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被动语态复习A.熟记结构被动语态的结构为“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(p.p)”被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的,其人称和数方面应与主语保持全都其详细变化为一般现在时am/is/are+p.p.一般过去时was/were+p.p.一般将来时shall/willbe+p.p.现在完成时have/hasbeen+p.p.现在进行时am/is/are+being+p.p.过去将来时should/wouldbe+p.p.含情态动词的被动结构情态动词+be+p.p.例如(DChinesebythelargestnumberofpeople.A.speakB.isspeakingC.speaksD.isspoken
②Theboytogetsupperreadyafterschool.A.weretoldB.istellingC.wastoldD.tells©AlotofnewroadsbuiltinthewestofChina.A.mustB.mustbeC.hasD.haveB.明确用法被动语态常用于以下两种状况.不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者;.强调动作的承受者例如这棵树是那个男孩弄断的Thetreebythatboy.C.娴熟转换.将主动语态变被动语态的基本方法为
①将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语;
②谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”,并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态;
③主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语,组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后(有时by短语可以省略).被动语态的一般疑问句是将一个助动词置于主语之前;否定句是在第一个助动词后加not;特别疑问句的语序为疑问词+一般疑问句例如(DYoumustthrowthebrokenpotteryawayatonce.Thebrokenpotteryatonce.(同义句)
②Wheredidtheygrowvegetables(改为被动语态)WherevegetablesD.留意特例将主动语态变被动语态应留意几个特别状况
1.含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时,有两种方法
①将间接宾语变为主语,直接宾语保持不变;
②将直接宾语变为主语,间接宾语用介词t或for引导例如
①Hetoldusastory.(变被动语态)-Weweretoldastory(byhim).或Astorywastoldtousbyhim.
②Hermothergaveheranewpen.(变被动语态)Anewpenherbyhermother.
2.短语动词的被动语态在变为被动语态时,要将短语动词视为一个整体,其后的介词或副词不能省去例如
①Thisdictionarymustntfromthelibrary.A.takeawayB.takenawayC.aretakenawayD.betakenaway
②ShewiHtakegoodcareofthechi1dren.(变被动语态)Thechildrenwill(byher)..含有复合宾语的主动结构变被动结构时,通常将宾语变为被动句的主语,而宾语补足语就成为主语补足语留意省略to的不定式作宾补时,不定式符号to必需补上例如SomeonesawhimswiminQianlingLakeyesterday.(变被动)HeswiminQianlingLakeyesterday..不定式的被动结构动词不定式的被动语态为“tobe+过去分词”例如Theradiosaysawildanimalzooistoinourcity.A.bebuildingB.buildC.bebuiltD.built.以疑问代词开头的疑问句转换成被动句时要留意词序应将主动句中的疑问代词改为介词by的宾语,但仍旧放在句子开头例如Whohasbrokenthecup(改为被动语态)-^BywhomhasthecupbeenbrokenE.留意区分被动语态和过去分词作表语的区分1)含义不同被动语态强调动作,重点说明动作由谁完成、怎样完成;而过去分词作表语通常用来描写情景,叙述人或事物的特征及所处的状态试比较Thewindowisbroken.窗子破了(系表结构)Thewindowisbrokenbyhim.窗子被他打破了(被动语态)2)用法不同过去分词作表语时可以被soveryt等程度副词修饰,而被动语态则不能用soverytoo修饰,而需用muchverymuchsomuchtoomuch修饰试比较Hewasveryinterestedinscience.他对科学有极大爱好(系表结构)IwassomuchsurprisedatthescenethatIdidnrtknowwhattodo.我被那种场面搞得大吃一惊,不知所措(被动语态)F.牢记(相关)句型学校教材中与被动语态相关的句型有becoveredwith被掩盖bemadeof由制作(发生物理变化)bemadefrom由制作(发生化学变化)bemadein由(某地)制造bemadeby被(某人)制造beusedfor被用来beusedas被当作(作为)来使用beusedtodosth.被用来做某事Itissaidthat...据说Itishopedthat...盼望11iswe11knownthat...众所周知例如
①一Yourcoatlooksnice.Isitcotton一Yes.It!sShanghai.A.madeof;madebyB.madeof;madeinC.madefor;madebyD.madefor;madeinDThismachineisusedtheroomwet.A.forkeepingB.askeepingC.keepD.tokeeping
③据说在南京长江上又在建一座桥thatisbeingovertheChangjiangRiverinNanjing.几种特别的被动语态.带不定式的被动语态Thechildissuretobepunishedforthat.那个孩子确定会由于那件事受罚的.带介词的动词短语的被动语态?Suchathinghasneverbeenheardof.这件事前所未闻.带副词的动词短语的被动语态Theradiohasjustbeenturnedoff.收音机刚刚被关上.当sellwashcleanrunridewearwrite等动词若有状语welleasilybadly来修饰时,用主动形式表达被动意义Thepenwriteswell.这枝钢笔写字流畅Thebookse11swe
11.这本书很畅销被动语态专项练习
一、选择题
1.anewlibraryinourschoollastyearA.Is;builtB.Was;builtC.Does;buildD.Did;build
2.Anaccidentonthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened
3.Cotton棉花inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow
4.Sofarthemoonbymanalready.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited
5.AtalkonChinesehistoryintheschoolhallnextweek.A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives
6.HowmanytreesthisyearA.areplantedB.wi1lplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted
7.Alotofthingsbypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone
8.一一Whenthiskindofcomputers一一Lastyear.A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used
9.TheGreatWallallovertheworld.A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown
10.WhothisbookA.did;writtenB.was;writtenbyC.did;writtenD.was;written
11.AstorybyGrannyyesterday.A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.istoldusD.toldus
12.Themonkeywasseenoffthetree.A.jumpB.jumpsjumpedD.tojump
13.Theschoolbagbehindthechair.A.putsB.canbeputC.canbeputtedD.canput
14.Olderpeoplewell.
