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高中英语人教版高三二轮复习主谓一致【问题查找】单项选择Onethirdoftheareacoveredwithgreentrees.Aboutseventypercentofthetreesbeenplanted.A.are;haveB.is;hasC.is;haveD.are;hasThenumberofteachersinourcollegegreatlyincreasedlastterm.Anumberofteachersinthisschoolfromthecountryside.A.was;isB.was;areC.were;areD.were;isWhatthepopulationofChinaOne-thirdofthepopulationworkershere.A.is;areB.are;areC.is;isD.are;isNotonlyhebutalsoweright.Heaswellasweright.A.are;areB.are;isC.is;isD.is;areWhathedlikeadigitalwatch.Whathedliketextbooks.A.are;areB.is;isC.is;areD.are;isHeisoneoftheboyswhohereontime.Heistheonlyoneoftheboyswhohereontime.A.hascome;havecomeB.havecome;hascomeC.hascome;hascomeD.havecome;havecomeEitheryouorheinterestedinplayingchess.youorhefondofmusicatpresentA.are;AreB.is;AreC.are;IsD.is;IsManyaprofessorlookingforwardtovisitingGermanynow.Manyscientistsstudiedanimalsandplantsinthelasttwoyears.A.is;haveB.is;hasC.are;haveD.is;areAknifeandaforkonthetable.Aknifeandforkonthetable.A.is;isB.are;areC.are;isD.is;areHerfamilymuchlargerthanminefouryearsago.HerfamilydancingandsingingwhenIcameinlastnight.A.were;wasB.was;wereC.was;wasD.were;were【要点精讲】精讲一主谓一致概述(3分钟)1)语法形式上要一致,即用作主语的名词中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上一致;2)意义上要一致,即主语和谓语的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义分类语法一致原则、逻辑意义一致原则、就近原则精讲二语法一致(20分钟)语法一致原则谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致
(1)以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式Eg.Hisfatherisworkingonthefarm.TostudyEnglishwellisnoteasy.Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.Whathesaidistrue.【注意】★由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式Eg.WhatIboughtwerethreeEnglishbooks.WhatIsayanddohasnothingtodowithyou.★apairof+表无生命的名词+单数谓语;apairof+表人或动物的名词+单数/复数谓语Eg.Thispairofshoesisnotmine.Thehappypairis/aregoingtoHawaiifortheirhoneymoon.2“单数名词+and+单数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数Eg.YouandIaregoodfriends.Theboyandthegirlweresosurprisedwhentheyheardthenews.【注意】★如果and并列的主语指的是同一个人或物时,谓语动词用单数a/the+单数名词人+and+单数名词人+单数谓语a/the+单数名词人+and+a/the+单数名词人+复数谓语Eg.Thedancerandsingerwasgreetedbyacrowdofpeople.Thedancerandthesingerweregreetedbyacrowdofpeople.★由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有noeacheverymorethanaanmanyaan修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式Eg.Everymanwomanandchildneedslove.Eachboyandgirlwasgivenabook.Everyminuteandeverysecondisprecious.★有些用and连接起来的单数名词,由于关系密切,已被看成一个整体,因而作主语时,谓语单词用单数这类名词词组有knifeandfork刀叉needleandthread针线breadandbutter面包和黄油fishandchips炸鱼加薯条thestarsandstripes星条旗FishandchipsisapopularfastfoodinEngland.ThestarsandstripesisthenationalflagoftheU.S.A.3主语为单数名词或代词,后面跟有withtogetherwithexceptbutlikeaswellasratherthanmorethannolessthanbesidesincluding等引起的短语谓语动词仍用单数形式:Eg.Thefactorywithallitsequipmenthasbeenburnt.Themanager;alongwithhissecretariesisgoingtoadinnerpartytonight.Theteacher;aswellastheparentsistoblamefortheaccident.4each;each+单数可数名词;eachof+复数名词作主语时,谓语都用单数形式Eg.Eacharrivesontime.Eachofthebuildingispaintedadifferentcolor.5由anysomenoevery与bodyonething构成的不定代词作主语或主语的一部分,谓语用单数Eg.Everybodyisdoinghisbest.Thereisnothingyoucandotohelp.6在定语从句中,关系代词thatwhowhich等作主语时,谓语动词的数与先行词的数一致Eg.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.试比较Heisoneofmyfriendswhoareworkinghard.Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.★oneof+复数名词+定语从句”结构中,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数;而在“theonlyoneof+复数名词+定语从句”的结构中,定语从句的谓语动词要用单数7如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式这些词有armyfamilyaudienceclubclassgrouporganizationtroop等Eg.Thegraduatingclassisinthelaboratory.Theclasswereallcheerful.Ateamwhichisfullofenthusiasmismorelikelytowin.Theteamweretalkingoversomenewplans.