高考英语二轮复习教案（新高考专用）阅读理解04猜测词义2

【高频考点解密】2023年高考英语二轮复习讲义阅读理解解密04猜测词义的复习要点【构建知识体系】【英语学科素养解读】【剖析全国高考真题】——预测高考命题方向2023年命题解读和近年考点再现词义猜测题考点1单词猜测题

1.【2022年新高考全国n卷】COverthelastsevenyearsmoststateshavebannedtextingbydriversandpublicservicecampaignshavetriedawiderangeofmethodstopersuadepeopletoputdowntheirphoneswhentheyarebehindthewheel.Yettheproblembyjustaboutanymeasureappearstobegettingworse.Americansarestilltextingwhiledrivingaswellasusingsocialnetworksandtakingphotos.Roadaccidentswhichhadfallenforyearsarenowrisingsharply.red/yellow/greensignalcyclemightbe140seconds.By9:33amaburstofadditionaltrafficmightpushitto145seconds.Lesstrafficat9:37amcouldpushitdownto

135.Justlikethetrafficitselfthetimingofthesignalschanges.Thatisbydesign.Bellevueafast-growingcityjusteastofSeattleusesasystemthatisgainingpopularityaroundtheUS:intersection（十字路口）signalsthatcanadjustinrealtimetotrafficconditions.Theselightsknownasadaptivesignalshaveledtosignificantdeclinesinboththetroubleandcostoftravelsbetweenworkandhome.AdaptivesignalscanmakesurethatthetrafficdemandthatisthereisbeingaddressedsaysAlexStevanovicaresearcheratFloridaAtlanticUniversity.ForallofBellevuessuccessadaptivesignalsarenotacure-allforjammedroadways.KevinBalkearesearchengineerattheTexasAMUniversityTransportationInstitutesaysthatwhilesmartlightscanbeparticularlybeneficialforsomecitiesothersaresojammedthatonlyasharpreductioninthenumberofcarsontheroadwillmakeameaningfuldifference.notgoingtofixeverythingbutadaptivesignalshavesomebenefitsfbrsmallercities“hesays.InBellevuetheswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalessoninthevalueofwelcomingnewapproaches.Inthepasttherewasoftenanautomaticreactiontoincreasedtraffic:justwidentheroadssaysMarkPochtheBellevueTransportationDepartmentstrafficengineeringmanager.Nowhehopesthatothercitieswillconsidermakingtheirstreetsrunsmarterinsteadofjustmakingthembigger.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thatinparagraph2refertoA.Increasedlengthofgreenlights.B.Shortenedtrafficsignalcycle.C.Flexibletimingoftrafficsignals.D.Smoothtrafficflowontheroad.词义猜测题考点4猜测句意题L【2019•浙江卷】Moneywithnostringsattached.Itsnotsomethingyouseeeveryday.ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonthaboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatreadnGiveWhatYouCanTakeWhatYouNeed.”Peoplequicklycaughton.Andwhilemanytookdollarsmanyotherspinnedtheirowncashtotheboard.Peopleofallagesracesandsocio-economic（社会经济的）backgroundsgaveandtook“saidTylerBridgesofTheToolboxwhichcreatedtheproject.nWeevenhadabrideinherweddingdresscomeuptotheboardandtakeafewdollars.Mostofthebillsontheboardweresinglesbutafewpeopleleftfivestensandeventwenties.Thevideoclip（片段）showsonemanwhohadfounda$20billpinningittotheboard.“WhatIcansayfbrthefolksthatgavethemostisthattheywerefullofsmiles“Bridgessaid.Theresacertainfeelingthatgivingcandofbryouandthatwasapparentinthosethatgavethemost.MostpeoplewhotookdollarstookonlyafewbutBridgessaidaverysmallnumbertookasmuchastheycould.WhiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaignBridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy.HeaddedthathehopespeopleinothercitiesmighttrysimilarprojectsandposttheirownvideosontheInternet.“AfteralleveryonehasbaddaysandgooddaysJhesaid.Somedaysyouneedahelpinghandandsomedaysyoucanbetheonegivingthehelpinghand.^^

