考前押题04定语从句-2022年中考英语考前重点专项复习分类汇编

2022年中考英语专项复习分类汇编专题十五定语从句本章节内容.定语从句概述.关系代词的用法.关系副词的用法.定语从句解题技巧定语从句作为初中英语的难点，在语篇阅读中对定语从句的考查必不可少因此掌握定语从句的简单用法是非常有必要的在做此类试题时，首先确定先行词是指物还是指人，指人就从thatwhowhosewhom中选择；指物就从（hatwhich中选择然后再根据关系词在从句中所作的成分来确定到底应该用哪一个关系词1定语从句概述在复合句中作定语的从句叫定语从句被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前引导定语从句的是关系代词thatwhichwhowhosewhom和关系副词whenwhere.whyo关系代词或关系副词既起连接作用又充当从句中的一个成分Peopleoftenlikeclothescanmakethemlookyoung.A.whenB.whoC.that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句的引导词定语从句的先行词clothes是“物”，所以，定语从句的引导词用which或that引导，故选CoIcanneverforgetthestoriesmygrandmatoldme.A.whatB.whoC.themD.that【答案】D【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词thestories是“物”，所以，定语从句的引导词用which或that引导故选DThelittleboywaswrappingthepresentwouldbesenttohisteacher.A.whoB./C.whatD.that【答案】D【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词由epresent是“物”，在定语从句中充当主语，所以，定语从句的引导词用which或mat引导，故选D—Therearesomanygirlsoverthere.Whichoneisyoursister—Theonehatisyellow.A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.which【答案】B【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词是theone/girl在定语从句中充当hat的定语，所以，定语从句的引导词用whose引导，故选B.ThisistheprimaryschoolIstudiedhreeyearsago.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.which【答案】A【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词theprimaryschool在定语从句中充当的是地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导，故选A.ItsinterestingthattherearcmanypeoplespeakFrenchinCanada.A.whichB.whereC.who【答案】C【解析】此题考杳定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词manypeople是“人”，在定语从句中充当主语，所以，定语从句的引导词用who或that引导，故选C.PleasepassmethecartoonbookhasaMickeyMouseonthecover.A.whomB.whoseC.whoD.which【答案】D【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词thecartoonbook是“物”，在定语从句中充当主语，所以，定语从句的引导词用which或that引导，故选D.

28.—Iwanttofindapartnertopracticerollerskating.—MyfriendFredisapersonmayhelpyoualot.A.whichB.soC.whoD.and【答案】C【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词aperson是“人”，在定语从句中充当主语所以，定语从句的引导词用who或ihat引导，故选C.—Nowmanypeoplesmokeandgetill.—Soweshoulddosomethingcanhelpslopsmoking.A.whatB.whoC./D.that【答案】D【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词something是不定代词，只能用关系代词that引导，故选DstillrememberthetimewespenttogetheratXisaiMountainlastyear.A.whenB.whatC.whoD.which【答案】D【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词【hetime是“物”，在定语从句中充当宾语所以，定语从句的引导词用which或that引导，故选D.OneofthemostdeliciousdrinksIlikeisorangejuice.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.whom【答案】B【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词是drinks受到形容词的最高级修饰，只能用that引导故选B.Successwillbelongtothoseneversayimpossible.A.whomB.whatC.whoD.which【答案】C【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词those表示的是“人”，在定语从句中充当的是主语，所以用引导词who引导，故选C.—DoyouenjoyMyheartwillgoon—NoIprefersongsloud.A.thatisB.whichisC.thatareD.whatare【答案】C【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词songs表示的是“物”，所以用引导词which或that引导，同时表示的是名词复数，系动词应用are故选C.2关系代词的用法一般情况下ihal既可指人乂可指物，可以代替whowhom和which.在从句中作主语、表语或宾语;which指物，在从句中作主语、表语或宾语;who在从句中作主语、表语或宾语;whom在从句中作宾语;whose在从句中作定语Adoctorisa-crsonwholooksafterapatient.先行词主语谓语宾语句意:医生就是照顾病人的人.下列情况下，先行词指物时只能用that引导不能用which引导1当先行词是alllittlemuchnoneeverythinganythingnothing等代词时Isthereanythingthatyoudontunderstand你有什么不懂的地方吗？Tomtoldhismotherallthathadhappened.汤姆把发生的一切都告诉了他的妈妈2当先行词前面有theonlyjhcverythelast等修饰时ThisistheonlybookthatIcanfind.这是我能找到的唯一的一本书3当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverread.这是我读过的最好的书4当主句是以特殊疑问词which开头的特殊疑问句时Whichisthehotelthatyoulikebest哪个是你最喜欢的旅馆？.关系代词的省略一般情况下关系代词作宾语时可以省略，但关系代词whichwhom在从句中作介词的宾语并且介词位于关系代词之前时，不能省略IllneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheclub.我永远不会忘记我加入俱乐部的那一天注意:thatwhichwho在从句中作主语时，不能省略Whoistheboythatistalkingwithourteacher正在和我们老师谈话的那个男孩是谁？3关系副词的用法Thisisthefactorywheremyfatherworks.先行词地点状语主语谓语句意:这就是我爸爸工作的那个工厂.when表示时间在定语从句中作时间状语IstillremembertheyearwhenyougraduatedfromNo.8MiddleSchool.我依然记得你从八中毕业的那一年.why表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词是表示原因的reason一词Wedontknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool我们不知道他为什么上学迟到.where表示地点在定语从句中作地点状语ThatisheschoolwhereIstudiedthreeyearsago.那就是我三年前就读的学校4定语从句解题技巧RunningManisaveryrelaxingTVprogramwhichispopularamongtheyoungpeople.主句RunningManisaveryrelaxingTVprogram从句whichispopularamongtheyoungpeople先行伺TVprogram关系代词:which因此，如果确定是考查定语从句，我们就可以排除不是关系代词或关系副词的选项，如whato在此过程中要掌握“三看”原则一看指人还是物先行词指人thatwhowhosewhom先行词指物thatwhichwhose

