高三英语二轮复习阅读理解专题健康类专题专项训练

真题练习2022乙卷TheGovernmentssugartaxonsoftdrinkshasbroughtinhalfasmuchmoneyasMinistersfirstpredicteditwouldgeneratethefirstofficialdataonthepolicyhasshown.FirstannouncedinApril2016thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100mlwasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity（月巴胖）.Itisbelievedthattodayschildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimestherecommendedlevelofsugarputtingthematahigherriskofthedisease.Initiallythesugartaxwasexpectedtomake£520mayearfortheTreasury.Howeverdataofthefirstsixmonthsshoweditwouldmakelessthanhalfthisamount.Atpresentitisexpectedtogenerate£240mfortheyearendinginApril2019whichwillgotoschoolsports.Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturers（制造商）sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.Drinksnowcontain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultofmanufacturerseffortstoavoidthechargeaccordingtoTreasuryfigures.SinceAprildrinkscompanieshavebeenforcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugarydrinktheyproduceorimportdependingonthesugarcontent.HoweversomehighsugarbrandslikeClassicCocaColahaveacceptedthesugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuicesmilk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetaxasaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthanImlitresperyear.Todaysfiguresaccordingtoonegovernmentofficialshowthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities（设施）andhealthiereatinginschools.Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportanceandtheindustryisplayingitspart.WhywasthesugartaxintroducedA.Tocollectmoneyforschools.B.Toimprovethequalityofdrinks.C.Toprotectchildrenshealth.D.Toencourageresearchineducation.HowdidsomedrinkscompaniesrespondtothesugartaxA.Theyturnedtooverseasmarkets.B.Theyraisedthepricesoftheirproducts.C.Theycutdownontheirproduction.D.Theyreducedtheirproducts*sugarcontent.FromwhichofthefollowingisthesugartaxcollectedA.Mostalcoholicdrinks.B.Milk-baseddrinks.C.Fruitjuices.D.ClassicCoke.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolicyA.Itisashort-sighteddecision.B.Itisasuccessstory.C.Itbenefitsmanufacturers.D.Itupsetscustomers.A.Bycarryingoutdetailedinterviews.B.Byfocusingonbothgirlsandboys.C.Byanalyzingthesocialmediacontents.D.Bystudyingalargernumberofteenagers.WhatdoesRussellVinersayaboutsocialmediaItdoesntcauseanymentalproblemsinteenagers.Itsabusemaynegativelychangethehealthylifestyle.Itsharmfulcontentsshouldbereducedimmediately.Itencouragessocialinteractionsamongyoungpeople.WhichofthefollowingbestexplainsnremediesHunderlinedinparagraph6A.Measures.B.Effects.C.Experiments.D.Differences.WhatistheauthorspurposeinwritingthetextA.Toprovetheharmfuleffectsofsocialmedia.B.Toshowtheproperwaytousesocialmedia.C.Topresentrelatedstudiesanddiscoveries.D.Tointroduceanimportantnewdiscovery.HaveyoueverthoughtthatyourlifewillbeperfectifsomethinginyouroutsideworldchangesYoumaysayHIwilllivehappilyifIfindmysoulmate.YoumaysayHIftheperfectjobcomesalongIwillgetsatisfaction.Myproblemisthatmybossisstupid.OryoumaysaynIfIhaveachildIwillknowwhatitisliketobeloved.nTheproblemisthatitisnottheoutsideworldthatpreventsyoufromexperiencingpeaceloveandjoy.Insteaditisyourowninternal（内部的）patternsthatgetinyourway.ToprovethispointatmyweekendprogramsIhadmystudentslookatafloweronmytable.ThenIaskedthemtosharetheirexperiences.Someshowedastateofcompletejoybecausestaringattheflowerremindedthemoftheirweddingoragreattripwiththeirlovers.Otherssaidtheflowermadethemangrybecauseitremindedthemofagiftgivenbyaformerpartnerwhoturnedagainstthem.Somestudentseventoldmethattheflowerremindedthemoftheirbelovedgrandmothersgardenswithsomesheddingtears（流》目）ofjoyandotherssheddingtearsofsadness.Howevertheflowerwasstilljustaflower.Ourinternalpatternsdecidewhethereachmomentisfilledwithpeaceangerjoyloveorsadness.Whenyoudontrealizethatitisyourowninternalstatethatiscreatingyourexperienceyouarelikelytoblame（责备）theexternalsituationsinyourlife.Mostpeoplearenttaughtthatemotionisachoice.Andtheyarenttaughthowtochangethoseloweremotionalpatternssuchasangeranxietysadnessandsoon.Nexttimewhenyoumeetsomethingbadpleaselookatyourinternalstate.Whenyouacceptthatyouareresponsibleforyourownstateandfindthecouragetoturninwardyoucanstepoutofbeingaslavetowhatshowsupinyourexternalworld.WhydoestheauthormentiontheexamplesinParagraph1A.Toleadtothetopicofthispassage.B.Tocomplainaboutimperfectlife.C.Toshowcommonproblemsinlife.D.Toencouragepeopletochangetheoutsideworld.HowdoestheauthorprovehisopinionA.Bygivingexamples.B.Bydoinganexperiment.C.Bytellingarelatedstory.D.Bycomparingotherpeoplesopinions.WhatdoestheauthoradviseustodointhelastparagraphA.Tostepoutofnegativeemotions.B.Topayattentiontoourinternalworld.C.Toshareourrealemotionswithothers.D.Tousedifferentmethodstochangebademotions.