【注意】★peoplepolicecattle等名词一般都用作复数Thepolicearelookingforthelostchild.8在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致Eg.Suchistheresult.Sucharethefacts.精讲三逻辑意义一致15分钟逻辑意义一致原则谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致因有时主语形式为单数,但意义为复数;有时形式为复数,但意义为单数lwhatwhowhichanymoreall等代词可以是单数也可以是复数,主要靠意思来决定:Eg.WhichisyoufavoritesubjectWhichareyourfavoritesubjectsAllisgoingwell.AllhavegonetoBeijing.2表示时间、重量、长度、价值等的名词的复数作主语时,因常表示一个整体的概念,谓语动词常用单数形式Eg.Eighthoursofsleepisenough.Tendollarsistoomuchtopayfortheshirt.3复数形式的专有名词,如书名、剧名、报名、国名等,其谓语用单数Eg.TheUnitedNationshasitsheadquartersinNewYorkCity.TheThameshasalargepopulation.一些学科名词是以-ics结尾如mathematicspoliticsphysics以及newsworks等,都属于形式上是复数的名词,实际意义是单数名词,它们作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式:Eg.Worldeconomicshasadirecteffectonworldpeace.Physicswashermajor.“定冠词the+形容词或分词表示某一类人时,动词用复数:Eg.Therichgetricherandthepoorgetpoorer.Thegoodarewellrewardedandthebadpunished.精讲四就近原则5分钟就近原则谓语动词的人称与最近的主语保持一致1当两个主语由or;either---or;neither---nor;whether---or---;notonly---butalso连接时,谓语动词和邻近的主语一致Eg.GeorgeorIamwrong.EitherJohnorhisfriendsaretoblameforthebadresults.NeithermybrothernorIamgoingtothesummercamp.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacherisinvitedtotheparty.2therebe句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语,则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致here引导的句子用法相同Eg.Thereisapenaknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk.Therearetwentygirlsandonlyoneboyinourclass.精讲五特别注意的用法15分钟umanya/morethanone+单数名词”作主语时,谓语用单数:Eg.Manyashiphasbeenwreckedonthoserocks.Morethanonegrammaticalmistakewasfoundinhiscomposition.2表示鸟兽鱼群的词,如aflockofbirdsapackofdogsaprideoflionsaherdofcattleaschooloffish等作主语,谓语用单数:Eg.Aflockofbirdsiscirclingoverhead.alotoflotsofplentyofthepercentageof分数词+of作主语的一部分时,与复数名词连用,谓语用复数形式;与不可数名词连用,谓语用单数形式Eg.Two-fifthsofthemoneyismine.Two-fifthsofthestudentsintheclassarefromEnglish-speakingcountries.agreatdealofanamountofalittleofmuchof等与不可数名词连用时谓语用单数Eg.Muchofthefurnitureisuncomfortable.Thereisalimitedamountofoilintheworld.agoodmanyagreatmanyanumberof与复数可数名词连用作主语时,谓语用复数Eg.Therewereagreatmanypeopleinthepark.Anumberofstudentswereabsent.【注意】thenumberof十复数名词十单数谓语”,表示“…的数目”Thenumberofdaysinaweekisseven.aquantityof和quantitiesof后既可接可数名词复数形式也可接不可数名词;aquantityof…作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于后面的名词是否可数;而quantitiesof…作主语时,谓语动词总用复数形式Eg.Alargequantityofbookshavebeenbought.Withmoreandmoreforestsbeingdestroyedalargequantityofgoodearthisbeingwashedawayeachyear.=Withmoreandmoreforestsbeingdestroyedlargequantitiesofgoodeartharebeingwashedawayeachyear.【查漏补缺】单句语法填空Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrowbeoftenacceptable.Thefamousmusicianaswellashisstudentsbeinvitedtoperformattheopeningceremonyofthe2012TaipeiFlowerExpo.Allweneedbeasmallpieceoflandwherewecanplantvariouskindsoffruittreesthroughoutthegrowingseasonsoftheyear.Kathieisreadingthenotewhichbeleftinthedrawertheotherday.NeitherInorAmybetoattendthebusinessconferenceifwearebusy.Ourschoolalongwithmanyotherbrothermiddleschoolsbetotakeanotherjointtestnextmonth.TodayanewformofcommunicationWeChatvwhichownaChinesenameWeixinisbecomingthemostinfluentialtextandvoicingtoolallovertheworld.Morethanonedoctorbeinvolvedintherescuethattookplaceaftertheearthquake.Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyedhugequantitiesofgoodearthbebeingwashedawayeachyear.Thisisbecausetwothirdsoftheearthssurfacebemadeupofvastoceans.