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考点07构词法高考频度★★★★★许多英语单词的构成都有一定的规律,这种规律被称为构词法wordformationo掌握构词法知识对我们更好地理解词义、认识新词和扩大词汇量有重要意义英语中的构词法主要有派生法Derivation、合成法Composition和转换法Conversion三大类构词法一派生法在一个词的词根root前面或后面加上某个词缀affix来产生新词,这种构词法称为派生法derivation或词缀法affixation加在前面的词缀叫前缀prefix加在后面的词缀叫后缀suffix一般情况下,前缀往往改变词根的词义,不改变词根的词性;而后缀往往改变词根的词性,有些也涉及意义的变化大部分前缀和后缀都有固定的意义,因而许多派生词的词义可以通过词根及词缀的意思推知agree[agri:]v.同意;应允agreement[agri^ant]n.同意,一致;协定协议amaze[ameE]v.惊奇,惊叹;震惊amazed感到惊讶的amazing[ameEi]]a.惊奇,惊叹的;震惊的beamazedat对・・感到惊讶amuse[amju^]vt.(使人)快乐,逗乐amused感到愉快的amusing令人愉快的amusement[amju^mant]n.娱乐analyze/飞nlaE/v.分析analysis[anaelasE]n.分析,分析结果anger[teijg9(r)]n.怒,愤怒angry[tengri]a.生气的,愤怒的anxiety[®i]zantf]n.担忧焦虑anxious[a.忧虑的,焦急的apologize[apoladsaE]vi.道歉,谢罪apology[apolodsiln.道歉;歉意appear[apD(r)]vi.出现appearance[aperans]n.出现,露面;容貌application[岔plikeiKs)n]n.申请apply[Jplailv.申请appoint[opont]v.任命,委任,安排appointment[apontmant]n.约会appreciate[Jprijbit]v.欣赏;感激appreciation[apri^eiKa)n]n.欣赏,鉴定,评估appropriate[abroopret]a.合适的,恰当的approximately[oproksimatli]ad.近似,大约argue[a:gju:]vi.争辩,争论argument[a:gjomant]n.争论,辩论arrange[orends]v.安排,布置arrangement[arendgnantjn.安排布置arrival[Jrawal]n.到来,到达arrive[e+aw]vi.到达;-at小地方,-in大地方assess[ases]v.评价,评定性质,质量assessment[asesmant]n.看法,评价assist[Jsst]v.帮助,协助assistance[asstans]n.帮助援助,支持assistantLasstant]n.助手,助理associate[asaojeit]v.联想,联系association[asaosIetK^n]n.协会,社团,联系assume[Jsju:m;USsu:ni]v.假定,假设assumption[^sAmpjXan]n.假定,假设attract[Jtrkt]v.吸引,引起attraction[Jtrakjsn]n.吸引,爱慕attractive[Jtraktw]a.迷人的,有吸引力的Bbadworseworst[bad]a.坏的;有害的,严重的badly[b岔didad.坏,恶劣地bath[ba e;USb纪0]n.洗澡;浴室;澡盆bathe[be6]vi.洗澡;游泳beautiful[*bju:tfa1]a.美,美丽,美观的beauty[bju:ti]n.美丽,美人behave[bihev]v.守规矩,行为behaviour/bihejvjar/n.行为举止beneficial[benififo1]a.有利的,有帮助的有用的benefit[benfit]n./v.优势,益处,使…受益bored/bord/a.对人,事厌倦的,烦闷的boring/bori]/a.乏味的,无聊的brave[brev]a.勇敢的bravery[breivari]n.勇气breath[bre0]n.气息;呼吸breathe[bri6]vi.呼吸breathless[bre01e]a.气喘吁吁的,上气不接下气的buildbuiltbuilt[bild]v.建筑;造building[bildij]n.建筑物;房屋;大楼Ccare[kear]n.照料保护;小心v.介意在乎careful[keafol]a.小心,仔细,谨慎的careless[kealb]a.粗心的,漫不经心的cautionn.谨慎,小心,警告cautious「ko:后s]a.小心的,谨慎的celebrate[seibreit]v.庆祝celebration[sein.庆祝;庆祝会entre中心central中心的certain[1s3tan]a.确定的无疑的;一定会certainly「S3tonldad.当然;一定,无疑challenge[nddn.