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文本内容:
虚拟语气【概念】虚拟语气是一种动词形式,表示说话人的一种愿望,假设,怀疑,建议等含义虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实♦if引导的虚拟语气Hegotuplateandhedidntcatchthefirstbus.Ifhehad「otupearlierhecouldhavecaughtthefirstbus.IdonthaveenoughmoneysoIcannotaffordthehouse.IfIhadenoughmoneyIcouldaffordthehouse.IfIwereyouIwouldborrowsomemoneyandbuyasmallapartment.IwanttoflytothemoonandtakephotoswithChangeoneday.IfIfliedtothemoononedayIwouldtakephotoswithChange.IfIweretoflytothemoononedcyIwouldtakephotoswithChang/e.IfIshouldflytothemoononedayIwouldtakephotoswithChange.【总结】【特殊用法-倒装】if引导的虚拟条件句中若有werehadshould时,可以把if省略JEwerehadshould放在句首请改写上面例句中的划线的句子【特殊用法】.混合时间/错综时间虚拟条件句有时虚拟条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致,这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整,称为混合时间/错综时间虚拟条件句eg.Ifyouhadlistenedtothedoctoryouwouldbeallrightnow.IfIwereyouIwouldhavesenthimtohospitalyesterday..含蓄条件句有时由于表达的需要,虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件从句,而是用介词短语,上下文或其他方式表现出来eg.Withoutairtherewouldbenolivingthings.=IfButforyourhelpIcouldnthavedoneit.要是没有你的帮助,我就不能完成它=lfIwasbusythatday.OtherwiseIwouldhavegonetherewithhim.我那天很忙,否贝I」我就和他一起去那儿了=lfIwouldhavefinishedtheworkbutIhavebeenill.我本来该完成这项工作的,但我生病了.=lfWithoutyourhelpIpassyesterdaysexam.Butforthestormwearriveearlier.
3.1couldntrememberhernameorIintroducehertoyou.
4.-Whydidn/tyoucomeyesterday-!comebutIbereallybusy.虚拟语气的其他用法在动词wish后的宾语从句中,用虚拟语气1表示对现在情况的虚拟从句动词用2表示对过去情况的虚拟从句动词用3表示对将来情况的虚拟从句动词用Ex.IwishIknowtheanswertothequestionnow.IwishInotspendsomuchmoney.Iwishitstopraining但愿雨能停止
2.ifonly要是/如果......就好了ifonly句中用虚拟语气,动词形式同wish主句常省略练习
1.如果昨天我遇到你就好了.要是我将很有钱就好了.要是我没有丢了钱就好了[比较】onlyif表示只有/只要你经常锻炼,你就会健康
3.asif或asthough引导的状语从句有时也用虚拟语气,动词形式同wishEx.HetreatedmeasifIbeastranger.Shetalkedaboutthefilmasifsheseeit.Heopenedhismouthasifhesaysomething.【注】如果表示的事情可能会发生,从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气eg.Hesitsthereasifheisthinkingaboutsomething.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain
4.wouldrather+从句从句中用虚拟语气1表示现在或将来的愿望,从句动词用2表示过去的愿望,从句动词用Ex.Iwouldratheryougobacktomorrow/now.IwouldratherInotmeetyoubefore.
5.表示建议、要求、命令等动词所在的主语、宾语从句及其相应的名词所在的表语、同位语从句中,需要用虚拟语气动词的形式为这类动词常见的有坚持命令建议要求eg.Itissuggestedthattheboyshouldbesenttohospitalimmediately.从句Hesuggestedthattheboyshouldbesenttohospitalimmediately.从句Hissuggestionisthattheboyshouldbesenttohospitalimmediately.从句Iagreetohissuggestionthattheboyshouldbesenttohospitalimmediately.从句【注]insistsuggesteg.Heinsistedthathehadntstolenthemoneyandthatheshouldbesetfree.Hisexpressionsuggestedthathewasntsatisfiedwiththeresult.
6.在“Itishightimethat…该做……〃句型中,从句用虚拟语气动词的形式为12eg.Itshightimewedid/shoulddoourhomework.
7.在Itisimportant/necessary/strange/natural...that…句型中,从句用虚拟语气,动词形式为shoulddoeg.Itsimportantthatweshouldworkhard.Itisstrangethatheshouldbesorude.
8.情态动词的完成时态可表虚拟shouldhavedoneshouldnthavedoneneednthavedonecouldhavedonemighthavedone【高考题】【2019•江苏】
31.Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeingorweagoodtimetogether.A.hadB.willhaveC.wouldhavehadD.hadhad【2019•天津】
14.Theworkerswerenotbetterorganizedotherwisetheythetaskinhalfthetime.A.accomplishedB.hadaccomplishedC.wouldaccomplishD.wouldhaveaccomplished【2018北京】
13.Theymighthavefoundabetterhoteliftheyafewmorekilometers.A.droveB.woulddriveC.weretodriveD.haddriven12018•天津
15.IfwetheflightyesterdaywewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeachA.hadcaughtB.caughtC.havecaughtD.wouldcatch12018•天津]
10.1cantfindmypurse.IitinthesupermarketyesterdaybutImnotsure.A.shouldleaveB.musthaveleftC.mightleaveD.couldhaveleft[2018•江苏]
27.ThereisagoodsociallifeinthevillageandIwishIasecondchancetobecomemoreinvolved.A.hadB.willhaveC.wouldhavehadD.havehad【2018■江苏】
24.Itsstrangethathehavetakenthebookswithouttheownerspermission.A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might12017・1匕京卷】
34.Ifthenewsafetysystemtousetheaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.A.hadbeenputB.wereputC.shouldbeputD.wouldbeput12017•江苏卷】
22.notforthesupportoftheteachersthestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.A.ItwereB.WereitC.ItwasD.Wasit【2017・天津卷】
15.—DoyouhaveBettysphonenumber—Yes.OtherwiseIabletoreachheryesterday.A.hadntbeenB.wouldnthavebeenC.werentD.wouldntbe【2015北京卷】WithouthiswartimeexperiencesHemingwaywritehisfamousnovelAFarewelltoArms.【2015北京卷】IfIseeitwithmyowneyesIwouldnthavebelievedit.[2015陕西卷】Ellenisafantasticdancer.IwishIdanceaswellasher.[2015天津卷】.lwishIbeatmysistersweddinglastTuesdaybutIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadntbeenwearingoneIinjure.HadthegovernmentsandscientistsnotworkedtogetherAIDS-relateddeathsfallsincetheirhighestin
2005.改错2018全国II卷AsthekidIlovedtowatchcartoonsbutnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchingthemmyparentswouldnottoletme.【2016•全国新课标II]Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby.Hemustntbeabasketballplayerbecauseheismuchtooshort.Robertsnewbookaboutspaceexplorationisfantastic.Yousimplycouldreadit.Hashelearntaboutcomputerwewouldhavehiredhimtoworkhere.If虚拟条件句主句与过去事实相反与现在事实相反与将来事实相反。