言,内容包括.表示感谢;.相关介绍;.对听众的要求注意.词数80左右;.请在答题卡的相应位置作答DearfellowstudentsThatsallthankyou.第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文Hectorstoodinthefrontofhisfifth-gradeclassroomasoneofthelasttwocompetitorsintheRoomFiveGeographyBee.HisopponenthavingmissedthelastquestionitwasHectorsturn.IfheansweredhisquestioncorrectlyhewouldbetheRoomFivechampion.uWheredidIputthatsecondsheetofquestionsnMr.Adlerwhisperedwhilesearchingthroughathickpileofpapersonhismessydesk.Mr.Adlerthoughagreatteacherhadareputationofbeingdisorganizedwithalonghistoryofmisplacingthings.“OhwellIapologizeforthedelay.saidMr.Adlerafterwhatseemedlikealongtime.HectorpleasetellusthecapitalcityofBrazil.MHearingthequestionHectorsmiled.Thentherewastheanswer.
41.A.earnedB.designedC.offeredD.made
42.A.exposedB.improvedC.definedD.inspired
43.A.stickB.belongC.occurD.apply
44.A.simpleB.reliableC.predictableD.creative
45.A.initiallyB.immediatelyC.temporarilyD.eventually
46.A.managedB.promisedC.pretendedD.happened
47.A.observationB.commandC.instructionD.control
48.A.accessB.resultsC.decisionsD.approval
49.A.optionalB.completeC.continuousD.smooth
50.A.changedB.riskedC.helpedD.followed
51.A.stressesB.creditsC.impressesD.provides
52.A.encouragementB.requestC.struggleD.pressure
53.A.fortuneB.intentionC.honorD.potential
54.A.keepsupwithB.getsalongwithC.takescareofD.speakshighlyof
55.A.commercialB.practicalC.academicD.systematic。