挑战性challenging[1changeable[tjend^ba1]a.易变的变化无常的change[tjendsln.零钱;找头v.改变,变化;更换;cheer[tjbr]n.vi.欢呼;喝彩Cheerup[tjbr-Ap]振作起来!提起精神!cheerful[tjbfol]a.兴高采烈的,快活的cheers[tjbr]int.干杯,口谢谢,再见chemical[kemka1]a.化学的n.化学品chemist[keniBt]n.药剂师;化学家chemistry[kemEtri]n.化学child复children[t£ild]n.孩子儿童childhood[t^ildhod]n.幼年时代,童年civil[Lm⑸1]a.国内的;平民非军人的;民用的civilian[sivilon]n平民,老百姓civilization[swiladzeiKan;n.文明clean[kli n]vt.弄干净,擦干净a.清洁的,干净的cleaner[kli ner]n.清洁工.,清洁器・清洁剂clear[kler]a.清晰;明亮的;清楚的clearly[!kld1f]ad.清楚地,无疑地cloud[•klaodi]]n.云;云状物;阴影cloudy[•klaodi]a.多云的,阴天的comfort[k/jnfat]n.安慰;慰问comfortable[『Amfstsbs1;USkAmfsrtsbl]a.舒服的;安逸的;舒服自在的commit[kJmit]v.犯罪,错,自杀commitment[ka^iitmant]n.承诺,允诺,承担communicate[kshju nkeil]v.交际;传达感情信息等communication[kamju^ikejKan]n.交际通讯compete[kompi1]vi.比赛,竞赛competence[kompatans]n.能力,胜任,管辖权competition[kompatn]n.比赛,竞赛competitor[ksmtetitar]n.竞赛者,比赛者concludeEkanlklu:d]v.完成结束conclusion[kenklu3sn]n.结论;结束consider[kansdoCr]vt.考虑considerate[kan!sriarat]a.体贝占的consideration[ksnsdJre£on]n.考虑;关心conveniencen.convenientadj.方便的construct[kenstrAkt]v.构筑;建造,建设construction[kanLtrAkJtsn]n.建造,建设,建筑物disappoint[dEatont]vt.使失望bedisappointedat感到失望的disappointing令人失望的disappointment[dEapontmGnt]n.失望;沮丧discover[diskAveCr]vt.发现discovery[diskAvari]n.发现discuss[ds『as]vt.讨论,议论discussion[dsRaKon]n.讨论,辩论distance[dEtans]n.品巨离distantPdstant]a.远的,遥远的Eeasy[i zi]a.容易的,不费力的easily[i ziLi]ad.容易地east[i st]a.东方;东部的;朝东的;ad.在东方;eastern[1i:stan]a.东方的;东部的educate[edjokeit]vt.教育,培养educatorfedju:keit9r]n.教育家education[edjokeiK^n]n.教育,培养engine[endgn]n.发动机引擎engineer[end3inDr]n.工程师;技师enjoy[ndgoi]vt.欣赏;享受乐趣;喜欢enjoyable[nHsoebSl]a.愉快的;有趣的equal[i kwa1]a.平等的vt.等于,使等于equality[iJkwolati]n.平等equip[i!kwp]vt.提供设备;装备;配备equipment[Ikwpmant]n.装备,设备exact[z岔kt]a.精确的;确切的exactly[ex,act•ly]ad.精确地;确切地exist[gzbt]vi.存在existence[gZEtans]n.存在;生存;存在物explain[ksplen]vt.解释说明explanation[eksplJnejSn]n.解释,说明express[kspres]vt.表达;表情n.快车,特快专递expression[kLpreJ⑸n]n.表达;词句;表情extreme[kbtrih]a.极其的,非常的extremely[kLtrihldad.极其,非常Ffail[fell]v.失败;不及格;衰退failure[felljar]n.失败fair[fear]a.公平的,合理的a.肤色白皙的;人白肤金发的n.集市;庙会;展览会fairly[feeli]ad.公正地,正当地;相当程度地fairness[fsanis]n.公平;公正firm[f3m]n.公司;企业a.坚固的,坚定的firmly[心加]ad.牢牢地fluency[fluansi]n.外语流利,流畅fluent[fluent]a.外语流利的,流畅fool[fu l]n.傻子,蠢人foolish[a.愚蠢的,傻的foreign[foran;USfo rn]a.