24.Whatdoestheexpressionmoneywithnostringsattachedinparagraph1meanMoneyspentwithouthesitation.Moneynotlegallymade.Moneyofferedwithoutconditions.Moneynottiedtogether.[2020•天津高考第一次】Studyingasubjectthatyoufeelpointlessisneverafunoreasytask.Ifyourestudyinghistoryaskingyourselfthequestion“whyishistoryimportantnisaverygoodfirststep.Historyisanessentialpartofhumancivilization.Youwillfindsomethingherethatwillarouseyourinterestorgetyouthinkingaboutthesignificanceofhistory.Historygroundsusinourroots.Historyisanimportantandinterestingfieldofstudyandlearningthehistoryofourhomecountrycangiveusadeepermoremeaningfulglimpse（一瞥）intoourancestralpastsandhowwegottowherewaaretoday.Manypeoplefeelliketheyneedasenseofculturalbelongingwhichissomethingthatstudyingyourrootsandbeingopen-mindedtotheevolutionofyourculturecanprovide.Historyenrichesourexperience.ReadinghistoryisanamazingexperiencebecauseitenablesustoreflectonthesocialandeconomiclifeofthepeoplelivinglongtimeagoAccordingtotheexpertsproblemsfacedbypeopleregardlessofthepastandpresentarethesame.Withtheinformationabouttheancestorsonecanbecomemoreexperiencedinhandlingchallengesoflife.Historymakesusmoreempathetic（具有共情能力的）Studyinghistorycangiveusinsight（洞察力）intowhyourculturedoescertainthingsandhowthepasthasshapeditintowhatweknownow.Italsoprovidesaratherstrongfoundationforempathyacrosscultures.Fearandhateforothersisusuallycausedbyignorance（无矢口）.Werescaredofthethingsthatwedontunderstand.Historyhasthepotentialtobreakdownthoseboundariesbyofferingusinsightintoentireworldsthatwouldotherwisebeforeigntous.Historycaninspireustolearnmore.whatsfantasticabouthistoryisthewayitbroadensourhorizons.Itsalmostimpossibletolearnaboutonehistoricalperiodwithouthavingdozensofquestionsaboutrelatedconcepts.Studythe19thcenturyEnglandandyoumightcatchaglimpseofCharlesDickens*OliverTwist.LookupCharlesDickensandyoumightlearnathingortwoaboutrealism.OrmaybeyouendupswitchingyourattentionawayfromnovelsanddiscoverthehistoryofromanticpoetsinEngland.Itcangoanywhereandthereissomethinginthereforabsolutelyanybody.Thevalueofhistorycannotbeunderestimated.Wedonthavetoliveinthepastbutwecandefinitelydobetterbylearningfromitandusingthelessonslearnttoleadmoremeaningfullives.Theunderlinedpartwherewearetoday1*inPara.2probablymeans.A.theturningpointinourhistoryBthepresentstateofournationC・thelocationofourhomelandD.thetotalareaofourcountry【高考预测】纵观近几年全国高考试题，预测2023年全国高考试题还会

①I卷在选材上继续保持知识性和趣味性，语篇长度适中，题材与体裁广泛，彰显文化特色重点考查考生快速获取、处理、分析信息的能力细节理解题占总量的60%左右，难度与上年持平，预计难度系数

0.6

②H卷文章体裁继续延续记叙文和说明文占主体的局面，另有一篇议论文和一篇广告类说明文题型以细节理解题为主，推理判断题略有所增加，词义猜测题1题左右【解密考场】——课堂讲解突破关键能力猜测词义解密

①如何解决猜测词义题？【解题中发现规律】【广东省部分名校2022-2023学年高三上学期阶段性学习效率检测调研】When16-year-oldGraydenBrunetjoinedtheSacketsHarborNewYorkvolunteerfiredepartmentin2017hewastheyoungestontheteamby20years.HewassodeterminedtobefollowinginhisdadsfootstepsthathepersuadedtwoclassmatesNiklasandDaltontosignuptoo.AfewyearslatertheolderfirefightersquittheirjobsoverCOVID-19concerns.SuddenlythethreeteenswerenotonlyhelpingtheSacketsHarborvolunteerfiredepartmenttheyweretheSacketsHarborvolunteerfiredepartment.Theyweretheonesrespondingtotheemergencycallsofheartattackscaraccidentsandsuicides.AndtheyweretheoneswhowereresponsibletosendCOVID-19patientstohospitals.Wewentfromnotevenhavingourlicensestosavingpeopleslives“Daltontoldthereporter.Asfarastheteenswereconcernedtheycouldntquittheirjobs.IftheydidBrunettoldNorthCountyPublicRadioThecommunitywouldlosetheemergencyoperatorsandthedriversoftheambulance.”Thethreeofthemstruggledonaloneforayearuntilhelparrivedintheformoffivemoreteensallmotivatedtoservetheirneighborsinthetownof1300residents.Whentheycall911theyreexpectingsomeonetohelpthem^^saysSophiawhowas16whenshejoined.Thejobistaxing.Onenightlastfallthecrewrespondedtotwoemergencycallsandafire.Theygothomeat5:30a.mjusttwohoursbeforeschoolstarted.ItsdefinitelyhardcomingbackfromthecallsandhavingtotakeanalgebratestGraydensyoungerbrotherGannonsaid.Butthesebraveteensdidntmindthehardwork.Asamatteroffactwhencallersmettheirrescuersalotofthemwouldask“Waithowoldareyou”Thatwaswhattheyfeltthemostpricelessmoment.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordtaxing“meaninthelastparagraphA.Effortless.B.Demanding.C.Enjoying.D.Helpful.【我的发现】规律方法1如何解决猜测词义题？此类题目有的可利用构词法来解答，首先要弄明白构词法的三种形式派生法、转化法和合成法，高考阅读理解题中的猜测词义题主要集中表现为派生和合成两种形式有的题需要利用上下文的已知部分进行推理；有的还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测词义；还有的可以根据定义、解释和举例猜测词义［变式精讲］【广东省华南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期综合测试】Quantum（量子）computershavebeenonmymindalotlately.Afriendhasbeensendingmearticlesonhowquantumcomputersmighthelpsolvesomeofthebiggestchallengeswefaceashumans.Tvealsohadexchangeswithtwoquantum-computingexperts.OneiscomputerscientistChrisJohnsonwhoIseeassomeonewhohelpskeepthefieldhonest.TheotherisphysicistPhilipTaylor.Fordecadesquantumcomputinghasbeenlittlemorethanalaboratorycuriosity.Nowbigtechcompanieshaveinvestedinquantumcomputingashavemanysmallerones.AccordingtoBusinessWeeklyquantummachinescouldhelpus“curecancerandeventakestepstotunclimatechangeintheoppositedirection.Thisisthesortofhype（炒作）thatannoysJohnson.Heworriesthatresearchersaremakingpromisestheycantkeep.”WhatsnewJohnsonwrote“isthatmillionsofdollarsarenowpotentiallyavailabletoquantumcomputingresearchers.Asquantumcomputingattractsmoreattentionandfundingresearchersmaymisleadinvestorsjournaliststhepublicandworstofallthemselvesabouttheirworkspotential.IfresearcherscantkeeptheirpromisesexcitementmightgivewaytodoubtdisappointmentandangerJohnsonwarns.Lotsofothertechnologieshavegonethroughstagesofexcitement.ButsomethingaboutquantumcomputingmakesitespeciallypronetohypeJohnsonsuggestsperhapsbecausequantum“standsforsomethingcoolyoushouldntbeabletounderstand.AndthatbringsmebacktoTaylorwhosuggestedthatIreadhisbookQforQuantum.AfterIreadthebookTaylorpatientlyansweredmyquestionsaboutit.HealsoansweredmyquestionsaboutPyQuantumthefirmheco-fbundedin

