甘肃省天水市一中2020-2021学年高一英语下学期第一阶段考试试题

甘肃省天水市一中2020-2021学年高一英语下学期第一阶段考试试题（满分100分时间90分钟）第I卷选择题（共50分）阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案AWhilesomecustomslikesettingofffireworksandcountingdownthelastfewsecondsseemuniversalmanycountrieshavetheirownuniqueNewYearsEvetraditions.Denmark:BreakplatesADanishtraditionistothrowplatesanddishesagainstfriendsandneighborsfrontdoors.Itsabitofapopularitycontestasthebiggerthepileofbrokenchinaisthenextmorningthemorefriendsandgoodluckyou11haveinthecomingyear.Germany:PouringleadInGermanypeoplemeltsmallpiecesofleadinaspoonoveracandlethenpourtheliquidintocoldwater.Theshapesfromtheleadpouringaresupposedtorevealwhattheyearaheadwillbring.Iftheleadformsaballluckwillrolloneswaywhiletheshapeofacrownmeanswealth;acrossmeansdeathandastarwillbringhappiness.Spain:TwelvegrapesofluckInSpainoneNewYearstraditionistoeat12grapesoneforeachmonthofthecomingyeartosecureprosperity（繁荣）.Youneedtoeatonegrapewitheachbellstrikeatmidnight.Thetraditiondatesfrom1909whenfarmersinAlicantecameupwiththisideatosellmoregrapesafteranexceptionalharvest.Philippines:RoundfoodroundclothesroundeverythingInthePhilippinesthestartofthenewyearisallaboutthemoney.Thelocalsbelievethatsurroundingthemselveswithroundthings（torepresentcoins）willbringmoneyorfortune.Asaresultclotheswithdotsarewornandroundfoodiseaten.

1.WhatisbelievedtobringgoodluckforthecomingnewyearinDenmarkA.AredcandleB.RoundfoodC.BrokenchinaD.AleadcrossWhatinspiredtheNewYearstraditionofeatinggrapesA.Awaytomakecoins.B.Anacttokeeppower.C.Adesiretobepopular.D.AnideatoearnmoremoneyWhichsectionofamagazineisthetextprobablytakenfromA.FashionB.TravelC.CultureD.EntertainmentB“ConfidenceisprobablyoneofthemostnoticeablequalityintheAmericans.Theyshowconfidenceinthewaytheytalkthewaytheysmilethewaytheydressandthewaytheywalk.LivingandcompetingwithalltheseconfidentAmericanstudentsIfinditextremelyimportanttobeconfidentasaninternationalstudentandteacher.Asastudentbeingconfidentmeansyoushoulddaretoraiseyourhandwheneveraquestionorapointcomestoyourmind.Don，tmindifitsoundssimpleorsilly.Otherwiseyouwillnevergetachancetospeakinclassatall.Whatsworsetheprofessorsmaythinkyouarenotpreparedforthediscussionoryoudonothaveyourownopiniononthetopic一thisisthelastcommentanygraduatewouldnotliketoreceive.BeingconfidentformeasaforeignteachermeanscalmlyaskingthestudenttorepeatwhatheorshehassaidifIdidnotgetit.Pretendingtounderstandwhatyouactuallydidnotmayjustbringyourselfuneasinessorevenshame.ButthetimeImostneedtobeconfidentiswhenmystudentscometomyofficeandbargainaboutthegradesIhavegivenfortheirspeechesThecourseImteachinghereisPublicSpeaking.ModestyisaqualityhighlyvaluedinChinabutitwontbeofmuchhelphereifyouwanttosurviveandsucceedinagoodAmericangraduateprogram.WhatshouldwedomostifwewanttocompetewithAmericanstudentsA.Bequiteconfident.B.Bepoliteandfriendly.C.Havemorediscussions.D.Knowwhattheythinkabout.Aprofessorwillhavetheworstopinionofastudentwho.A.givesasillyorsimpleanswerB.triestoseizeanychancetospeakinclassC.showsinterestinthetopicD.isconsideredtohavenoopinionofhisownTheauthorismostlikelytofeeluneasinessif.A.heasksastudenttorepeatwhathehassaidB.thestudentsbargainwithhimC.hepretendstoknowwhathedoesn，tD.hehastogiveaspeechCFairytalesfocusoncreatingafantasyworldtothereaderencouragingimaginationandteachingproblem-solvingskills.Itisequallyimportantthattheyprovideinfluentialmorallessonshighlightingthedangersoffailingtofollowthesocialcodesthatlethumanbeingsco-existinharmony.SuchmorallessonsmaynotmeanmuchtoarobotbutateamofresearchersatGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologybelievesithasfoundawaytousethefairytalesasmorallessonsthatAI（artificialintelligence）cantaketoitscoldandmechanicalheart.Thecollectedstoriesofdifferentculturesteachchildrenhowtobehaveinsociallyacceptablewayswithexamplesofproperandimproperbehaviorinfairytalesnovelsandotherliterature.WebelievestorycomprehensioninrobotscaneliminatetheimmoralbehaviorofthetheintelligentrobotswhichwaspredictedandfearedbysomeofthebiggestnamesintechnologyincludingStephenHawkingandBillGates.Thissystemiscalled“Quixote”（堂吉诃德）.ItcollectsstoryplotsfromtheInternetandthenusesthosestoriestoteachrobotshowtobehave.Theexperimentdonebythedesignersinvolvesgoingtoadrugstoretopurchasesomemedicineforahumanwhoneedstogetitassoonaspossible.Therobothasthreeoptions.Itcanwaitinline;itcaninteractwiththestorekeeperpolitelyandpurchasethemedicinewithpriority;oritcanstealthemedicineandescape.Withoutanyfurtherdirectives（指令），therobotwillcometotheconclusionthatthemostefficientmeansofobtainingthemedicineistostealit.ButQuixoteoffersarewardforwaitinginlineandpolitelypurchasingthemedicineandapunishmentforstealingit.Inthiswaytherobotwilllearnthemoralwaytobehaveonthatoccasion.Quixotewouldrunbestonarobotthathasaverylimitedfunction.Itsababy-stepinthedirectionofteachingmoremorallessonsintorobots.WebelievethatAIhastobetrainedtoadoptthevaluesofaparticularsocietyandindoingsoitwillstrivetoavoidunacceptablebehavior.Givingrobotstheabilitytoreadandunderstandourstoriesmaybethemostefficientmeans.WhatistherobotreallyexpectedtodointheexperimentTopurchasesomemedicineforahuman.Tofinishthetaskasefficientlyaspossible.Toperforininasociallyacceptableway.Toperformunderthedesignersinstructions.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordmeanA.praiseB.promoteC.removeD.strengthenWhichofthefollowinginformationcanwegetQuixotehasalreadybeenwidelyusedinrobots.Robotswillbedefinitelydesignedwithlimitedfunction.Thedevelopmentofrobotsisstillinababystep.Robotsarenecessarilytobetrainedtofollowsocialbehaviors.

