还剩3页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
人与环境、人与动植物I.阅读理解AMostofthesandstormsthathadsweptChinalastyearcamefromforeignlandaChineseofficialinchargeofdesertification(荒漠化)controlsaidonMonday.Andtheinvasions(入侵)couldpartlyexplainthefrequentsandstormsinthecountryinrecentyearsdespiteitsachievementsindesertificationcontrol.SincethestartoflastspringthenorthandnorthwesternChineseregionshadbeenhitby17sandstormsofwhichadozencamefromforeignland.Situatedinthecentral-Asiasandstormregiononeoftheworld,sfourlargestsandstormsourcesChinaalsosuffersfromsandstormsfromoutsidethecountrywhilebeingblamedasasandsourcetonortheastAsia.TheotherthreemajorsourcesareinAfricaNorthAmericaandAustralia.Thelandsufferingfromdesertificationhasbeendecreasingby7585squarekilometresannuallyinChinaandtheareaofsandylandhasalsobeenfallingby1284squarekilometresayear.Theshrinkage(收缩)formsaclearcontrasttothefactthatthelandsufferingfromdesertificationandsandyfeaturewasaddedby10400squarekilometresand3436squarekilometreslatelastcenturyrespectively.CurrentlythedesertificationlandinChinamakesup
2.64millionsquarekilometresaccountingfor
27.46percentofthenation,slandanditssandylandtotals
1.74millionsquarekilometresaccountingfor
18.1percentofthecountrystotal.错误!Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decreasing“meaninParagraph4A.Goingdown.B.Goingup.C.Comingfrom.D.Takingup.解析:选A词义猜测题根据第四段最后一句中的“hasalsobeenfallingby1284squarekilometresayear”可知,该词的意思是“减少”,故选A项WheredomostofthesandstormsinChinacomefromThenorthwesternChineseregions.ThenorthernChineseregions.ThewesternpartofChina.Foreigncountries.解析选D细节理解题根据第一段第一句可知,去年袭击中国的沙尘暴大部分来自外国,故选D项WhichofthefollowingisbelievedtobethesandsourcetonortheastAsiaA.Mongolia.B.Africa.C.China.D.Australia.解析选C细节理解题根据第三段第一句中的“Chinaalsosuffersfromsandstorms...sandsourcetonortheastAsia”可知,中国被认为是东北亚风沙的来源地,故选C项WhatcanweinferfromthispassageThelandinChinasufferingfromdesertificationhasbeenincreasinggreatly.Chinahasmadeachievementsinitsowndesertificationcontrol.ThedesertificationlandmakesupnearlyhalfofChina,sterritory.LittleprogresshasbeenmadeincontrollingdesertificationinChina.解析选B推理判断题根据第四段可知,遭受风沙袭击的土地每年减少7585平方千米,由此沙地的区域每年减少1284平方千米,由此可推知控制沙漠化取得了成效,故选B项B(2021•六安高三检测)Severalyearsagoclimatechangewasacontroversialsubjectwithmanypeopleinsistingitdidn,texist.Todayfewpeopledoubtthattheclimateischanginginuncomfortableanddangerousways.FormelivingonanislandoffthewestcoastofCanadaclimatechangedidn,tdirectlyaffectme.Thatchangedthissummer.TherearealwaysafewwildfiresintheforestsofCanadainsummerbutthisyearhasbeenexceptionallybadaswevehadforpracticalpurposesnorainatall.Thenthefiresstartedandmanyfamilieshavelosttheirhomestotheflames.InearlyAugustwewokeuponedaytoaheavysmokefromthemainland.Itwasdarkforseveraldays.BySeptemberagainthesunhasbeenblockedbysmokethistimefromWashingtonandOregonintheUnitedStates.Thesmokehascoveredusforaboutaweek.Inthemorethantwentyyearsweveneverbeforehadthishappen.Nowwevebeenblanketedbysmoketwiceinonesummer.Thechangeinourclimateisclearanditdoesn,tbode(预兆)well.Alreadyourseasidetownisputtingregulationsinplaceandmakingplanstodealwithariseinsealevel.Howeverifthesealevelcomesupmorethanafewmeterswecouldhavebigproblems.Idon,tpretendtounderstandallthecausesofclimatechangeorthebestwaysoffixingitifindeeditcanbefixed.Itishoweverbecomingincreasinglynoticeable.LastnightweweresupposedtobeabletoseetheNorthernLightsbutthesmokepreventedthat.Butthere,ssomegoodnews.Ihavejustnoticedthatforthefirsttimeinmonthsitisraining.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文作者通过讲述自身经历,阐述了气候变化越来越严重已经影响到了人们的生活和家园WhendidtheauthorbegintobeaffectedbyclimatechangeA.Afterthesmokydays.B.InAugustthissummer.C.Onarrivingattheisland.D.Whenthefirstfirebrokeout.解析选B细节理解题根据第二段中的InearlyAugust...aweek.”可知,今年夏天的八月,作者开始被气候变化所影响故选BWhatdidtheseasidetowndowithclimatechangeA.Itfoundthecauses.B.Itsolvedtheproblems.C.Itmadeaprediction.D.Ittooksomemeasures.解析选D细节理解题根据第三段中的Alreadyourseasidetown.・・sealevel.”可知,这个海滨小镇应对气候变化采取了许多措施故选DWhatsthegoodnewstheauthormentionedinthelastparagraphThecomingoftherain.SeeingtheNorthernLights.Thebestwaytofixtheweather.Theappearanceofheavysmoke.解析选A细节理解题根据最后一段中的“Butthere,ssomegoodnews...israining.可知,好消息是数月来第一次作者注意到要下雨了故选AWhatisthebesttitleforthepassageCausesofClimateChangeClimateChangeHitsHomeGlobalWarmingIsLessSeriousWaystoDealwiththeRisingSeaLevel解析选B标题归纳题根据第一段可知,今天,几乎没有人怀疑气候正在以麻烦的和危险的方式改变,第二段作者讲述自己居住的小镇也受到气候变化的影响,第三段讲述了小镇应对气候变化采取了一些措施,最后一段作者阐述了气候变化越来越令人瞩目因此推断文章主要讲述了气候变化已经影响到家园,故B项为本文最佳标题故选Bn.阅读七选五FloodsareoneofthemostcommondisastersintheUSj._Itcarriesrocksandcansweepawaymostthingsinitspath.Ifafloodislikelyinyourareayoushould2Ifyouhavetimetoprepareyoushould3Donottouchanyelectricalequipmentifyouarewetorstandinginwater.Ifyouhavetoleaveyourhomerightawayrememberthesetips4—Ifyouhavetowalkinwaterwalkwherethewaterisnotmoving.Useasticktocheckthegroundinfrontofyou.5Ifflood-watersrisearoundyourcargiveupthecarandmovetohighergroundifyoucandososafely.Otherwiseyouandthecarcanbequicklysweptaway.Donotdriveintofloodedareas.Donotwaitforinstructionstomove.20cmdepthofmovingwatercanmakeyoufall.Turnoffallpiecesofelectricalequipment.Flashfloodsoftenhaveadangerouswallofwater.F・Maybeyouknowfloodsearthquakessandstormsandsoon.G.Duringrecentyearsfloodshavecausedbillionsofdollarsindamageeachyear.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文洪水是美国最常见的灾害之一有些洪水发展缓慢但是山洪会迅速发展,有时几分钟就会暴发,而且没有任何降雨的迹象文章介绍了洪水到来时应该采取的一些措施.选E根据语境可知,上文提到了山洪暴发,空后一句提到了山洪可以扫除路上大部分东西,说明山洪具有危险性,本句属于过渡句承上启下说明山洪的特性E选项中Flashfloods可对应上文中的flashfloods以及后文中的代词it故选E.选B根据上文“Listentotheradio...ground.”可知,上文提到一有山洪暴发的可能,就要立即转移,即不能等着转移的指令上文中的moveatonce可对应到B选项中的tomove故选B.选D根据空后一句可知,如果你被淋湿或站在水里,不要触摸任何电器由此可知,后文提到了不要触摸任何电器,可推知木句应当是在说明对电器的处理方法下文中的electricalequipment可对应到D选项中的electricalequipmento故选Do.选C根据空前一句可知,不要在流动的水中行走故本句应当承接上文说明不要这么做的原因上文中的movingwater可对应到C选项中的movingwater故选C.选A根据下文可知,如果你的车周围涨起了洪水,放弃你的车,在确保安全的情况下转移到更高的地方否则你和车会很快被冲走由此可知,本段主要说明是洪水暴发时与开车相关的注意事项且后文中car可对应到A选项中的drive故选A。