2016.TaylorsharesJohnsonsconcernsabouthypebuthesaysthoseconcernsdonotapplytoPyQuantum.Thecompanyhesaysiscloserthananyotherfirm“byaverylargemargin（幅度）“tobuildingausefdl“quantumcomputeronethatsolvesanimpactfulproblemthatwewouldnothavebeenabletosolveotherwise.Headds“PeoplewillnaturallydiscountmyopinionsbutIhavespentalotoftimequantitativelycomparingwhatwearedoingwithothers.”CouldPyQuantumreallybeleadingallthecompetitionbyawidemargin”asTaylorclaimsIdontknow.Tmcertainlynotgoingtoadvisemyfriendoranyoneelsetoinvestinquantumcomputers.ButItrustTaylorjustasItrustJohnson.

15.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prone“inParagraph3mostprobablymeanA.Open.B.Cool.C.Useful.D.Resistant.解密

②如何解决猜测短语题？【解题中发现规律】【广东省华南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期综合测试】AcharacterinoneofShakespearesplaysoncesaidSomearebomgreatsomeachievegreatnessandsomehavegreatnessthrustuponthem.^^Anyofthesecouldapplytothemodern-daysportsmen.Manystillargueaboutthenatureoftalent.Someclaimthatpeopleareborntobesportsmenwhileotherssayitisonlythroughdevotionandhardworkthattheyachievetheirabilities.Arguablythoughitisnotuntiltheirtalentsareacknowledged（认可）bythepublicthattheytrulyhavegreatnessfallenuponthem.Withthisacknowledgementoftheirgreatness“comeallthetrappingsofmodern-daycelebrity:moneypowerinfluenceandresponsibility.Forbetterorforworselikeitorhateitmodernsportsmenaretherolemodelsofchildreneverywhere.Thesechildrenwillgrowupadmiringtheirheroesdevotingtheirlivestocopyingtheireverymoveandwantingabovealltobelikethem.Duetothisfascinationparticularlywiththemassiveinfluenceofthemediaitismoreimportantthaneverforthesesportsmentoacknowledgetheirresponsibility.Inthepastfewmonthsalonetherehavebeenmanyexamplesofquestionablebehaviorsfromsportsstarsofthepresentday.Theyareoftenmirroringtheveryworstaspectsofsocietyafactthattheself-righteous（自以为是的）angerofthemodernpresshasbeenquicktopointout.Itwouldbewrongforustoexpectsportsmentobeperfect.Itwouldalsobewrongforustothinkthattheirbehaviorismarkedlydifferentfromthesportsmentheygrewupwatchingbutwiththeall-seeingeyeofmodernmediaitisadifferentworldanddifferentstandardsmustbeexpected.Ofcoursethereisnodutyforsportsmentobegoodrolemodels.Therearenoprisonsentencesnofinesnocommunityservice-unlesstheirbehaviorsareillegal.Unlesstheybreakthelawitisentirelyuptothemastowhetherornottheythinktheirbehaviorisappropriate.Furthermoremeasuringthetrueinfluencetheirdecisionshaveontheirfollowersisabsolutelyimpossible.Somewillriseagainsttheiridolsseeingtheminanewlightandcriticizingtheiractions.Othersmaycopytheirheroes5actionsusingthemasashieldwhenaccusedofthesamecrimes.Itiswithoutdoubtthattheactionsofsportsmenwillinfluencethelivesofthosewhoworshipthem.Moderndaysportsmenarealmostidealsoftoday9sworldandtheiractionsarewatchedcarefullybymillionsovertheworld.Somemaycomplainagainstitdenyingtheirinfluenceonthesechildrenslives.Othersmaybeawareofitbutnotrespectitwhilemanymaybothbeawareofitandrespectit.Inawordyoudonotchoosewhetheryouarearolemodel.Allyoucandoistodecidehowtoactwhengreatnessisthrustuponyou.Theunderlinedphrasethrustuponinparagraph1mostprobablymeans.A.putoffB.removedfromC.relatedtoD.forcedon【我的发现】规律方法2如何解决猜测短语题？猜测短语题要利用出现短语的上文与其意义上的联系或下文进一步的叙述来猜测它的意思或利用文章中所出现的与短语意思相反的内容来猜测其语意【变式精讲】【山东省济宁邹城市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中】InanefforttocontrolthenationsgrowingproblemwithfoodwastageSouthKoreahasstartedauniqueinitiative——“PayasYouTrash”.Residentsarerequiredtoseparatetheirfoodwastefromtherestoftheirrubbishandthrowitseparatelyinacentralizeddustbin.Andinordertoaccessthebintheyactuallyneedtopaybythekilo!AsofnowSouthKoreahasthreemethodsinplacetochargecitizensforthefoodthrownaway.OneisthroughanRFIDRadioFrequencyIdentificationcard-whenuserstapthiscardoveraspeciallydesignedfoodwastebinthecapwillopen.Thiswasteisautomaticallyweighedandrecordedintheusersaccount.Theuserneedstosettlethisbillonamonthlybasis.Thesecondbillingmethodisthroughpre-paidgarbagebags.Thesespeciallydesignedbagsarepricedbasedonvolume.ForinstanceinSeoula10-litergarbagebagcostsaround$