10.WhatsthetextmainlyaboutA.Usingstoriestoteachmoraltorobots.B.Speedingupthedevelopmentofrobots.C.Preventingrobotsfrombehavingbadly.D.Trainingrobotstoreadfairytales.IL七选五（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项RisingThroughStagestoRealizeOurselvesManymodernpeoplehavetheproblemthattheydontknowwhotheyareandwhattheirpurposeis11Oncehighschoolseniorsgraduatetheyseemtolosetheiridentity.Theyoncestudiedhard.Butaftertheystopworkingtheybegintolosetheirway.InthetheoryoftheHierarchyofNeeds（需求理论），AbrahamMasloputforwardasimilarsituationwhichconsistsofthefivelevelsofapersonsneed.Thefifthandfinallevelisself-realizationwhichiswhereourfinalachievementlies.

12.Ithinkself-realizationhasthreemajoraspects.Thefirststageisacceptancethesecondstageisdiscoveryandthelaststageisperseverance.Acceptanceisthefirststage.Weshouldberemindedthatweareallbornuniquesoweallhaveourownstrengthsandweaknesses.Onlywhenweunderstandthesecanwepursuethemorchangethem.

13.Onceweveacceptedourselveswecandiscoverwhatweareinterestedinandwhatwewanttobe.14butindeedweshouldliveforourselves.Sobeforewestartworkingtowardsapurposeweshouldaskourselves“Isthiswhatwetrulydesire”and“Isthisgoingtochangethesituationwerein”Thelaststageisperseverance.15Thosewhocanself-realizearepeoplewhofocusonthethingstheywanttochange.Throughthethreestageswecouldgainrecognitionofourselves.Andbythispointwhateverourliveswerelikewewouldbeabletostandtallconfidentofourselves.ItsnothingtoamanofperseveranceOnlybyacceptanceofthepastcanwechangeitThisisespeciallycommonamongcollegestudentsManypeopletendtogoalongwithsocialexpectationsBeingobjectiveandyettolerantisthekeytoacceptanceItistheprocessofknowingourselvesandfindingapurposeExploringourpotentialisntgoingtobedoneinashorttimeIII.完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑Scientistsfindthathardworkingpeoplelivelongerthanaverage（普通的）menandwomen.Careerwomenare16thanhousewives.Evidenceshowsthatthe17areinpoorerhealththanthejob-holders.Astudyshows18theunemploymentrateincreasesby1%thedeathrate19correspondingly（相应地）by2%.Allthiscomesdowntoonepoint:workis20tohealth.WhyisworkgoodforhealthItis21workkeepspeoplebusyawayfromlonelinessandsolitude（孤独）.Researchesshowthatpeoplefeel22worriedandlonelywhentheyhavenothingtodo.Insteadthehappiestarethosewhoare23Manyhighachieverswholovetheircareersfeelthattheyarehappiestwhenworkinghard.Workservesasa24betweenmanandreality.Byworkpeople25eachother.Bycollective（集体的）activitytheyfindfriendshipandwarmth.Thisishelpfultohealth.Thelossofwork26thelossofeverything.Itaffectsmanspirituallyandmakeshimliableto（易于）

27.28workgivesoneasenseofachievement.Workmakesonefeelhis29andstatusinsociety.Whena30finisheshiswritingoradoctorsuccessfully31apatientorateacherseeshisstudents32allofthemwillbehappybeyond33Fromtheabovewecan34theconclusion（结论）thatthemoreyou35thehappierandhealthieryouwillbe.Letusworkhardstudywellandliveahappyandhealthylife.