外国的foreigner[foranaCr]n.夕卜国人forget[falrevar]forgotforgottenv.忘t己;忘掉forgetful[fagetfol]a.健忘的,不留心的fortunateUfat心net]a.幸运的;侥幸的fortune[fo:tju:nn.财产;运气free[fri]a.自由,空闲的;免费的freedom「fridsm]n.自由friend[frend]n.朋友friendly[frendli]a.友好的friendship[*frendjp]n友谊,友情Ggift[gft]n.赠品;礼物giftedEgftri]a.有天赋的;有才华的growgrewgrown[grao]v.生长;发育;种植;变成growth[grau0]n.生长,增长guidance[gallons]n.弓I导指导guide[gad]n.向导,导游者HhappyJh岔pi]a.幸福;快乐的高兴的happilyfhsepdi]ad.幸福地,快乐地happiness[h史pnb]n.幸福,愉快hard[ha:d]ad.努力地;使劲;猛烈地a.硬的;困难的;艰难的hardly「ha:dli]ad.几乎不hardship[ha^Jp]n.困难harm[ha:m]n.v.伤害;损伤harmful[ha^fol]a.有害的;致伤的harmless[kcrnilb]a.无害的;不致伤的health[hel9]n.健康,卫生healthy[hel6i]a.健康的,健壮的heavy[kevda.重的heavily[hevili]ad.重地,大量地help[help]n.vt.帮助,帮忙helpful[helpful]a.有帮助的,有益的hope[hoop]n.v.希望hopeful[haopfol]a.有希望的;有前途的hopelessa.没有希望,不可救药的humorous[hju marss]a.富于幽默的humour美humorhju:ma]n.幽默幽默感hungerPhAggor]n.饥饿hungry[hAijgrila.饥饿的
1.ill[i]a.有病的;不健康的illnessUilns]n.疾病
1.importance[mbo tens]n.重要性important[mpatent]a.重耍的imaginevt.想象imaginaryadj.想象的imaginationn.想象impossible[mtosba1]a.不可能的possible可能的impress[mpres]vt.留下极深的印象impression[mbrejTsn]n.印象,感觉improve改善,提高improvementindependent独立的independenceinstruct[nstrAkt]vt.通知;指示;教instruction[nstrAjCan]n.说明须知;教导interest[ntrast]n.兴趣,趣味;利息interesting[ntratij]a.有趣的interested感兴趣的intelligence智力,intelligent聪明的introduce[ntr—dju s;US-du s]vt.介绍introduction[ntrJdAkJtsn]n.引进,介绍invent[nvent]vt.发明,创造invention[n^enjtan]n.发明创造invitation[nviteiK^n]n.邀请请帖invite[nvait]vt.邀请,招待Jjudge[dsAdsJn.裁判;审判员;法官vt.判断,断定judgement「dad3113nt]n.裁判juice[dsu s]n.汁、液juicy[d3u si]a.多汁的;水分多的kind[kand]n种;类a.善良,友好的1史st]a.最近刚过去;最后的ad.最近刚过去;最后地n.最后v.持续latest[leitBt]a.最近,最新的;最晚的latter「1比ts(r)]n.(两者之中的)后者lazy懒惰的lazily懒惰地lazinessn.懒惰laughn.v.笑,大笑;嘲笑laughter[la:ft9r;USIseftar]n.笑;笑声learnlearntlearnt;--ed--ed[13n]vt.学,学习,学会learned「13nd]a.有才华的;博学的live[In]vi.生活;居住;活着a.活的,活着的;实况,现场(直播)的livelya.活泼的;充满生气的livingPlMi]]a.活着的n.生计legal合法的illegal违法的loud[laud]a.大声的loudly[laodli]ad.大声地love[Iav]n.vt.爱;热爱;很喜欢lovely[IavIi]a.美好的,可爱的luck[L\k]n.运气,好运lucky[lAia.运气好,侥幸Mmarriage[卜岔rdg]n.结婚,婚姻married[mserri]a.已婚的marry[h纪rdv.使成婚,结婚memory[memari]n.回‘忆t己T乙memorize[memaraz]v.记忆mental[*menta1]a.精神的;脑力的mentally[mentali]ad.精神上;智力上merciful[manful]a.仁慈的;宽大的mercy[%3s]n.怜悯mess[mes]n.凌舌Lmessy[MesRa.乱七八糟的mistakemistookmistaken[ire!tek]n.