（2）二看句中作何用主语who（人），which（物）that（人/物）宾语who/whom（人），which（物），that（人/物）定语whose（人/物）状语where（地点），when（时间），why（原因）如MybrotherlikesthestorieswerewrittenbyMarkTwainbecausetheyarcoftenhumorous.先行词（thestories）指物，关系词在从句中作主语可用关系代词which/thato如HeistheboyItalkedwithjustnow.先行词（theboy）指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，可用关系代词whom/who/that/不填如:What4sthenameofthegirl_fatherisadoctor先行词（thegirl）指人关系词在从句中作定语可用关系代词whoseo如:Istillrememberthedayournewschoolwasbuilt.从句中不缺成分先行词（theday）指时间，关系词在从句中作状语可用关系副词when

（3）看是否是特殊情况关系词只能用that的几种情况

①当先行词是alllittlemuchnoneeverythinganythingnothing等不定代词时如Tomtoldhismotherallthathadhappened.汤姆把全部情况告诉了他的妈妈

②当先行词前面有theonly（heverythelast等修饰时如:ThisistheonlybookthatIcanfind.这就是我能找到的唯本书

③当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时如:ThetallestplayerthatplaysfootballforourteamisfromShanghai.为我们足球队踢足球的那个最高的运动员来自上海

④当先行词既有人又有物时如Letstalkaboutthepeopleandthethingsthatwecanremember.让我们谈论我们能够记起的人和事关系词只能用which的几种情况

①关系代词放在介词之后如Thisisthefactoryinwhichweonceworked.这就是我们曾经工作过的工厂

②非限制性定语从句中如ThisisafamousbookwhichwaswrittenbyLuXun.这是鲁迅写的一本有名的书

③thatthose作主语时如ThosewhichareonthedeskareEnglishbooks.桌子上的那些是英语书用who而不用that的情况

①当先行词为people和those时只能用who如:Thosewhowanttogotherecomehereplease那此想去那儿的人请来这边

②当先行词为oneonesanyoneeveryonenoneall（指人）时，只能用who如Anyonewhoisagainstusisourenemy.任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人

③先行词指人，而关系代词在从句中作主语时，一般多用who如Themanwhocamehereyesterdaysaidhewouldcomeagaininafewdays.昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来练一练