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressthroughthepassageA.Ourexternalworldmattersalot.B.Ouremotionscanaffectourhealth.C.Ourinternalpatternstrulydecideouremotions.D.Ourexperienceshaveagreatinfluenceonouremotions.Thatoldsaying“Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway“mayholdsometruth.InfactonestudyfoundthatalmosthalfofthedeathsinAmericacausedbyheartdiseasestrokeandtype2diabetes糖尿病werelinkedtopoordiet.Butknowingyoushouldeathealthfullyandactuallydoingitaretwodifferentthingsandmakingtherightchoiceisntanyeasier.TheFreshFoodPharmacyaimstochangethat.ApilotprogramcreatedbytheGeisingerHealthSystemahospitalnetworkinPennsylvaniaandsouthernNewJerseythispharmacyresemblesagrocerystorestocked贮存withfreshproducecannedbeansandmore.Evenbetteritsallfree.Undertheprogrampatientswithtype2diabetesareprescribedaweeksworthoffoodfortheirentirehouseholdanddietitiansshowthemhowtotransformitintohealthymeals.Afterthefirstyearall180participantshadimprovedinkeyhealthmeasurementsinparticulartheirhemoglobinAle糖化血红蛋白levelsthegoldstandardfortrackingbloodsugarcontrol.In2020thecostsassociatedwithdiabetesintheUnitedStateswere245billion.Geisingerwillspendonlyabout$1000annuallyoneachfoodpharmacypatient.DavidFeinbergGeisingerspresidentandCEO，calculatesthatadecreaseinHbA1cofonepointsavesusabout$8000”・Withmanyofthepatientsdroppingthreepointstheprogramcouldsave$24000ormoreayearinhealthcarecosts——aswellasreducetheriskofblindnessandothercomplications.Geisingerisnttheonlyorganizationexperimentingwithproduceprescriptions.Nonprofitsfoodbanksandevendoctorsofficesaroundthecountryhaveconductedprogramsthatbringthefoodismedicine“concepttolife.BostonMedicalCentersPreventiveFoodPantrywasthefirstsuchprograminthecountrywhenitopened.Todayitservesapproximately7000patientsinamonth.

32.WhydoestheauthormentiontheoldsayingA.Tointroduceatopic.B.toshoehisloveforapples.C.todescribethesocialbackground.D.tostresstheimportanceofeatingapples.whatdoestheunderlinewordthat”inparagraph2probablyrefertoA.peopleshighbloodsugar.B.thehospitalnetwork.C.Peoplesawarenessofdieting.D.highpricesofhealthyfood.howmuchmoneycanbesavedif2patientseachdropfourpointsA.$1000B.$8000C.$24000D.$64000whereisthetextmostlikelyfromA.Adiary.B.amagazine.C.Anovel.D.Aguidebook.Asagingpopulationgetsbiggeranddementia（老年痴呆症）morecommonmorefamiliesarestrugglingwithacomplexquestion:Howdoyousupportalovedonewithdementiaespeciallywhenyouhaveafull-timejobandseveralkidsRegUrbanowskimayhaveananswertothispressingissue:ROBOTS.HeandhisteammanagedtodevelopanewtypeofrobotsnamedTProbots.Lookinglikestand-upvacuumcleanersattachedtoaniPadtheycanbeactivatedremotelyviaasmartphoneandguidedremotelybyacontrollerappsimilartothewayamouseisusedonadesktopcomputer.AllpossessaudioandvisualcommunicationcapabilitiesallowingtheoperatortobeintheroomtointeractwithMomorDad.HebelievesthatcaregiversandfamilymemberscanuseaTProbotto“lookirTonpeoplewithmilddementia.Hesays“TProbotsprovideaneffectivesolutionforminimizingcaregiverburdenespeciallyforthosewhohavecareerorotherout-ofhomeactivities.UrbanowskiandhisteamhaveconductedastudythatinvolvesprovidingTProbotsfor15Manitobafamilies.Theserobotsareprogrammedtoprovideremindersofnecessarydailyroutineliketurningoffthegastakingmedicineandhavingdinner.Theywillalsohelpensurepatientsaregettingtheexercisetheyneedtomaintaintheirhealthandwell-being.ErinCrawfordProgramDirectorwiththeAlzheimerSocietyofManitobasaysshehasfaiththatTProbotswillprovebeneficialparticularlywhenitcomestoremindingpeoplewithdementiatodocertainthingsatcertaintimes.Itmeansthatfamilymembersthatcantbethereforwhateverreasonknowthatthosethingsaretillhappeningshesays.

