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高考英语外刊阅读理解训练一一我们要睡满八小时吗?改编自DowereallyneedeighthoursofsleepThevalueoftimeissomethingthatweoftentakeforgranted.CharlesDarwinmadethepointthatpeoplewhowasteevenjustonehouroftheirtimedontunderstandtheworthoflife.Ifanindividuallivestobeahundredyearsoldthatsonlytwelve-hundredmonths-andwhenyoulookatitasdayshoursandminutesitsquitefrightening.Thequestiontheniswhethereighthoursofsleepeachnightisnecessaryormerelyamyth.Whilemostscientistsagreethatseventoninehoursistheoptimalamountofsleepitsnotthatsimple.Basedonyouragezyoumightneedmoreorlesssleep.Generallyaboutsevenandahalfhoursissufficientforadults.AttheUniversityofSurreySleepResearchCenterresearchersconductedastudyontwogroupsthatsleptforsixandahalfandsevenandahalfhoursrespectively.Thestudyfoundthatthosewhosleptlessexperiencedirritationandreducedconcentrationlevels.Alsothegenesofpeoplewhodidnotgetenoughsleepbecamemoreactivespecificallygenesassociatedwithinflammationtheimmunesystemandstressresponseplusdiabetesandcancerrisks.Oneofthesignificantissuesrelatedtosleepistheconstantpropagationofmythsregardingthesame.ForexamplehaveyoueverheardsomeonesaythatyoucantrainyourselftorequirelessornosleepThatisentirelyuntrue;everyonerequiressomerest.Whileeighthoursmaynotbetheexactnumberandageisanimportantfactortheresindeedacertainamountofsleepweallrequire.Soletususeourtimeefficientlyincludingoursleepinghours.【重点词汇】重点单词Memory[memari]n.记忆,记忆力Essential[IsenJI]adj.必要的关键的Function[fArjkJh]n.功能,作用Brain[brein]n.大脑Store[star]v.储存Retrieve[ritriv]v.检索,取回Short-term[Jbrt^rm]adj.短期的Long-term[logtarm]adj.长期的Hold[hauld]v.拥有,持有Information[mfsmeijh]n.信息,资料Decay[dikei]v.衰退腐败Revisit[ri:vizit]v.重访Weak[wi:k]adj.弱的Biological[baielodjikl]adj.生物学的Trace[treis]n.痕迹Perform[psfoim]v.履行,执行Challenging[tjaebndsirj]adj.具有挑战性的Juggle[d3Age)1]v.同时处理,(尤指)难以应付Simultaneously[simPteimasli]adv.同时地Exercise[eksssaiz]v.锻炼操练Age[eids]n.年龄Shrink[Jrir)k]v.缩小Volume[voljom]n.容量,体积Decline[diklam]v.下降衰退Worth[W30]adj.值得的,有价值的Forgetting[fo:getirj]n./v.忘却,遗忘Frustrating[frAStreitirj]adj.令人沮丧的Natural[naetjrsl]adj.自然的天然的Constant[konst8nt]adj.持续不断的,不变的Usage[ju:sids]n使用应用Sharp[Ja:p]adj.敏锐的渐进的Trivial[trivial]adj.琐碎的,微不足道的Waste[weist]v.浪费挥霍Energy[enadsi]n.能源,精力Encounter[inkaonta]v./n.遭遇邂逅Brainfunction[breinfArjkJh]大脑功能智力活动Concentrationlevel[ikonsantreijhlevl]注意力水平浓度Inflammation[iin.flsmeijbn]n.炎症发炎Immunesystem[imju:nsistam]免疫系统Stressresponse[stresrispons]应激反应Diabetes[idaidbi:tiz]n糖尿病Cancerrisk[kaenssrrisk]癌症风险Perpetuate[p9petjueit]v.永久保持,使不朽Trainoneself[treinWAnself]自我训练Optimal[Dptim
(9)l]adj.最佳的最理想的Complicated[komplikeitid]adj.复杂的,难懂的Infant「infant]n.婴JI幼JLIrritation[iiriteijh]n.烦恼生气Remembrance[rimembrans]n.回1Z名己念Recall[rikoil]v.回【阅读理解练习题】WhatdidCharlesDarwinsayaboutwastingtimePeoplewhowasteevenonehouroftheirtimedontunderstandtheworthoflife.Peoplewhowasteevenonedayoftheirtimedontunderstandtheworthoflife.Peoplewhowasteevenoneyearoftheirtimedontunderstandtheworthoflife.Peoplewhowastetimeunderstandtheworthoflifebetterthanthosewhodont.答案A解析文章第一句提到了CharlesDarwin对时间价值的看法,他认为那些浪费了甚至只是一个小时时间的人没有理解生命的价值Howmanymonthsdoesapersonliveiftheymakeitto100yearsoldlz200120002400030000答案Ae解析文章第二句中提到如果一个人活到100岁,那么只有1200个月时间,也就是说非常宝贵IseighthoursofsleepnecessaryforeveryoneYeseveryoneneedsexactlyeighthoursofsleep.Noztheamountofsleepneededvariesfrompersontopersonandisinfluencedbyage.YestheUniversityofSurreystudyfoundthatthosewhosleptlessexperiencedirritationandreducedconcentrationlevels.Noitsamyththatpeopleneedanyspecificamountofsleep.