1.—Whatshallwedonext—TaketheadviceisgivenbyDr.Bloch.A.whoB.whichC.whose【答案】B【解析】先行词advice指物体，关系代词应用which.Mr.Smithissmokingislookingforhelostyesterday.A.whom:whichB.who;whatC.that;whoD.which;where【答案】B【解析】先行词Mr.Smith指人，关系代词应用who;在寻找他昨天丢失的物体，从选项来看，关系代词应用what.SteveJobsisoneofthepersonsfoundedAppleComputerCompany.Hisdeathmarkedtheendofanera（时代）.A.whoB.whomC.whichD./【答案】A【解析】从句子结构来看先行词SteveJobs指人，且作主语关系代词应用who.—Doyouknowthegirlistalkingtotheheadmasteroverthere—Ofcourse.Sheismysister.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.what【答案】A【解析】选A考查考查定语从句先行词是thegirl指人，在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词whoFoshanisacityhasaverylonghistory.AwhoseB.whichC.who【答案】B【解析】先行词是Foshan是地方，引导词用which.ThePalaceMuseumisthebestplaceIveevervisited.【答案】c【解析】选C考查定语从句先行词是ThePalaceMuseum指物，且在定语从句中做visited的宾语，因此选C—Doyouknowthegirlishelpingtheoldwoman.-OhthatsmysisterA.whomB.whoseC.whoD.where【答案】C【解析】选C考查定语从句先行词是thegirl指人，在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who—DoyouknowtheladyistalkingwithMr.Smith—YesshesournewchemistryteacherMissBrown.A.whoB.whichC.whom【答案】A【解析】选A先行词是由elady指人，在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词whoIwaslookingforthepenIboughtyesterdaywhenyoucalledme.A.whoB.whereC.whichD.what【答案】C【解析】选C考查定语从句引导词前置语为thepen名词，用which代替what不能作定语从句的引导词PleasepassmethecartoonbookhasaMickeyMouseonthecover.A.whomB.whoseC.whoD.which【答案】D【解析】选D考查定语从句引导词前置语为由ecanonbook名词，用which代替1likethefriendstodothesamethingsasmesothatwecancommunicatebetterwitheachother.A.wholikesB.whatlikeC.wholike【答案】C【解析】选C先行词是【hefriends指人，在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who由于friends是复数，谓语动词用原形Therewillbeaflowershowintheparkwevisitedlastweek.A.whoB.whenC.whatD.which【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的现行词thepark是“物，在定语从句中充当的是visited的宾语因此用关系代词which或that引导来引导故选D.MoststudentsliketheteachersunderstandthemwellA.whoB.whenC.whatD.which【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的现行词theteachers是“人”，在定语从句中充当的是主语，因此用关系代词who或Ihal引导来引导，故选A.ZhangLiliisconsideredashemostbeautifulteachergaveherlovetoherstudentsindanger.A.whoB.thatC.whomD.which【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的现行词themostbeautifulteacher是“人”在定语从句中充当的是主语•，因此用关系代词who或thal引导来引导，同时先行词受到形容词的最高级修饰，只能用ihat来引导故选B.TheEnglish-Chinesedictionarymyfatherboughtformemanyyearsagoisstillofgreatvalue.A.whoseB.whenC.whoD.that【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的现行词dictionary是“物，在定语从句中充当的是宾语，因此用关系代词which或that引导来引导，故选D.Whatdoyouthinkoftheschooluniforms”Verygood.Ilikeclothesmakemefeelcomfortable/*A.thatB.whatC.who【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词clothes是“物”，所以，定语从句的引导词用which或that引导根据句意你觉得校服怎么样呀？很好，我喜欢让我穿着舒服的衣服故选A.—Whatareyoulookingfor—Imlookingfortheringmyhusbandboughtmelastyear.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.it【答案】A【解析】此题考查引导词的用法定语从句的先行词是“thering”表示“物”，故定语从句的引导词用that或which故选AoRobertisjustoneyoungoverseasChinesehascometovisithisancestorshomeland.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which【答案】A［解析］此题考查引导词的用法定语从句修饰的先行词“oneyoungoverseasChinese”表示的是“一个年轻的海外华人“，所以定语从句的引导词用ihat或who故选A..—Whatareyoulookingfor一Imlookingforthepenmyfathergavemelastweek.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whom【答案】B【解析】此题考查引导词的用法定语从句的先行词是“thepen”表示“物”，故引导词用Ihal或which故选Bo.—Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike一IlikethemoveareaboutChinesehistory.A.whoB.whomC.whoseDwhich【答案】D【解析】此题考查引导词的用法定语从句的先行词是“themove”表示“物”故引导词用ihat或which故选Do关系词作用先行词例句thatwhowhom（只作宾语）主语、宾语、表语人Doyouknowtheoldmanwho/thatisstandingunderthetree你认识站在树下的那个老人吗？thatwhich主语、宾语、表语物Shegotacomputerwhich/thatherparentsboughtforher.她有——台电脑，这台电脑是她父母买给她的whose定语人/物Theboywhosefatherisadoctorstudiesveryhard.这个男孩学习非常刻苦，他爸爸是位医生Theroomwhosewindowisopenismine.开着窗户的那个房间是我的when状语时间IstillrememberhedaywhenyouleftforBeijing.我仍然记得你前往北京的那一天where状语地点Thisistheschoolwheremymotherworks.这就是我妈妈工作的那所学校why状语原因Couldyouexplainthereasonwhyyouwerelate你能解释一下你迟到的原因吗？。