1.Theresalsoabarcodemanagementsysteminplaceinwhichcitizensthrowfoodwastedirectlyintocompostbinsandpayforitbypurchasingbarcodestickersattachedtothebin.Nearlyeveryresidentialcomplexinthenationisequippedwithoneofthesethreepaymentsystems.Evenbeforethepay-by-weightsystemwasintroducedSouthKoreanswerestillbeingchargedforfoodwaste-thecostwassimplydividedequallyamongtheresidentsofeachapartmentblock.Thenewsystemisnotonlyfairbutisalsodesignedtomakeconsumersreallyfeelthepinchofunreasonablewaste.Themorefoodtheythrowoutthemoretheyenduppaying.CitizenslikeSeoulhousewifeMs.Kwanarenowadoptinginnovativemethodstoavoidfoodwaste.Shemakessuretoremovealltheliquidoutofleftoverfoodbeforethrowingitaway.Whilepreparingvegetablesshetriestomakeuseofasmuchastheeatablepartsaspossibletominimizewaste.WhichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedphrasefeelthepinchParagraph3A.Predicttheprospect.B.Analysethecomponent.C.Suffertheconsequences.D.Proposethesolution.解密

③如何解决猜测指代题？【解题中发现规律】【山东省百校联盟大联考2022-2023学年高三上学期12月月考】AstudydonebyUniversityofMichiganresearchersfoundthatshoppingtorelievestresswasupto40timesmoreeffectiveatgivingpeopleasenseofcontrolandthatshopperswerethreetimeslesssadcomparedtothosewhoonlybrowsedforitemswithoutbuying.Morethanhalfofthe1000consumerssurveyedsaidtheyhadimpulsively（冲动地）shoppedtodealwithfeelingsofstressanxietyordepression.Twenty-threepercentofrespondentssaidtheyhadmaxedoutacreditcardtorelievestress.Intermsofage68percentofMillennials（千禧一代）saidtheywouldgoshoppingwhenhavingstresscomparedto53percentofGenXerswhowerebornbetween1965and1976andonly26percentofbabyboomersbornafterWorldWarII.Inregardstogenders48percentofmenand31percentofwomenpurchasedalcoholimpulsivelywhenstressed.Eighty-twopercentofwomenspentonclothingcomparedto52percentofmen.42percentofwomenalsopreferredtobuyjewellerycomparedto22percentformenwithmenspendingmoreforelectronics44percentversus30percentforwomen.Tnfactshoppingtoreducestresscanactullyhelpyouliveahealthierlifebymakingsurethatyourbloodpressureislowered.Thesurveyfoundthat82percenthadonlypositivefeelingsabouttheirpurchasesandthatthepositivemoodboostwaslong-lasting.Shoppingtorelievestressisalsocalledretailtherapyasaformofregulatingstress.Howeverthesideeffectofitcanstartoutasarelativelyharmlessmoodboosterbutcouldpossiblygrowintoacompulsion（冲动）thatcausesfinancialcollapseandconflicttherebyaddingasignificantamountofstresstoapersonslife.WhatdoestheunderlinedworditinthelastparagraphrefertoA.Theretailtherapy.B.Thestressregulation.C.Themoodbooster.D.Theshoppingsurvey.【我的发现】规律方法如何解决猜测指代题？此类题目应注意代词指代的总原则——代词通常指代上文已提到的内容代词指代要注意在数、格、逻辑、意义、位置等方面与之接近的名词就位置而言，代词所指代的名词通常在本句或其上句中只有好好把握代词指代所在段落或前面段落的整体意思，问题才能迎刃而解【变式精讲】【江苏省决胜新高考2022-2023学年高三上学期12月大联考】AtChristmaslastyearCathyWoodsfamilyhomeinManchesterwasdisturbinglyquiet.Herdaughters19and21wererevisingfbrexams.Shesayssheandherhusbandhardlysawanythingofthem...Iwasabitfedup.Boredandfrustratedsheboughta45kgbunchofsecondhandclotheswithoutknowingwhatshewasgoingtodowithit.WoodaformerteacherofEnglishhasalwayslovedclothes.AtuniversityWoodhungoutwiththefashionstudentsandsewedherownnewromanticoutfits.Woodnow62enjoyedshoppingforvintage（老款）clothingandhadevendiscussedgettingashopwithafriendbuttherentsputthemoff.Aweekorsoafterthebuncharrivedshebookedastall（货摊）atWestDidsburyMakersMarket.Standingatherfirstmarketstallwasawhollynewexperiencethough.Itwasverydifferentfromteaching.Youneedjusttherightamountofcontactwithpeople.Woodsoldfourpiecesatherfirstmarketwhichpaidforthestallandleftasmallsurplus（盈余）.Nowshesometimesreturnshomewith30emptycoathangers.Butitwasthecontactwithcustomersandfellowtradersthatshefoundmostrewarding.it9salovelyenvironment.Youchatandgettoknoweachother.Ireallyenjoyedit.shesays.Sometimesinquietmomentsonthestallshetakesouthermendingandthinksofhermotherandgrandmother.“Mygrandmothertaughtartandcraftsandbothsheandmymotherspentalotoftimewiththesewingmachineteachingmetosew“Whattheseclothesdoistransportmebacktodifferenttimeswhenthingswereeasierforme.Theygivemeapleasurablefeeling.Nostalgia（怀I日）canbeagoodthinginthatway.”Aftershestoppedteachingshestartedtofeellikeanonperson，shesays.Themarketstall“hasgivenmestatusinmyownmindtobepartofthecommunitycontributingsomethingtobesomebodypeopletalktosomebodypeoplesmileat.”Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inPara.5refertoA.Hergrandmotherandmother.B.Artandcrafts.C.Thesecondhandclothes.D.Thegoodolddays.解密