1.WhatinspiredRegUrbanowskiandhisteamtodevelopsuchrobotsexercise.WhafsErinCrawfordsattitudetothefutureofTProbotsWhatdoesthepassagemainlycoverA・ThenewcharacteristicsofTProbots.dementiapatients.C.Apracticalwaytorelievepainfromdementia.inmedicalcommunity.WhenmychildrenhavenotplayedoutsideenoughIcantell.Theirenergylevelsgoupthenoiseincreasesinthehouseandthehouseseemstobeturnedupsidedown.Icanfeelmyownmoodshift.Istartshoutingatthemtobequiettocalmdownandtomoveoutofthehouse.UsuallytheycomplainandtrytocomeupwithreasonswhystayinginisbetterbutIinsist.Withinminutestheyreoutandrunningaroundandanimmediatesenseofcalmfallsonthehouse.SometimesIgivethemaminimumtimelimitsay20minutesbutoftentheyforgetaboutitoncetheyrewrappedupinagame.Kidsneedconsistentdailyoutdoorplay.Indooractivitiesarenotareplacementforoutdooroneswhichiswhyitsuptoparentstoinsistthatchildrengettheirdailycloseoffreshair.Outdoorplaygiveschildrenexerciseoutsideofastructuredgroup-sportenvironmentGiveakidabikeascooteraskateboardandtheirheartratewillberacinginnotimeastheypracticeandtakeprideinnewskills.Outdoorplaybuildscorestrength.Activekidsdragsticksandlogsmoverockscarrybucketsofwaterandspadedirtwhilebuildingfortsdesigningrampsanddiggingholes.Outdoorplayalsogiveschildrenararechancetobeinaspacewithoutfixedrules.Outsidetheyrefreetodoanythingthatentertainsthemwithinreason.Theyreallowedtooperateapartfromparentalorteacheroversightwhichismoreconducivetoimaginativeplayandgettingintoacreativeflowstate.Childrenlearnhowtoassessriskontheirownwhenplayingoutside.Withoutadultstheytrythingsthatpushtheirlimitsbutaremorelikelytolistentotheirbodiesbecausetheyknowtheynreresponsibleforthemselves.Thiscanhelpsetthemupforlonger-termsuccess.Outdoorplaymakeschildrenhappy.Youllseeitwhentheycomeinsidetiredandsatisfiedcheeksandeyesglowing.Andyouasaparentwillfeelhappiertoo.Actuallyyoudonthavetoplaywiththem.Justsitwithabookacoffeeorafriendwatchingateaseandenjoyingthebreakwhiletheyleadtheirownexplorations.Whateffectcould“notplayingoutsideenough”haveonviewersA.Calming.B.Disturbing.C.Harmonious.D.Impressive.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlyfocusonA.Physicalbenefitsfromplayingoutside.B.OveralleffectsfromplayingoutdoorsC.Methodschildrenwouldtrywhenplaying.D.Theenvironmentwherechildrenwouldplay.WhafsaparentsjobwhenchildrenplayoutsideA.Tofollowandplaytogether.B.Toaccompanyandgiverules.C.Toobserveandenjoythescene.D.Todothingstoyourheartscontent.Whatstheauthor*spurposeofwritingthetextA.Toencouragekidstotryplayingoutside.B.Torecommendwaystoplaywithkids.C.Tostressthebenefitsofplayingoutside.D.Toexpandthepossibilitiesofoutdooractivities.Healthyeatingmayofferyoungchildrenanunexpectedgift—itmighthelpthembecomebetterreaders.ResearchersinFinlandfoundstudents1readingskillsimprovedmorebetweenfirstgradeandthirdgradeiftheydidnteatalotofsugaryfoodsorredmeatandiftheirdietconsistedmainlyofvegetablesberriesandotherfruitsaswellasfishwholegrainsandunsaturated不饱和的fats.Theresearchersobserved161Finnishstudents.Theywerebetweentheagesof6and8firstgradetothirdgrade.Theresearchersreviewedthechildrensdietsandtheirreadingabilityusingfooddiariesandstandardizedreadingtests.Ahealthierdietwasassociatedwithbetterreadingskillsbythirdgraderegardlessofhowwellthestudentscouldreadinfirstgradetheresearcherssaid.Anothersignificantobservationisthattheassociationsofdietqualitywithreadingskillswerealsoindependentofmanyotherfactorssuchassocioeconomicstatusphysicalactivitybodyfatandphysicalfitness/5saidEeroHaapalaapostdoctoralresearcherattheUniversityofEasternFinlandandtheUniversityofJyvaskyla.DoesthatmeanparentsofpickyeatersshouldbeconcernedabouttheirchildsreadingabilitiesNotnecessarily.Althoughthisstudyfoundanassociationbetweenthefoodsyoungchildrenateandtheirreadingskillsitdidn*tprovecause-and-effect.Stilltheresearcherssaidparentsschoolsgovernmentsandcorporationsallhaveanopportunitytoenhanceacademicperformanceinschoolsbymakinghealthyfoodsmoreavailabletochildren.InwhichaspectdochildrenbenefitfromhealthydietA.Buildingself-confidence.B.Developingreadingskills.C.Gaininghighgrades.D.Havingphysicalactivity.WhatdidtheresearcherstakeintoconsiderationwhenobservingthechildrenHouseworkmightseemadragbutresearchershavesuggestedtaskslikedustingsweepingfloorsandwashingthewindowsmighthelpadultstostayhealthyintooldage.WritinginthejournalBMJOpenaSingapore-basedteamofresearcherssaidregularphysicalactivityt6improvesphysicalandmentalhealthandrelievestherisksandeffectsofchronicdiseasesamongolderadults”.TheteamrandomlychoseadultsfromthetownofYishuninSingaporeandaskedthemtocompletecognitivefunctiontestsaswellasactivitiestoassesstheirphysicalcapabilitiessuchasstandingupfromachairasquicklyastheycould.Participantswerealsoquizzedontheirlevelsofphysicalactivityincludingtheamountoflighthouseworkandheavyhouseworktheydidandwereassessedfortheirriskofhavingafallbasedonmeasuressuchaskneeextensionstrength.Thestudyinvolved249participantsaged21-64and240participantsaged