错误vt.弄错mistaken[mstekan]a.错误的mix[mks]v.混合,搅拌mixture[lmkst^r]n.混合物move[mu v]v.移动,搬动,搬家movement[mu^mant]n.运动,活动modernmodernization现代化Nnature[neit^r]n.自然,性质,种类natural[h纪al]a.自然的nation国家national国家的nationality国籍near[ner]a.近的ad.附近邻近prep.在附近,靠近nearby[nobai]a.附近的nearly[nd1i]ad.将近,几乎necessary必需的necessarily必需土也necessityn.必需品nine[nan]num.九ninth[nan9]num.第九noise[noz]n.声音,噪声,喧闹声noisilyfnoEili]ad.喧闹地noisy[ho2口a.喧闹的,嘈杂的normal[hdm
(3)l]n.a.正常的(状态)north[no0]a.北的;朝北的;从北来的ad.向(在,从)北方n.北;北方;北部northern[n9d(a)n]a.北方的北部的northwards[no0wodz]ad.向W匕novel[nov(a)1]n.(长篇)小说novelist[novalEt]n.小说家nurse[n3s]n.护士;保育员nursery[ns^ari]n.托儿所nursing[n3sij]n.(职业性的)保育,护理0operate[bpareit]v.做手术,运转;实施,负责,经营,管理operation[opateiK^)n]n.手术,操作operator[bpareitaCr)]n.接线员oppose[apaoz]vt.反对;反抗opposite[bpazit]n.相反,对面a.相反的,对面的organizefo:gonaiz]vt.组织organiser(organizer)Vo:ganaiza]n.组织者organization[:ganadzeiKs)n]n.组织,机构Ppain[pen]n.疼痛,疼painful[penfol]a.使痛的,使痛苦的paint[pent]n.油漆vt.油漆粉刷,绘画painter[pentaCr)]n.绘画者,(油)画家painting[pentij]n.油画,水彩画part[pa:t]n.部分;成分partly[pa:tli]ad.部分地在一定程度上patiencen.容忍;耐心patient[be£ant]n.病人,耐心的peace[pi s]n.和平peaceful[pi sfol]a.和平的,安宁的performv.表演,履行;行动performance[paAm]n.演出,表演performer[p4f0mar]n.表演者,执行者person[p3san]n.人personal[1p3s0na1]a.个人的,私人的personnel[p3sshel]n.全体人员,职员personally[pa^anali]ad.就自己而言physical[!fEka1]a.身体的;物理的physician[fIziK^n]n.有行医执照的医生physicist[ESEt]n.物理学家physics[!fzks]n.物理学pleasant[plezant]a.令人愉快的舒适的please[pli z]v.请,使人高兴,使人满意pleased[pli zd]a.高兴的pleasure[pli:zd]n.高兴,愉快poem[paom]n.诗poet[pauit]n.诗人poison[poEan]n.毒药poisonous[pozanas]a.有毒的,致命的pollute[pslu:t]vt.污染pollution[pallu:J3n]n.污染possess[paziK^n]vt.占有;拥有possession[pJzejDn]n.所有拥有;财产所有物possibility[posibiiti]vn.可能,可能性possible[posb81]a.可能的power[lpaodar]n.力,动力,电力powerful[paoafol]a效力大的,强有力的,强大的practical[*prsektka1]a.实际的,适用的practicese[trsekte]n.练习prefer[prif3r]vt宁愿选择,更喜欢preference[prefarans]n.选择,趋向preparation[prepareiKan]n.准备prepare[pripear]vt.准备预备调制配制press[prezriant]vt.压,按n.新闻界,出版社pressure[pre^r]n.压迫,压力,压强probable[probabCa1]a.很可能很有希望的probably[probaba1f]ad.很可能,大概produce[prJdju s;US-du:s]vt.生产;制造product[prodAkt]n.产品制品production[pradAkjtan]n.生产;制造pronounce[pranaons]vt.发音pronunciation[pranAnsieiK^n]n.发音proper[propaCr]a.恰当的,合适的properly[propali]ad.适当士也protect[pratekt]vt.