④如何解决猜测句意题？【解题中发现规律】[2023•河北省高三模拟调研卷

（三）]ItwasthefirstdayofSpringherebutitdidntfeellikeit.TheCoronavirus（冠状病毒）Pandemicwassweepingtheglobeandeverywheretherewerefeelingsofuncertaintyfearlonelinessandevendespair.nSocialDistancinghadbecomethenewnorm.Heretheschoolshadbeenclosedtherestaurantdiningroomshadbeenshutandpeoplehadbeentoldtoworkfromhomewhenevertheycould.Eventheshelteredworkshopwheremyoldestsonworkedhadbeencloseduntilfurlhernotice.Peoplehadmadearunonthestoresandlargeareasoftheshelveswerebare.Onthenewsthenumbersofsickanddeadcontinuedtorise.Itfeltliketherewasaweightonthesoulsofeveryoneintheworld.MyownfamilywasstayingathomeasmuchaspossibleandasIlookedoutmywindowIwonderedhowlongthiscrisiswouldlast.ItwasthenhoweverthatIsawsomethingthatliftedthatweightoffofmysoulmademyfacesmileandmademyheartfeelhappyagain.Onthestreetbelowmyhousetherewasanoldfriendofminefromhighschoolwhowasateachertherenow.Withhimwasmyyoungersonsformeraidefromthehighschoolaswell.Theyweredeliveringtheschoollunchesdoortodoortothehungrychildrenwhowerestuckalhome.Watchingthemmademethinkofsomethingeveryone*schildhoodtelevisionneighbor.Mr.Rogersoncesaid:Inthebadtimesalwayslookforthehelpers.”Ihavenodoubtthiscrisiswillpassasallthecrisisbeforeithave.Butitisourchoiceonwhetheritbringsoutthebestinusortheworstinus.Letitbringoutthebestinyou.Useittostrengthenyourfaith.Useittofreeyourselffromfear.Useittogrowkindermoregivingandmoreloving.Becomeahelpertoallthoseinneedandyouwillbeahappypersontodayandinallthedaystocome.WhatMr.Rogersaidactuallymeans.A.inbadtimesweshouldwatchmonTVprogramsBschoollunchesarcnoteasytoforgetformanypeopleweshouldpreparemorelunchesforschoolchildrenpeoplelookforwardtohelpinghandsinbadtimes规律方法4如何解决猜测句意题？此类题目通常需要猜测意思的是一个具有概括性的句子，或是格言、谚语等，做题时只要通过阅读文章，对原句进行语法和词义上的准确分析，并和答案选项做一番比较，不难找出正确选项一般来说，正确选项的意思与原句的意思完全相同，只不过是用了其他的英语词汇表述而已【变式精讲】【四川省乐山市高中2023届第一次调查研究考试】OneofBritainsfewtypicalcontributionstoworldculturemaycometoanendaccordingtoasurveythatsuggestsholidaypostcardsarebeingemailedandtextedintoextinction（7肖亡）.Morethanhalfofthe1000holiday-makersinterviewedsaidtheyhaddecidedtosendfewercardsturninginsteadtotheirelectroniccompetitors.Aquarteroftherespondents（受访者）dismissedpostcardsasold-fashionedandslowtoarrive.Afurther14%admittedthatthinkingofsomethingtofillthespacewastoochallengingcomparedwithacallhome.AlthoughofficiallyinventedbyaHungarianEmanuelHerrmannin1869theideaofillustratedcardswastakenupwithmostenthusiasminVictorianBritainjoiningGothicarchitectureandlandscapegardeningasfieldsinwhichthecountryexcelled.“IftheBritishpostcarddidbecomeextinctwewouldloseforeversomethingofgreatimportancetothenation/saidChrisMottersheadofThomsonHolidayswhichchargedwiththesurvey.HewasbackedbyMarieAngelouofSussexUniversitywhohasstudiedtheimportanceofsendingandreceivingpostcards.Postcardsarenothinglikephonecallsinstanttextinganddirectphotoshotsviathemobileshesaid.“Alltheseareusefulpracticaldevicesbutpostcardsoffersomethingelsesomethingadditionalthatisnotmundane（世俗的）andsimplyfunctionalbutimaginativeandpersonal.Theycanproducetherealatmosphereofyourholidayinawaythatnothingelsecando.Theyrealsoformorethanamoment—withsomepeopleaddingthemtocollectionsbuiltupoveryearsandyears.”Postcard-collectingisthirdonlytocoinsandstampsinBritainsrelatedtraditionofcollectingthings.Thecountry*suniquelypostcard-relatedachievementsincludetheinventionin1902ofthe6Cdividedback”.Withtheaddresstakinguphalfofthewritingareabriefpostcardscribbles（潦草:的书写）becametheforerunnertotodaystextmessages.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasewastakenupwithmostenthusiasm1inparagraph2probablymeanA.Gainedpopularity.B.Tookplace.C.Cameback.D.Wentintoservice.ThatispartlybecausepeoplearedrivingmorebutMarkRosekindthechiefoftheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministrationsaiddistracted（分心）drivingwasonlyincreasingunfortunately.Bigchangerequiresbigideas.hesaidinaspeechlastmonthrefemngbroadlytotheneedtoimproveroadsafety.Sototrytochangeadistinctlymodernbehaviorlawmakersandpublichealthexpertsarereachingbacktoanoldapproach:Theywanttotreatdistracteddrivinglikedrunkdriving.AnideafromlawmakersinNewYorkistogivepoliceofficersanewdevicecalledtheTextalyzer.Itwouldworklikethis:AnofficerarrivingatthesceneofacrashcouldaskforthephonesofthedriversandusetheTextalyzertocheckintheoperatingsystemforrecentactivity.ThetechnologycoulddeterminewhetheradriverhadjusttextedemailedordoneanythingelsethatisnotallowedunderNewYorkshands-freedrivinglaws.WeneedsomethingonthebooksthatcanchangepeoplesbehaviorsaidFelixW.Ortizwhopushedforthestates2001banonhand-helddevicesbydrivers.IftheTextalyzerbillbecomeslawhesaidpeoplearegoingtobemoreafraidtoputtheirhandsonthecellphone.”