6590.Mostofthosewhoreporteddoinghighlevelsofheavyorlighthouseworkwerewomen.Aftertakingintoaccountfactorsincludingageandsextheteamfoundcognitivescoresandattentionscoreswere8%and14%higherrespectivelyforolderadultsdoinghighamountsofheavyhousework-onaverage131minutesaweek-comparedwithlowlevelswhichapnearedtoamounttononeatall.Sit-to-standtimeswerelowerforolderadultsreportinghighamountsofheavyhouseworkcomparedwithlowamountswhiletheywerealsoassessedasbeingatlowerriskofhavingafall.DrShiouLiangWeethecoauthoroftheresearchsaidhealthmessagingonstayingactiveshouldnotjustbeaboutrecreational（娱乐的）physicalactivities.Houseworkisapurposefulactivityperformedbymanyolderadults.Independentofrecreationcommuting（通勒）andotherwork-relatedphysicalactivityheavyhouseworkislinkedtosharpermemoryandbetterfallsprotectioninolderadults/*hesaid.WhatdoestheteamfindA.Houseworkisadragtotheagedregularexercise.C.Onlydoinghouseworkcantheagedstayhealthydangerousfortheaged.Whatisparagraph2mainlyaboutA.Theresearchprocedure.C.Theresearchpurpose.WhatwasconsideredinthestudyA.Intelligenceandage.C.AgeandsexWhatmayShiou-LiangWeeagreewith.Commutingislinkedtosharpermemory.B.HeavyhouseworkequalsrecreationalactivityC.PeopleonlyneedrecreationalphysicalactivityforhealthD.RecreationalphysicalactivityshouldntreplacehouseworkAstudyledbyPlanaRipolladoctoratAarhusUniversityinDenmarktriestodealwithafundamentalquestionthathasbotheredresearchersformorethanacentury-whatexactlycausesmentalillnessInthehopeoffindingtheanswerscientistshavepiledupalargeamountofdataoverthepastdecadethroughstudiesofgenesandbrainactivity.Theyhavefoundthatmanyofthesamegenesunderlieseeminglydistinctdisordersandthatchangesinthebrainsdecisionmakingsystemscouldbeinvolvedinmanyconditions.Theresearchersarealsorethinkingtheoriesofhowourbrainsgowrong.Theideathatmentalillnesscanbeclassifiedintodistinctseparatecategorieslikeanxietyhasbeendisprovedtoalargeextent.Insteadrecentlytheyvefoundthatdisordersshadeintoeachotherandtherearenoharddividinglines.Theresearchersaretryingtounderstandthebiologythatunderliesmentalillness.Theyhaveafewtheories.Perhapsthereareseveraldimensions（维度）ofmentalillnesssodependingonhowapersonscoresoneachdimensiontheymightbemorelikelytohavesomedisordersthanothers.Analternativeideaisthatthereisasinglefactorthatmakespeopleeasiertosufferfrommentalillnessingeneral.Whatdisordertheydevelopisthendeterminedbyotherfactors.Bothideasarebeingtakenseriouslythoughtheformeroneismorewidelyacceptedbytheresearchers.Thedetailsarestillunclearbutmostresearchersagreethatonethingisspecific:Theoldsystemofcategorizingmentaldisordersintoneatboxesdoesnotwork.Theyarealsohopefulthat.inthelongrunreplacingthisframeworkwithonethatisgroundedinbiologywillleadtonewdrugsandtreatments.Theresearchersaimtorevealforinstancethekeygenesbrainregionsandneurologicalprocessesinvolvedinpsychopathology（精神病理学），andtargetthemwithtreatments.Althoughitmighttakeawhiletogettheretheyarelong-termoptimisticifthefieldreallydoesitswork..WhataspectofmentalillnesshasbeenpuzzlingresearchersaccordingtothetextA.Itstheories.B.Itssymptoms.C.Itscategories.DItsroots..WhathavetheresearchersfoundfromtherecentstudyA.Thereexistlinksbetweenmentaldisorders.B.Brainfunctionhaslittletodowithmentalillness.C.Mentalillnessisclassifiedintodifferentcategories.D.Genesarecompletelydifferentindistinctmentaldisorders.Whichoneismorewidelyacceptedbytheresearchersaccordingtoparagraph4A.Thetheoryofgeneticinfluences.B.Thebeliefofbrainabnormalities.C.Theconceptofmultipledimensions.DTheideaofthedeterminedriskfactor..WhatcanwelearnaboutmentalillnessfromthetextA.Itsgenesaretoocomplextostudy.B.ItsnewdrugscanbeavailablesoonC.ResearchersareclearaboutitsdetailsD.Seekingforitsphysiologymighthelp.GrandparentswhohelpoutoccasionallywithchildcareorprovidesupportforothersintheircommunitytendtolivelongerthanseniorswhodonotcareforotherpeopleaccordingtoastudyfromBerlinGermany.Havingnocontactwithgrandchildrenatallcannegativelyimpactgrandparents*health.nsaidSonjaHilbrandoneoftheresearchers.Thefindingsaredrawnfromdataonmorethan500peopleoverage70intheBerlinAgingStudy.Thestudyteamcomparedthisgroupwiththosewhoprovidedsupportfornon-familymemberssuchasneighborsandseniorswhodidnotprovideanycareforotherpeople.Overallafteraccountingforgrandparentsageandgeneralstateofhealththeriskofdyingovera20-yearperiodwasone-thirdlowerforgrandparentswhocaredfortheirgrandchildren.comparedwithgrandparentswhoprovidednochildcareCaregivingwasassociatedwithalongerlifeevenwhenthecarereceiverwasntarelative.Halfofthegrandparentswhocaredforgrandchildrenwerestillalivetenyearsaftertheinitialinterview.Incontrastabouthalfoftheparticipantswhodidnothelpothersdiedwithinfiveyearsafterthestartofthestudy.Caregivingmaygivecaregiversapurposeoflifebecausetheymayfeelusefulforothersandsociety.CaregivingmaybethoughtalsoasanactivitythatkeepscaregiversphysicallyandmentallyactiveHsaidProfessorBrunoArpinoaddingthatcaregivingisnottheonlyactivitythatcanimproveoldpeopleshealth.andtoomanycaringresponsibilitiescantakeawayfromotherbeneficialactivitieslikeworkingbeinginsocialclubsorvolunteering.nChildrenshouldtakeintoaccounttheirparentsneedswillingnessandesiresandagreewiththemonthetimingandamountofchildcare.nhesuggested.