15.Ourteachercarefully.A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelistenC.belistenedD.islistened
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空1・Itssaid据说thatthelongbridgebuildintwomonths.Wheretohavethemeetingdiscussnow.WhichlanguagethemostwidelyspeakintheworldThelostboynotfindsofar.Lastyearalargenumberoftreescutdown.Thestudentsoftentelltotakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.Theoldmanisill.Hemustsendtothehospital.Vegetableseggsandfruits(sell)inthisshop.Whatknives(make)ofThey(make)ofmetal(金属)andwood.Canthemagazine(take)outofthelibraryTheroom(clean)bymeeveryday.Thestarscant(see)inthedaytime.Someflowers(water)byLiMingalready.Thiskindofshoes(sell)well.
三、按要求改写下列句子,一空一词IsteagrowninSouthChina(改为主动语态)peopleteainSouthChinalamgivenabirthdaypresentbymyparentseveryyear.(同义句转换)Abirthdaypresentbymyparentseveryyear.Theworkisgoingtobefinishedintwodays.(对划线提问)HowtheworkgoingtobefinishedThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong(改为被动语态)AnEnglishsongbythechildren.Youneedntdoitnow.(改为被动语态)Ttbyyounow.Peopleusemetalformakingniachines(改为被动语态)Metalmakingmachines.Hemademedothatforhini.(改为被动语态)Ithatforhim.Theyarewatchingthefootballmatch.Thefootballmatchbythem.Didtheybuildabridgehereayearago(改为被动语态)abridgeherebythemayearagoTheyhavesoldoutthelightgreendresses.(改为被动语态)Thelightgreendressesout.Wecallthegame“Lianliankan”.(改为被动语态)ThegameLianliankanbyus.
四、依据所给汉语完成句子,一空一词(1X10=10分)
①Thenewbike(买给我)bymyparentsasapresentlastweek.
②yourmobi1ephone(是国产的吗)?
(3)Thewho1emountainis(掩盖)thesnow.强化训练.Ifcitynoisesfromincreasingpeopleshouttobeheardevenatdinner.A.arenotkept;willhavetoB.arenotkept;haveC.donotkeep;willhavetoD.donotkeep;haveto.Thefifthgenerationcomputerswithartificialintelligenceareandperfectednow.A.developedB.havedevelopedC.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped.-thesportsmeetmightbeputoff-Yesitalldependsontheweather.A.FvebeentoldBJvetoldC.FmtoldD.Itoldneedonemorestampbeforemycollection..Rainforestsandburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture..Thenewsuspensionbridgebytheendoflastmonth.A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesigned.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwateritlooksasifit..Greatchangesinthecityandalotoffactories.A.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetupB.havetakenplace;havebeensetupC.havetakenplace;havesetupD.weretakenplace;weresetup.Thatsuitover60dollars..-Look!Everythinghereisunderconstruction.-Whafstheprettysmallhousethat_fbr.-Doyoulikethematerial-Yesitverysoft.
12.1tisdifficultforaforeignerChinese.A.writeB.towriteC.tobewrittenD.written
13.Ihavenomorelettersthankyou.A.totypeB.typingC.tobetypedD.typedM.TakecarelDon^droptheinkonyourshirtforiteasily.A.won^washoutB.won^bewashedoutC.isn^washedoutD.isn^washingout
15.Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto
16.ThecomputersonthetableProfessorSmith.
17.-Whatdoyouthinkofthebook-Ohexcellent.It9sworthasecondtime.
18.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed.Thispageneededagain..^anytimes^theboystilldidn^knowhowtodotheexercises.Itissaidthatanewrobotbyhiminafewdays.A.designedB.hasbeendesignedC.willbedesignedD.willhavebeendesigned.Wearelate.Iexpectthefilmbythetimewegettothecinema.A.willalreadyhavestartedB.wouldalreadyhavestartedC.shallhavealreadystartedD.hasalreadybeenstarted
23.Shewillstopshowingoffifnonoticeofher.A.istakenB.takesC.willbetakenD.hastaken
24.DiamondinBrazilin
1971.A.isfoundB.hasbeenfoundC.wasfoundD.hadbeenfbund
25.-tcHaveyoumovedintothenewflat-ttNotyet.TheroomA.hasbeenpaintedB.ispaintedC.paintsD.isbeingpainted.MypicturesuntilnextFriday.A.won^developB.arentdevelopedC.dontdevelopD.won^bedeveloped.Timsincehelosthisjobthreeweeksago.A.hadbeenunemployedB.wasunemployedC.hasbeenunemployedD.hasunemployed
28.Agreatnumberofcollegesanduniversitiessince
1949.A.hasbeenestablishB.havebeenestablishedC.haveestablishedD.hadbeenestablished
29.rilhavetopushthecartothesideoftheroadbecauseweifweleaveithere.A.wouldbefinedB.willbefinedC.willbeingfinedD.willhavebeenfined
30.twoticketsforthenewplayattheGrandTheatreonSatunlay.Shallwegoandseeittogether”A.TheyhavebeengivenB.IhavebeengivenC.IamgivenD.Theyhavegiventome。