10.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordsomethinginthelastparagraphrefertoA.Advice.B.Data.C.Tests.D.Laws..C[2022•全国高考乙卷】Canasmallgroupofdrones（无人机）guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysandatthesametimehelprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyearThatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtodayseyesinthesky“technologytomakingsurethatthemillionsofkilometresofrailtracksandinfrastructure（基石出设施）worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspectedthemorerailwaysafetyreliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficient（高效）acrosstheboard.Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenanceincludingsendingmaintenancestaffoftenatnighttoinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrewsefforts.Byusingthelatesttechnologiesdronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrailwaysdetectingfaultsintherailorswitchesbeforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.Toperformthesetasksdronesfbrraildontneedtobeflyingoverhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrainandprogrammedtorunautonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeaheadtheycouldsignalanyproblemsothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.

9.Whatdoesmaintenance“underlinedinparagraph3refertoA.Personnelsafety.B.Assistancefromdrones.C.Inspectionandrepair.D.Constructionofinfrastructure..C[2021•全国新高考I卷】WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmericatheskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunatelyittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl（水禽）werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulationsgreatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.In1934withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct（Act）anincreasinglyconcernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory（迁徙的）waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.UnderthisActallwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N.DingDarlingapoliticalcartoonistfromDesMoinesIowawhoatthattimewasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauofBiologicalSurvey.Hunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofournaturalresources.About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem-afactthatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.

29129.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate“meaninthefirstparagraphA.Acquire.B.Export.C.Destroy.D.Distribute..B[2021•全国高考乙卷】WhenalmosteveryonehasamobilephonewhyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingforalandline（座机）ThesedaysyoudbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesntownamobilephone.Infactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhereanytime.Still55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter（29%）relyonlyontheirsmartphonesaccordingtoasurvey（调查）.OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandlineathirdconcedethatitsnotreallynecessaryandtheyrekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies.Ithinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturallyafactor（因素）一only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthencomparedto84percentofBabyBoomerswhoveperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.Ageisnttheonlyfactor;Idsayitsalsotodowiththemakeupofyourhousehold.GenerationXerswithyoungfamilieslikemywifeandIcanstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.ThatsaidtobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparentstothepointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscallingbeforewepickupthephone（usingCallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit）.HowattachedareyoutoyourlandlineHowlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“concede“inparagraph3meanA.Admit.B.Argue.C.Remember.D.Remark.

5.【2020•新高考全国H卷（海南卷）】Theendoftheschoolyearwasinsightandspiritswerehigh.Iwasbackteachingafteranabsenceof15yearsdealingwiththevariouskindsofforbiddenfruitnthatcomeoutofbookbags.Nowwasthespringofthewaterpistol（手枪）.Idecidedtothinkupamethodofdealingwithforbiddenfruit.“PleasebringthatpistoltomeJIsaid.ImgoingtoputitinmyGrandmasBox.”Whatsthat1theyasked.ItsalargewoodenchestfulloftoysformygrandchildrennIrepliednYoudon*thavegrandchildren/someonesaid.Idontnow.Ireplied.nButsomedayIwill.WhenIdomyboxwillbefullofwonderfulthingsforthem.1MyimaginaryGrandmasBoxworkedlikemagicthatspringandlater.Sometimes.studentswouldaskmetodescribeallthethingsIhadinit.ThenIwouldtrytorememberthedifferentpossessionsIsupposedlyhadtakenaway一sinceIseldomactuallykeptthemUsuallytheoffenderwouldappearattheendofthedayandIwouldreturnthebelonging.The-yearswentbyandmyfirstgrandchildGordonwasborn.Isharedmyjoywiththatyearsclass.ThensomeonesaidNowyoucanuseyourGrandmasBox.FromthenoninsteadofcomingtoasktheirpossessionsbackthestudentswouldsayThatsokay.PutitinyourGrandmasBoxforGordon.1Ilovedtalkingabouttheimaginaryboxnotonlywithmystudentsbutalsowithmyownchildren.TheyenjoyedhearingaboutalltheforbiddenfruitIhadcollected.ThenoneChristmasIreceivedasurprisegift-alargebeautifullymadewoodenchest.MysonBrucehadmademyGrandmasBoxareality.