⑴WhatdoestheunderlinedwordthoseinParagraph2refertoA.Grandchildren.B.Researchers.C.Findings.D.Seniors.2WhatisTRUEaboutArpino*sopinionaboutcaregivingGrandparentsliveahealthierlifewithrightamountsofcaringwork.Caregiversarehelpfulforgrandparentstofindajobinsocialclubs.Grandparentsarereallythebestchoiceforchildcare.D.Childcaremakesoldpeoplecompletelylosetouchwithsocialactivities.WhatisthemainpurposeofthepassageA.Tosharetheexperienceofcaregivingwithreaders.B.Toreportthefindingsofastudy.C.TogivethesenioradviceonhowtolivelongertheskillsofchildcareWhatisthebesttitleofthetextA.CaregivingandChildrensLifeFamilysHappinessC.CaregivingandOldPeoplesHealthSocialResponsibility2018卷二ManyofusloveJulybecauseitsthemonthwhennaturesberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsformBritishColumbiasfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.OfthecommonberriesstrawberriesarehighestinvitaminCalthoughbecauseoftheirseedsraspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein（蛋白质），ironandzinc（notthatfruitshavemuchprotein）.Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants（抗氧化物质）.TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries（樱桃），theyaresodeliciouswhocaresHowevertheyarerichinvitaminC.Whencombinedwithberriesofslicesofotherfruitsfrozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthickcoolingfruitshakesandlowfat“icecream”.Forthispurposeselectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulikeasqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeksdependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.Ifyouhaveajuiceryoucansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa“soft-serve“creamydesserttobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityfbrachildrensparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.WhatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherriesA.Theycontainprotein.B.TheyarehighinvitaminA.C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.WhyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananasA.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.C.Tospeeduptheirripening.D.Toimprovetheirnutrition.WhatisajuicerinthelastparagraphA.Adessert.B.Adrink.C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.FromwhichisthetextprobablytakenA.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Atravelbrochure.Shinrin-yokumeansforestbathing

1.Forestbathingdoesn*tmeanyoutakeabathintheforest;ratheryousimplygoforawalkinthewoodsoracityparkwhereyourelaxbyusingallyoursensestoexperiencenature.YoshifumiMiyazakifromChibaUniversityisamongagrowingnumberofscientistswhohavebegunstudyingthesciencebehindtheeffectsofnatureonhumanhealth.InhisbookShinin-yoku:TheJapaneseArtofForestBathingMiyazakiexplainsthetechniquesofforestbathing.Miyazakihasaninterestingtheoryaboutwhyshinin-yokuissoeffective.Hepointsoutthatformorethan

99.99%ofthetimehumanshavelivedinanaturalenvironment.Infactin1800only3%oftheworldspopulationlivedincitiesandby2016thisfigurehadreached54%.Thisisonlygoingtogetworse.Officialspredictthatby205066%willhavelivedincities.ThissuggestsweliveinourmodernsocietywithbodiesthatarestillusedtothenaturalenvironmentbecausengenescannotchangeoverjustafewhundredyearsnThesciencebehindtheresearchstudieshepresentsinthebookmakesaconvincingcasethatforestbathingisaneffectivemethodforreducingstressintodaysworld.Nowcityplannersarebecomingincreasinglyawareoftheimportanceofnatureandarecreatingnewkindsofparks”outofemptyspaces.ThereYealsomorecitygardenswherepeoplecangrowvegetables.Forkidskitchengardensinschoolsarebecomingpopular.AsMiyazakistressesyoudonthavetofindaformalparkorgardentopracticeshinrin-yoku.Insteadyoucanenjoytheeffectsofnaturewhereverthereareplants.Betteryethesayswecanbringnatureclosertowherewespendmostofourtime.Miyazakisresearchhasshownthatjustincreasingtheamountofplantsinaroomcanaffecttherelaxationbenefitsoftheroom.Whatsmoreevenwhenpeoplesimplylookatflowerstheirbodiesrelaxandstresslevelsdecrease.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3bCitylifeismoresuitableforhumanbodies.Thetechniquesofforestbathingarechangingfast..Theprocessofurbanizationisspeedinguprecently.Humangeneshavebeenmodifiedoverafewhundredyears.WhydoesforestbathingworkeffectivelyaccordingtoMiyazakiA.Peoplecannecessarilygetexerciseinnature.B.Forestscontainvarietiesofmedicinalplants.C.Humanbodiesarestillaccustomedtonature.D.Forestbathingmakespeopleescapefromreality.WhichofthefollowingwillMiyazakiagreewithonforestbathingA.Itismeantforofficeworkers.B.Wecanenjoyitwhereverwelive.C.Itisinconvenientformanyfamilies.D.Weneedtogototheprimitiveforestoften.WhatisthebesttitleforthetextA.StressreliefthroughbathingeverydaybathingC.DifferentfunctionsofforestbathingbathingNewresearchhasfoundthatchildhoodadversity（逆境）suchasparentalconflictdeathofaclosefamilymemberorseriousinjurybeforetheageofninewasassociatedwithmentalhealthproblemsinlateadolescence.Howevertheresearchalsoshowsthatimprovingtherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildrencouldpreventsubsequentmentalhealthproblemseveninchildrenwhohaveexperiencedsevereadversities.Theresearchalsoindicatesthatimprovingachildsself-esteemandincreasingtheirlevelsofphysicalactivitycanhelptoreducetheriskofdevelopingmentalhealthproblems.ThestudyledbyresearchersfromRCSIUniversityofMedicineandHealthSciencesisrecentlypublishedinPsychologicalMedicine.Theresearchteamanalyzeddatafromover6000childreninIrelandwhotookpartintheGrowingUpinIrelandstudy.Theresultsshowedthatjustoveraquarterofchildrenhadexperiencedchildhoodadversitybeforetheageofnine.Atage17and18almostoneinfiveoftheyoungpeoplewereexperiencingsignificantmentalhealthdifficulties.