【梳理优化】【强化巩固】单项选择.Thefactoryused65percentoftherawmaterialstherestofwhichsavedforotherpurposes.A.isB.areC.wasD.wereOne-thirdofthecountrycoveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizensblackpeople.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;areD.are;isItisreportedthatmanyanewhouseatpresentinthedisasterarea.A.arebeingbuiltB.werebeingbuiltC.wasbeingbuiltD.isbeingbuiltTraditionalfolkartsofTianjinlikepapercuttingatthecultureshowofthe2010ShanghaiWorldExpo.A.areexhibitingB.isexhibitingC.arebeingexhibitedD.isbeingexhibitedBarbaraiseasytorecognizeasshestheonlyoneofthewomenwhoeveningdress.A.wearB.wearsC.haswornD.havewornSuchpoetsasShakespearewidelyreadofwhoseworkshoweversomedifficulttounderstand.A.are;areB.is;isC.are;isD.is;areAtpresentoneoftheargumentsinfavorofthenewairportthatitwillbringalotofjobstothearea.A.isB.areC.w川beD.wereProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureonthewesternculturebutwhenandwhereyet.A.hasntbeendecidedB.haventdecidedC.isntbeingdecidedD.arentdecided
9.Asurveyoftheopinionsofexpertsthatthreehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweekgoodforoneshealth.A.show;areB.shows;areC.show;isD.shows;areNowadaysthenumberofpeoplewhohungrybeengreatlyreduced.A.goes;haveB.goes;hasC.go;hasD.go;haveThoughthereonlyasmallquantityoffoodandwaterlefttheymanagedtoarriveatthedestinationsafeandsound.A.isB.wasC.wereD.areTherenothingtotalkaboutsoeveryoneintheroomremainedsilent.A.wasB.hadC.isD.hasWhenandwheretobuildthenewfactoryyet.A.hasnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.isnotdecidingD.hasnotbeendecided
14.Betweenthetwobuildingsamountain.A.standB.standsC.standingD.isstandingDisplayingfeelingsatonepointexpressingthosefeelingthroughafacialreaction.A.ismeantB.meanC.aremeantD.meansThepolicedeterminedtobringbackthemissingboywhenhisfamilyalmostgivenupallhope.A.is;hasB.are;haveC.are;hasD.is;haveEverypossiblemeanstriedbutwithoutmuchresult.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeenHisfamilyabigone.NowthefamilywatchingTV.A.is;isB.are;areC.is;areD.are;isTheLeaguesecretaryandmonitoraskedtomakeaspeechatthemeeting.A.hasB.haveC.areD.isNobodyexceptBillandJohnenteredthesecondroundoftheinterview.A.haveB.hasC.havebeenD.hasbeenToplaybasketballandtogotoswimmingusefulforcharacter-training.A.wasB.isC.areD.wereWeeachstrongpointsandeachofusontheotherhandweakpoints.A.have;haveB.has;haveC.has;hasD.have;has【课后练习】单项选择HowandwhyJackcametoChinanotknown.Whenandwheretobuildthenewlibrarynotbeendecided.A.is;hasB.are;hasC.is;haveD.are;haveNowTomtogetherwithhisclassmatesfootballontheplayground.A.playB.areplayingC.playsD.isplayingTwohundredandfiftypoundstoounreasonableapriceforasecond-handcar.A.isB.areC.wereD.beAllbutDickinClassThreethisterm.A.areB.isC.wereD.wasSoonaftertheearthquakeeverymanwomanandchildaboutit.A.weretalkingB.wastalkingC.talkD.talksofthelandinthatdistrictcoveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth;isB.Twofifths;areC.Twofifth;areD.Twofifths;isMyfriendandclassmatePaulmotorcyclesinhissparetime.A.raceB.racesC.isracedD.isracingThereapentwopencilsandthreebooksonthedesk.A.areB.isC.hasD.haveThefactoryincludingitsmachinesandbuildingsburntlastnight.A.isB.areC.wereD.wasClimbinghillsofgreathelptohealth.A.isB.areC.wereD.beNottheteacherbutthestudentsexcited.A.isB.hasC.areD.haveTheinjuredinthetsunamigoodcareofbysomemedicalteams.A.istakenB.arebeingtakenC.aretakingD.isbeingtakenAsIhaveameetingatfourtenminutesallthatIcansparetotalkwithyou.A.areB.wasC.isD.wereEachmanandeachwomanaskedtohelpwhenthefirebrokeout.A.isB.wasC.areD.wereAbout60percentofthestudentsfromthesouth;therestofthemfromthenorthandforeigncountries.A.are;isB.is;isC.is;areD.are;are。