25.Whatdotheunderlinedwordsntheoffender11inparagraph8referto（）Thestudentsparent.ThemakeroftheGrandmasBox.Theauthorsgrandchild.Theowneroftheforbiddenfruit.词义猜测题考点2猜测短语题

1.C[2022•新高考I卷】Theelderlyresidents（居民）incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhenstolookaftertostopthemfeelinglonely.Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity（慈善组织）toreducelonelinessandimproveelderlypeopleswellbeing.Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssufferingdementiaaseriousillnessofthemind.Staffincarehomeshavereportedareductionintheuseofmedicinewherehensareinuse.Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.Shesaid:IusedtokeephenswhenIwasyoungerandhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteachmorningbeforeIwenttoschool.“Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorninglettingthehensoutanddownthereagainatnighttoseetheyvegonetobed.”Itsgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheirchildrenintoseethehensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.Tmenjoyingthecreativeactivitiesanditfeelsgreattohavedonesomethinguseful.Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEastandthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide.WendyWilsonextracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreetoneofthefirsttoembarkontheprojectsaid:Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.”LynnLewisdirectorofNottingHillPathwayssaid:“Wearehappytobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.

10.WhatdotheunderlinedwordsembarkorTmeaninparagraph7A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate..【2022年新高考全国H卷】BWejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytellingwithmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledontevenrealizeifsnew.Forthemitsjustnormal.ThishithomiformeasIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.Ihadbroughtachildrensbooktoread.Ithadsimplewordsandcolorfulpictures一aperfectmatchforhisage.Picturethis:mygrandsonsittingonmylapasIholdthebookinfrontsohecanseethepictures.AsIreadhereachesoutandpokes（戳）thepagewithhisfinger.WhafsupwiththatHejustlikesthepicturesIthought.ThenIturnedthepageandcontinued.Hepokedthepageevenharder.Inearlydroppedthebook.Iwasconfused:IstheresomethingwrongwiththiskidThenIrealizedwhatwashappening.Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.Sorrykid.Thisbookisnotpartofyourhigh-techworld.IVsanoutdatedlifelessthing.Anantiquelikeyourgrandfather.WellImaybeoldbutImnothopelesslychallengeddigitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.Tveevenbuiltwebsites.Theresonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperiencehowever:IvespentlittletimeinfrontofacamerasinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.ButthatdidntstopChinaDailyfromaskingmelastweektoshareapersonalstoryforavideoprojectabouttheintegrationofBeijingTianjinandHebeiprovince.Anywaygrandpaisnowaninternetstar-twominutesoffame!Ipromisenottoletitgotomyhead.ButIwillmakesuremy2-year-oldgrandsonseesitonhistablet.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“hithomeforme“meaninparagraph2A.Providedshelterforme.B.Becameverycleartome.C.Tookthepressureoffme.D.Workedquitewellonme..C[2022•全国甲卷】AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarcticashefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins（企鹅）longingtosayhello.Thesegentlelovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.EversinceherchildhoodGinninow71hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercareer（职业）asaprofessionaldancershetouredintheUKbutalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenestshedecideditwastimetotaketheplunge.AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArtsGinnibegantotraveltheworldeventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuegothesouthernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland.IjustdecidedwantedtogoJshesays.IhadnoideaaboutwhatIdfindthereandIwasntnervousIjustwantedtodoit.AndIwantedtodoitaloneasIalwayspreferitthatway.”InMarch2008Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshednevermetbeforetobeginthejourneytowardsAntarctica.Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrisesthewholeexperiencewasamazing.AntarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehasJGinnisays.IrememberthefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistoriccreatureandIthoughtitwassmilingatus.Youcouldstillheartheoperaticsoundsitwasmakingunderwater.^^TherealizationthatthisisapreciouslandtoberespectedbyhumanswasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“taketheplunge^^underlinedinparagraph2A.Trychallengingthings.B.Takeadegree.C.Bringbacklostmemories.D.Sticktoapromise.

4.B【2021年新高考全国H卷】IhaveworkedasakeeperattheNationalZooParisfor11years.SpotandStripearethefirsttigercubsthathaveeverbeenbornhere.GloballyathirdofSumatrancubsinzoosdontmakeittoadulthoodsoIdecidedtogivethemround-the-clockcareathome.Fvegottwochildren-theyoungeroneKynanwasextremelyhappyaboutthetigersarriving-butallofusreallylookedforwardtobeingpartoftheirlivesandwatchingthemgrow.Iwasntworriedaboutbringingthemintomyhomewithmywifeandkids.Thesewerecubs.Theyweighedabout

2.5kgandweresosmallthattherewasabsolutelynorisk.Astheygrewmoremobileweletthemmovefreelyaroundthehouseduringthedaybutwhenwewereasleepwehadtocontaintheminalargeroomotherwisetheydgetuptomischief.Wedcomedowninthemorningtofindtheydturnedtheroomupsidedownandleftitlookinglikeazoo.Thingsquicklygotveryintenseduetothehugeamountofenergyrequiredtolookafterthem.ThereweresometoughtimesandIjustfeltextremelytired.Iwasgratefulthatmyfamilywastheretohelp.Wehadtohaveabitofaproductionlinegoingmakingup“tigermilk”washingbabybottlesandcleaningthefloors.WhenSpotandStripewerefourmonthsoldtheywerelearninghowtoopendoorsandjumpfencesandweknewitreallywastimeforthemtogo.Itwashardforustofinallypartwiththem.ForthefirstfewdaysKynanwasalwaysabitdisappointedthatthecubswerentthere.Imnotsadaboutit.Pmhands-onwiththemeverydayatthezooandIdolookbackveryfondlyonthetimethatwehadthem.