15.2%haddevelopedinternalisingproblemssuchasanxietyordepressionand

7.5%haddevelopedexternalisingproblemssuchasconductproblemsorhyperactivity（多动）.Childrenwhoexperiencemultipleorseverelifeeventsareatanincreasedriskofmentalhealthproblemsbutnotallofthoseexposedtosucheventsdevelopsuchprob-lems.Ourresearchpointstosomefactorsthatcanbeusefulforoffsettingtheriskofmentalhealthproblemsinthosewhohavebeenexposedtodifficultlifeevents/1saidDrColmHealythestudysleadauthor.nAmongchildrenwhohaveexperiencedadversitywefoundthatreducingconflictbetweentheparentandchildandfosteringawarmrelationshipcanprotectthemfromabroadrangeoflatermentalhealthproblems1saidProfessorMaryCannonthestudysprincipalinvestigatorandprofessorofPsychiatricEpidemiologyandYouthMentalHealthatRCSI.OnthewholethisisahopefulstorythatpointstowardseffectiveinterventionstoimproveoutcomesforchildrenwhohadexperienceddifficultiesearlyinlifeProfessorMaryCannonadded.InwhichaspectcanthestudyresultbeappliedA.Howtoavoidchildhoodadversity.B.Howtoerasechildrensbadmemory.C.Howtodefinechildrensconductproblems.D.Howtodealwithchildrensmentalhealthproblems.HowdidtheresearchteamcarryoutthestudyA.Byanalyzingstatistics.B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Bydoingaquestionnaire.D.Bygatheringmedicalrecords.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordnoffsettingninparagraph4meanA.Treating.B.Decreasing.C.Exposing.D.Interrupting.WhatisMarryCannonsattitudetowardsthestudyA.Indifferent.B.Opposed.C.Hopeful.D.Ambiguous.Guiltcomesinallsortsofforms.Wemayfeelguiltybecauseofaspecificactionwehavedone.Itsageneralfeelingthatcomesfromavarietyoffactors一thingsthathavenothingtodowithusbutneverthelesscontinuetothreatenourhappiness.Itisnormalformanyofustofeellikewearetoblameforeverythingleadinguptothefailure.ManyofuswereraisedtosaynSorryforeverythingeventhoughsomethingmaynothavebeenourfault.ButImheretotellyoutoknockthatoff.Inordertoovercomeguiltyoumustforgiveyourself.Forgivenessisagiftthatweareusuallygenerousingivingothersathomeoratwork.Yetforsomereasonwedontaffordourselvesthesameluxury.Theonlypersonyouhaveletdownisyourselfbynotbeingkindertoyou.Youdeservetobreathetodreambigandplanforthefu-turetolaughagaintonotbejudged.Acceptingresponsibilityforyourownshortcomingsandworkingonthemtoavoidmistakesinthefutureisonething.Butconstantlyblamingyourselfforthingsinthepastisneitherhelpfulnorhealthyanddoesntchangeasinglething.Sowhynotputthatenergyyouspendonfeelingbadaboutthepastintosomethinglikecreatingthegoodlifeyoudeserveandthechancetostartover!Stopfeelingguiltynow.Sureyouhavemademistakesinthepast.ButwhohasntWhenawaveofguilthitsyoupleaserememberthis:guiltisyourpastholdingyouprisoner.Itsimpossibletoplanforthefutureifyoukeepholdingyourselfinthepast.Nowitsyourturn!Writedownthespecificthingsthataremakingyoufeelguiltythenneutralize（中和）themwiththecompassionyoudeserveDothiswhenevertheguiltsneaksuponyouandaslongasyouaremindfulandconsistentwiththispracticeyoucankeepthenGuiltMonster1atbay.WhydowefeelguiltyA.Wearealwaysbehindothers.B.Wetendtoblameourselves.C.Weusuallysharethefeelingwithothers.D.Weoftenwantmorehappiness.-WhatshouldyoudoaftermakingamistakeaccordingtotheauthorA.Donttakeontoomuchresponsibility.B.BlameYourselfproperly.C.Ignoreandforgetit.D.Avoiditnexttime.Whatwillhappenifyou*realwaysthinkingthepastA.Youllmakefewermistakeslater.B.Youllruinyourfuture.C.Youllfeellessguilty.D.Youllfallintoatrap.WhatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetextA.ThesecrettobeatingyourguiltC.BriefintroductionofguiltRememberbeingtoldbyyourmothertongooutandplay”，Sheisright.Asidefromfunandexercisetheresanotheradvantagetobeingoutdoors:thebetterimmune（免疫的）system.Andthisisnotjustforkidseveryonecanbenefitfromalittlebiodiversity.AstudypublishedinScienceAdvancesshowsthatchildrensimmunemarkersimprovedafterjustfourweeksofplayinginnature.Researcherslookedatagroupofchildrenaged3to5yearsoldattendaycarecentersintwoFinnishcities!Theplaygroundattheurbandaycarecenterswereconstructedfrommanmadeinorganicmaterials.Theresearcherstransformedtheseurbanplaygroundstoforestfloorscompletewithgrasssoilandplantersfilledwithflowers.Childrenwereencouragedtoclimbonthemplayanddigintheearthandbeinvolvedinthegardening.Comparingtheimmunesystemofthechildrenbeforeandafterresearchersnoticedahugeimprovementinchildrenwhoattendedtheurbandaycaresafterjust28days.Theoutcomeoffershopeforimprovinghealthespeciallyforthoselivingincities.AlackofbiodiversityincitiesismakingtheworldsickaccordingtotheWorldEconomicForum（WEF）notingthaturbanresidentshavemoreillnesses.TheWEFisalsoconnectingthistoalossofbiodiversityincities.Manycitieshavepavedthegreenspaceswithconcreteleavingurbaniteswithlessaccesstobiodiversityandalackofwhatisreferredtoas“oldfriendmicrobes（彳散生物）“Foundinforestsandgrasslandstheplaceswheremanoriginallyevolvedthesemicrobesstrengthenandregulateourimmunesystems.TheFinnishresearchshowsthatinteractionwithmicrobiologicallydiversedirtandplantscanimproveboththeskinandgutmicrobiota（月勿道菌群）.AssoilisoneofthemostbiodiversehabitatsontheplanettheWEFrecommendsthatadultsandchildrenalikeshouldbegettingdirtyandtouchingtheearthThenexttimeyousuggestyourchildrengooutandplayjointhem.Headoutsidetoagreenspaceandbecomereacquaintedwiththoseoldfriendmicrobes!

28.WhydidtheresearcherstransformtheplaygroundatthedaycarecenterA.Togetthekidstodohousework.B.Tourbanizethepresentenvironment.C.Tocreatemorenaturalenvironments.D.Toentertainthekidsandtheirparents.29-WhydothoselivingincitieshavemorediseasesaccordingtotheWEFA.Theyaretoobusytoplayandrelax.B.Theyareunwillingtogointonature.C.Theypaynoattentiontotheirhealth.D.Theyhavelessaccesstobiodiversity.WhatistheWEF*sadviceforadultsandchildrenA.Livingfarawayfromcities.B.Gettingexposedtonature.C.Keepingcleanandhealthy.D.Avoidinggettingdirtyinnature.WhatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetextA.ImprovingKids*HealthProvesUrgentB.JoinYourChildreninFunnyActivitiesC.NatureCanBenefittheImmuneSystemD.ChildrensImmuneSystemIsImprovingSalesofgreenteaarerisingintheUSandtheUKdrivenlargelybyevidenceofthehealthbenefits.Soitsfunnythatalittleoveracenturyagothisso-calledsuper-foodwasconsideredassuper-toxic.Formostofthe19thcenturytherewaslessconcernaboutthedangersoftakingdrugsthantherewasaboutthenegativesideeffectsofdrinkinggreenteawritesMatthewSweetinhisbookInventingtheVictorians.ReadersofVictorianjournalismwereusedtoseeingreportsthatgreentealedtohorribleillnesses.Thereforeteadrinkerseventuallyturnedtoblacktea.Tobefairtherefusalofgreenteashouldbeblamedtothebusinessmen.Thoughbothblackandgreenteasaremadefromtheleavesofthesameplantblackteaisdrierthanthegreenteasomorecouldbepackedintotheshipwithlowerriskofdamage.Buttherealproblemwithgreenteawasthatdishonestbusinessmenaddedtheleavesofotherplantstothetealeavesinordertoincreasetheweight.Adulterated（搀假）teawassocommonthatwhenshopsinLondonattemptedtosellpuregreenteapeopleJustrefusedtobuyitbecauseitwasconsideredthe^wrong^^colorFearsofdrinkinggreenteawereheightenedin1839byapaperinthefamousBritishmedicaljournalTheLancet.InthepaperDr.GeorgeSigmondstudiedthepositiveandnegativeeffectsoftea.Whilestatingthatgreenteahadmedicalbenefitsandwasagreatimprovementonalcoholhewarnedagainstoveruse.Hedescribedacaseinwhichawomanwasattackedwithterriblepainatthestomach.Heblamedhersymptomsonsolidevidencetodrinkingstronggreenteaonanemptystomachfirstthinginthemorningwithoutmixingitwithmilkcreamorsugar.OfcoursethistoxicoftheVictoriansittingroomhasnowhaditsreputationfirmlyrestored.Sciencehasshowythatgreenteahasbeenlinkedtohealthbenefitslikelowerriskofstrokeandofsomekindsofcancer.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordsuper-toxicinparagraph1refertoA.dangerouspoison.B.AhealthydietC.Anunreliablecure.D.Apleasantdrink.WhatwastherealproblemthatturnedteadrinkersawayfromgreenteaA.Highprice.B.NegativenewscoverageC.Medicalevidence.D.Widespreadadulteration.