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19.A.comeupwithB.havecontactwithC.lookdownuponD.lookuptoA.managesB.controlsC.operatesonD.dealswithA.cometoB.turntoC.sticktoD.pointto第H卷非选择题共50分.语法填空共10小题；每小题分，满分15分阅读下面的文章按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空Tensofmillionsofpeoplecarrytheirsmartphoneswiththemeverywheretheygothebathroom36include.Ourphonesarealwayswithinourgrasp37meanstheyarealsoconstant1y38exposetowhateverbacteriawemayhaveaccumulatedonourhands.39fortunateanewsurveyof1200Americansandtheircleaninghabits40findthatoneinfourhavenevercleanedtheirphones.Tofindoutjust41dirtymostphonesbecomeresearchersestimatethataregularly42usesmartphonethathasneverbeencleanedmayholdmorebacteria43anentirehouseholdbathroom.AccordingtothesurveyconductedbythecompanyVitalVioitscommonforsmartphones44comeintocontactwithvariousformsofbacteriaincludingstrepstaphandE.coli.Suddenly45eatasandwichinyourbathroomdoesntsoundsobad..课文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

（1）Atthattimepeoplewould46iffoodwasdifficulttofindespeciallyduringthecoldwintermonths.Todaysfestivalshavemany47:someare48someseasonalandsomeforspecialpeopleorevents.

（2）Thesecarnivalsmightincludeparadesdancinginthestreetsdayandnightloudmusicandcolourful49ofallkinds.Easterisanimportantreligiousandsocialfestivalfor50aroundtheworld.ItcelebratesthereturnofJesusfromthedeadandthecomingofspringandnewlife.JapansCherryBlossomFestivalhappensalittlelater.Thecountry51withcherrytreeflowerslooksasthoughitiscoveredwithpinksnow.

（3）WangPengfollowedLiChangintoasmallnewrestaurant.Hesawa52atthedoor.53ofallthatfatWanttolose54ComeinsideYongHuis55restaurant.Onlyslimmingfoodsservedhere.Makeyourselfthinagain!.短文改错（共10处错；每处1分，满分10分）增加在缺词处加一个漏词符号

（八），并在其下面写出该加的词.删除把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉.修改在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意

1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分NearlyfiveyearsbeforeandwiththehelpbyourfathermysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoesinourbackgarden.Sincethen一foralltheseyear—wehadbeenallowingtomatoestoself-seedwheretheyplease.Asresulttheplantsaregrowingsomewhere.Thefruitsaresmallinsizebutjuicyandtaste.Therearesomuchthatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors.Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryearbutwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblems.Wearegrowingwonderfullytomatoesatnocost!VIL书面表达（满分15分）假设你叫李华，是一家英文杂志社的心理咨询师某中学生小王给你写信，提到自己偏胖，想节食减肥，征求你的意见请你给她回一封信，谈谈你对该问题的见解内容要点如下.健康比漂亮更重要；.学生以学习为主，不要过于注重外貌和别人的看法；.可通过多锻炼身体保持健康，要改变不良的饮食习惯;.健康的心态也很重要注意

1.短文必须包括所有内容要点，可适当发挥；.词数100左右.参考词汇stateofmind心态DearXiaoWangYoursLiHua天水一中高一级2020-2021学年度第二学期第一学段考试英语参考答案一.阅读理解1——3:CDC4一—6:ADC7——10:CCDA二.七选五11一-15CFEDG三.完型填空16—-20BCADA21--25DDADB26--30ADABC31--35CBDAD四.语法填空which

38.beingexposed

39.Unfortunately

40.finds

41.how

42.used

43.than五.课文填空

49.clothing

50.Christians

55.slimming六.短文改错

1.before^ago

2.by^of

3.year^years

4.had-have

6.somewhere-*^everywhere

7.taste-tasty

8.much^many

9.将but去掉或者but—yet

10.wonderfully-wonderful七.书面表达DearXiaoWangIhavereceivedandreadyourletterinwhichyoumentionedthatyouwantedtoloseweightbydieting.Itisonlynaturalthatyounggirlsatyouragehopetolookbeautiful.Howeverinmyopinionhealthismoreimportantthanbeauty.Forastudentstudyingisthefirstthingtoconsiderwhileappearanceisthesecond.Sodonotletothersopinionsaffectyournormallife.Howeverifyoudowanttoloseweightitisagoodideatodoitbygettingmoreexerciseandchangingunhealthyeatinghabits.Themostimportantthingisthatyoukeepahealthystateofmindasitwillhelpwithyourstudiesandwillalsohelpyouovercomedifficultiesindieting.IhopemyadvicewillbehelpfultoyouandImlookingforwardtoyournextletter.YoursLillua。