5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“getuptomischiefmeaninparagraph3A.Behavebadly.B.Losetheirway.C.Sleepsoundly.D.Misstheirmom.

5.C[2021•英语全国甲卷】WhenIwas9wepackedupourhomeinLosAngelesandarrivedatHeathrowLondononagrayJanuarymorning.Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue一skydaysIfeltatalossandoutofplace.UntilImadeadiscovery.SouthbankataneasternbendintheThamesisthecenterofBritishskateboardingwherethecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.1lovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wespokeourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite:Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdontworryaboutit.Oncewhentryingacertaintrickonthebeam（横杆）IfellontothestonesdamaginganerveinmyhandandTobycameoverhelpingmeup:Safeman.Safe.AfewminuteslaterwhenIlandedthetrickmyfriendsbeattheirboardsloudshouting:Safe!Safe!Safe!”Andthafswhatmattered—landingtricksbeingagoodskater.WhenIwas15myfamilymovedtoWashington.Itriedskateboardingtherebutthelocalswerefarlesswelcoming.WithinacoupleofyearsIdgivenitup.WhenIreturnedtoLondonin20041foundmyselfwanderingdowntoSouthbankspendinghoursthere.T*vetraveledbackseveraltimessincemostrecentlythispastspring.Thedaywascoldbutclear:touristsandLondonersstoppedtowatchtheskaters.Weaving（穿梭）amongthekidswhorushedbyontheirboardsIfoundmywaytothebeam.Thenarail-thinteenagerinabaggywhiteT——shirtskidded（滑）uptothebeam.Hesatnexttome.Heseemednottonoticethemannexttohim.ButsoonIcaughtafewofhisglances.Iwasalocalhere20yearsago“Itoldhim.Thenslowlyhebegantonodhishead.Safeman.Safe.^“YeahJIsaid.Safe.”

9.WhatdotheunderlinedwordsSafe!Safe!Safe!^probablymeanA.Becareful!B.Welldone!C.Noway!D.Dontworry!

6.

12020.全国新课标H】Ihaveaspecialplaceinmyheartforlibraries.IhaveforaslongasIcanremember.Iwasalwaysanenthusiasticreadersometimesreadinguptothreebooksadayasachild.StorieswerelikeairtomeandwhileotherkidsplayedballorwenttopartiesIlivedoutadventuresthroughthebooksIcheckedoutfromthelibrary.MyfirstjobwasworkingattheUkiahLibrarywhenIwas16yearsold.ItwasadreamjobandIdideverythingfromshelvingbookstoreadingtothechildrenforstorytime.AsIgrewolderandbecameamotherthelibrarytookonanewplaceandanaddedmeaninginmylife.Ihadseveralchildrenandbookswereourmainsource（来源）ofentertainment.Itwasabigdealforustoloadupandgotothelocallibrarywheremykidscouldpickoutbookstoreadorbookstheywantedmetoreadtothem.IalwaysreadusingdifferentvoicesasthoughIwereactingoutthestorieswithmyvoiceandtheylovedit!Itwasaspecialtimetobondwithmychildrenanditfilledthemwiththewondermentofbooks.NowIseemychildrentakingtheirchildrentothelibraryandIlovethattheexcitementofgoingtothelibrarylivesonformgenerationtogeneration.AsanovelistIvefoundanewrelationshipwithlibraries.Iencouragereaderstogototheirlocallibrarywhentheycantaffordtopurchaseabook.Iseelibrariesasasafehaven（避风港）forreadersandwritersabridgethathelpsputtogetherareaderwithabook.Librariesintheirownwayhelpfightbookpiracy（盗版行为Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“anaddedmeaning“inparagraph3refertoA.Pleasurefromworkinginthelibrary.BJoyofreadingpassedoninthefamily.Wondermentfromactingoutthestories.Acloserbonddevelopedwiththereaders.词义猜测题考点3猜测代词指代

1.【2020年新高考I卷（山东卷）】Inthemid-1990sTomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonthsphysicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.AfewyearslaterstillattractedtothecountryhereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.Hisvisithoweverendedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.HencethisbookChasingtheSea:LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsiawhichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstanwheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangelandandofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway:Rustamhistranslatoralovely24-year-oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCaliforniaOlegandNatashahishostsinTashkentandastringofforeignaidworkers.ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistanmadeoffriendlinessandwarmthbutalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkandMrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonderswhileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghanaheattendsamountainfuneral（葬礼）followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstanheissaddenedbytheduststormsdiseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferencesmakinghistaleawell-roundedpictureofUzbekistanseenfromWesterneyes.HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmericanaswellashisdelicatestomach.Astheauthorexplainsthisisneitheratravelnorahistorybookorevenapieceofreportage.WhateveritistheresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordthatinparagraph2refertoDevelopingaseriousmentaldisease.TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.

2.【2020年浙江卷】ThetrafficsignalsalongFactoriaBoulevardinBellevueWashingtongenerallydontflashthesamelengthofgreentwiceinarowespeciallyatrushhour.At9:30amthefull词义猜测题考点1单词词义题考点2猜测短语题考点3猜测指代题考点4猜测句意题题型解读命题要求素养解读要求考生阅读4篇短文，从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项题材广泛，包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等多方面内容体裁多样，以记叙文、议论文、说明文为主考查主旨大意、细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、篇章结构等主旨大意题包括精确归纳标题、概括文章大意和总结段落大意，主要考查考生能否分辨主题和细节，是否具备提纲挈领的能力，也就是能否在理解全文的基础上运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑方法对文章进行高度概括和总结，做这类题目时要高瞻远瞩，不可以以偏概全。