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDr.GeorgeSigmondspaperA.Misleading.B.Unscientific.C.Balanced.D.Confusing.WhatistheauthorspurposeinwritingthetextA.ToadvertisethehealthbenefitsofgreenteaB.toexplainthechangedtastesforgreenteaC.Toexposethedishonestyofthebusinessmen/D.TowarnthenegativesideeffectsofoverdrinkingWhenkidssitdowntoeatlunchatschoolfruitsandvegetablesmaynotbetheirfirstchoice.Butwithmoretimeatthelunchtabletheyaremorelikelytopickupthosehealthyfoods.IfwewanttoimprovechildrensnutritionandhealthensuringlongerschoollunchbreakscanhelpachievethosegoalsaccordingtoresearchfromtheUniversityofIllinois.“Tenminutesofseatedlunchtimeorlessisquitecommon.Scheduledlunchtimemaybelongerbutstudentshavetowaitinlinetogettheirfood.Thismeanstheamountoftimechildrenactuallyhavetoeattheirmealsismuchlessthanthescheduledtime/saysMelissaPflughPrescottassistantprofessorintheDepartmentofFoodScienceandHumanNutrition.nDuringshorterlunchperiodschildrenatesignificantlylessofthefruitandvegetablepartsoftheirmealwhiletherewasnosignificantdifferenceintheamountofentrees（主食）theyconsumed.Itmakessensethatyoumighteatthepartofthemealyoulookforwardtofirstandifthere*senoughtimeleftyoumightgotowardstheotherparts.Butiftheresnotenoughtimefruitandvegetablesarelikelytosuffer/Prescottexplains.nOurfindingssupportpoliciesthatrequireatleast20minutesofseatedlunchlimeatschool/shestates.Schoollunchtimepoliciescanbedecidedatthedistrictlevelwithsomeroomforindividualschoolstosettheirownstandards;forexampleschoolscaninstitutealongerlunchtimethanthedistrictmandates（授权）.Prescottnotesthatlongerlunchtimecanalsohavebeneficialeffectsforchildrenbeyondhealthyeating.nTheamountofseatedtimechildrenhaveisalsoareallyvaluabletimeforthemtoconnectwiththeirfriends;theymighthavelimitedopportunitiestodosothroughouttheschoolday/Wefoundsignificantlyfewersocialinteractionsduringthe10-minutelunchtime.Thatindicatesotherpositiveoutcomesmaycomefromlongerlunchbreaksaswellsheconcludes.WhydostudentseatlessofthefruitandvegetablesaccordingtoPrescottA.Theyareunwillingtowaitinline.B.Thereisnotenoughtimeforthem.C.Theyrenotusedtoabalanceddiet.D.Thereistoomuchstudypressureonthem.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinstituteinParagraph3probablymeanA.Setup.B.Putoff.C.MakeuseofWhatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutA.Keyreasonsforalongerlunchtimediet.C.Otherbenefitsofalongerlunchtimearrangements.WhatcanbethebesttitleforthetextEatinglunchatschoolmakeschildrenhealthierLongerschoollunchtimeenableschildrentolearnbetterKidsatschoolspendmuchtimewaitinginlineforlunchD.LongerlunchtimehelpskidseatmorefruitandvegetablesSocialmediausehasbeenlinkedtomentalhealthproblemsintheteenagers.ButanewstudyfromEnglandarguesthattheissuemaybemorecomplexthanexpertsthink.Thenewresearchinterviewed1000teenagerswhoreportedthefrequencytheyusedsocialmedia.Morethanthreetimesdailywasconsideredveryfrequent1Buttheresearchersforthefirstimewentastepfurthertoinvestigatewhatkindofwebsitestheteenagersfrequented.Theyfoundthatinbothsexesveryfrequentvisitstosocialmediawithnegativecontentswasassociatedwithgreatermentaldepressionandanxiety.Ourresultssuggestsocialmediaitselfdoesntcauseharmbutthatfrequentusemaydisrupt（中断）activitiesthatpositivelyinfluencementalhealthsuchassleepingandexercisingwhileincreasingexposureofyoungpeopletoharmfulcontents/*saidstudyco-authorRussellVineroftheUCLInstituteofChildHealth.It*sanimportantdiscovery.JustlastmonthresearchfromCanadashowedthathigherlevelofsocialmediausewaslinkedwithincreasedmentaldepressioninadolescents.Withthisstudytheproblemisputinabettercontext.Itsnotnecessarilysocialmediathatscausingtheseissues.Itsmorelikelythecontentsthatyoungpeopleareexposedtoanditshindrance（阻碍）ofhealthysleepandexercise.BobPattonaprofessoroftheUniversityofSurreysaidthismeansthatremediesfocusingonlyonreducingsocialmediausetoimprovementalhealthmightnothelp.Tindingwaystoimprovetheonlinecontentsandpromotebettersleepandexerciseisneededtoreducephysicalandpsychologicalharms1saidhe.nIfhealthylifestylescanbekeptthepositiveeffectsofsocialmediausesuchasencouragingsocialinteractionscanbemoresupported1saidAnnDeSmetaprofessoratGhentUniversityinBelgium.Howdoesthenewresearchdifferfromthepreviousstudies。