答案B解析文章第三句指出充足的睡眠时间大约应该是七个半小时,因为不同年龄段的人需要的睡眠时间可能会有所不同WhatwastheresultofthestudyconductedattheUniversityofSurreySleepResearchCenterPeoplewhosleptlessexperiencedimprovedconcentrationlevels.Peoplewhosleptlessexperiencedreducedcancerrisks.Peoplewhosleptlessexperiencedincreasedstressresponseandinflammation.Peoplewhosleptlessexperiencednohealthrisks.答案Ce解析在UniversityofSurrey睡眠研究中心的研究表明,睡眠不足会导致患炎症、免疫系统和压力反应方面的健康问题以及增加糖尿病和癌症的风险CanapersontrainthemselvestorequirelessornosleepYeszitisentirelypossible.Nozthisisentirelyuntrue.Itdependsonhowmuchsleeptheycurrentlyget.Itdependsontheirage.答案Bo解析文章指出这个说法是一个错误的谣言,并不存在可以训练自己少或者不需要休息的情况IseveryonesoptimalamountofsleepseventoninehoursYestherearenoexceptions.Noitvariesbasedonageandotherfactors.YesztheUniversityofSurreystudyfoundthatsevenandahalfhoursistheoptimalamountforeveryone.Nozeveryoneneedsexactlyeighthoursofsleep.答案Bo解析虽然大多数科学家都认为七到九个小时是最佳的睡眠时间,但是文章也指出不同的年龄段需要的睡眠时间可能会有所不同WhatisoneofthesignificantissuesrelatedtosleepMythsabouttheamountofsleeppeopleneed.Thecostofmattressesandpillows.Rumorsaboutwhichfoodscanhelpyousleepbetter.Conflictingscientificstudiesonthebenefitsofsleeping.答案Ao解析文章的第五段谈到了与睡眠相关的传言,其中提到人们在这方面的认识可能不准确ShouldweuseourtimeefficientlyincludingoursleepinghoursYesbecausetimeisvaluableandwerequiresomeamountofsleep.Noitsbettertowastetimeandnotworryaboutgettingenoughsleep.Itdoesntmatteraslongasweareproductiveduringourwakinghours.Noneoftheabove.答案Ae解析文章最后一句表明,我们应该充分利用时间,包括睡眠时间,因为时间很宝贵,每个人都需要一定的睡眠【全文逐句对照翻译】我们常常认为时间的价值是理所当然的Thevalueoftimeissomethingthatweoftentakeforgranted.查尔斯•达尔文曾说过,浪费哪怕一个小时的人是不懂得生命的价值的CharlesDarwinmadethepointthatpeoplewhowasteevenjustonehouroftheirtimedontunderstandtheworthoflife.如果一个人活到一百岁,那只有一千二百个月——当你把它看成天、小时和分钟时,这是相当可怕的Ifanindividuallivestobeahundredyearsoldzthatsonlytwelve-hundredmonths-andwhenyoulookatitasdayshoursandminutesitsquitefrightening.那么问题来了,每晚8小时的睡眠是必要的还是只是一个神话Thequestiontheniswhethereighthoursofsleepeachnightisnecessaryormerelyamyth.虽然大多数科学家都认为7到9小时是最佳睡眠时间,但事情并没有那么简单Whilemostscientistsagreethatseventoninehoursistheoptimalamountofsleepitsnotthatsimple.根据你的年龄,你可能需要更多或更少的睡眠Basedonyouragezyoumightneedmoreorlesssleep.一般来说,7个半小时左右的睡眠对成年人来说就足够了Generallyaboutsevenandahalfhoursissufficientforadults.在萨里大学睡眠研究中心,研究人员对两组人进行了一项研究,他们分别睡了六个半小时和七个半小时AttheUniversityofSurreySleepResearchCenterresearchersconductedastudyontwogroupsthatsleptforsixandahalfandsevenandahalfhoursrespectively.研究发现,那些睡日民较少的人会感到烦躁,注意力也会下降Thestudyfoundthatthosewhosleptlessexperiencedirritationandreducedconcentrationlevels.此外,睡眠不足的人的基因变得更加活跃,特别是与炎症、免疫系统、压力反应以及糖尿病和癌症风险相关的基因Alsothegenesofpeoplewhodidnotgetenoughsleepbecamemoreactivespecificallygenesassociatedwithinflammationtheimmunesystemandstressresponseplusdiabetesandcancerrisks.与睡眠有关的一个重要问题是关于睡眠的神话不断传播Oneofthesignificantissuesrelatedtosleepistheconstantpropagationofmythsregardingthesame.例如,你是否听过有人说过,你可以训练自己减少或不需要睡眠?Forexamplehaveyoueverheardsomeonesaythatyoucantrainyourselftorequirelessornosleep这完全是不真实的;Thatisentirelyuntrue;每个人都需要休息everyonerequiressomerest.虽然8小时可能不是确切的数字,年龄也是一个重要因素,但我们确实都需要一定的睡眠时间Whileeighthoursmaynotbetheexactnumberandageisanimportantfactortheresindeedacertainamountofsleepweallrequire.所以让我们有效地利用我们的时间,包括我们的睡眠时间Soletususeourtimeefficientlyincludingoursleepinghours.。