高三英语一轮复习被动语态讲义

被动语态

1.被动语态的构成一般体is/am/aredone;was/weredone;will/shallbedone;would/shouldbedone进行is/am/arebeingdone;was/werebeingdone完成have/hasbeendone;hadbeendone

2.被动语态的用法.注意动词短语的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态Thatoldmanwasoftenlaughedat.Theplanwillbegivenup.Badhabitshavebeendoneawaywith.（注意在被动结构中，切不可丢掉后面的介词或副词）Hemustbepreventedfromgoing.Theplanoughttobeputintopracticeassoonaspossible.谓语结构情态动词+be+过去分词.“get+过去分词”可以表示被动，此结构比较口语化Thepatientgottreatedonceaweek..主动形式表被动意义系动词looksoundfeelsmelltasteappearseemgoturnstaybecomegetgrowkeep等+形容词/名词，构成的系表结构Thesteelfeelscold.Ithasgonebad.2表示开始、结束、运动的动词，如beginfinishstartopenclosestopendshutrunmove等Workbeganat7oclock.Theshopclosesat6p.m.everyday.3表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，如readwriteacteatdrinksellwashwear等Thiscoatdrieseasily.Yourarticlereadsverywell.Thismaterialhaswornthin.Theplanworkedoutwonderfully.4少数动词用于进行体，其主动形式表示被动含义，如printcook等Thismeatiscooking.5介词inonunder等+名词，构成介词短语表被动意义Therumorisbeyondbelief=cantbebelieved.Todaysometreasuresareonshow=arebeingshowninthemuseum.6不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语havewishcostdatebacktoagreewitharriveat/inshakehandswithsucceedinsufferfromtakepartinwalkinto/enterbelongto等Thiskeyjustfitsthelock.7betoblame该受责备，对某件坏事应负责任与betolent待出租两种结构中，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义WhichdriveristoblamefortheaccidentThishouseistolent.被动语态的用法例句动作的执行者不明确或没必要明确-Thewindowisdirty.-Iknow.Ithasntbeencleanedforweeks.强调或突出动作的承受者或事件本身Alltheemployeesexceptthemanagerareencouragedtoworkonlineathome.文章标题、广告、新闻中GirlsWanted动作的执行者不是人Thenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeoplearepersuadedtoeatmorefruitandvegetables.。