保护protection[prJtek£sn]n.保护proud[praod]a.自豪的;骄傲的pride[prari]n.自豪,骄傲puzzle[paza1]n.难题,字、画谜puzzled[*paza1]a.迷惑的,困惑的Rrain[ren]n.雨,雨水vi.下雨rainy[teni]a.下雨的;多雨的real[ri:l]a.真实的,确实的reality[riteliti]n.现实realise美realize[rdIhe]vt.认识到,实现reallyv[!r©1i]ad.真正地;到底;确实reason[ri zen]vi评理,劝说n.理由,原因reasonable「ri zsnebe1]a.合乎情理的refusal[ri!fju za1]n.拒绝refuse[ri!fju z]vi.拒绝不愿relate[rileit]vi.有关;涉及relation[rileiK^n]n.关系;亲属relationship[rilei^njp]n.关系relative「reletm]n.亲属,亲戚rely[rilai]v.依赖,依靠reliable[rilaebs1]a.可信赖的可依靠的religion[ri11risen]n.宗教religious[ri11rises]a.宗教的require[rIkwaeCr]vt.需求;要求requirement[ri^waDmant]n.需要;要求;必要的条件reservation[rezaveiftan]n.预定reserve[riz3v]n.v.储备;预定Ssad[ssed]a.使人悲伤的sadness「s岔dns]n.悲哀,忧伤safe[sef]a.安全的n.保险柜safety[sefti]n.安全,保险sail[sei]n.航行v.航行,开航sailingEseii]]n.航海sailor[lseilar]n水手海员salt[so ltsolt]n.盐salty[so:ltisolti]a.盐的,咸的,含盐的scene[sm]n.(戏剧、电影等的)一场,场景,布景scenery[si^ari]n.风景,景色,风光science[saens]n.科学,自然科学scientific[saen!tifk]a.科学的scientist[saentEt]n.科学家secure[sikjoar]a.安心的有把握的牢靠的security[sikjuariti]n.安全平安serve[s3v]vt.招待顾客等,服务service[s3vb]n.月艮务settle[seta1]vi.安家定居settlement[setalmant]n.新拓居地;美部落,村落settler[setlar]n.移居者,开拓者sick[sk]a.有病,患病的,想呕吐sickness[skns]n.疾病silence[sailans]n.安静,沉默silentsailant]a.无声的,无对话的simple[!smpa1]a.简单的,简易的simplify[!smplfai]v使简化,使简易simply[*smpli]ad.简单地加强语气的确skill[ski:]n.技能,技巧skilled[ski]a.熟练的;有技能的skillful[skilfal]a.熟练,精湛的,灵巧的skillfullyDskilfuli]ad.精湛地,巧妙地sleep[sli p]n.睡觉sleepsleptslept[sli:p]vi.睡觉sleepy[sli:p]a.想睡的,困倦的,瞌睡的smellsmeltsmelt或-ed-ed[smel]v.嗅,闻到;发气味n.气味smellyfsmeli]a.有臭味的,发出臭味的smoke[smai]n.烟v.冒烟;吸烟smoker[smookaCr]n.吸烟者smoking[smeokij]n.吸烟,抽烟;冒烟snow[snau]n.雪vi.下雪snowy[snaoi]a.雪白的;下雪的;多积雪的social社会的;社交的socialism[sao^leem]n.社会主义socialist[sau^lFt]a.社会主义的society[sasaDti]n.社会spirit[spritln.精神spiritual[spiritjj91]a.精神的;心灵的strength[streq9]n.力量,力气strengthen[streq9an]vt.加强,增强strong[stroij;USstro:g]a.强壮的;坚固的;强烈的;坚强的succeed[sskLi:d]vi.成功success[sskLes]n.成功successful[soksesfol]a.成功的,有成就的suffer[sAfaCr]vi.受苦,遭受suffering[sAfari]]n.痛苦,苦难suggest[sadsest;USsagHgest]vt.建议,提议suggestion[s3Hsestjtsn]n.建议sun[saq]n.太阳,阳光sunny[saqi]a.晴朗的;阳光充足的surround[saraond]vt.围绕;包围surrounding[saraondi]]a.周围的survival[savaya1]n.存^舌幸存survive[savaiv]v.生存,存活幸免于难Ttechnical[teknkCa1]a.技术的,工艺的technique[teknk01]n.技术;技巧,方法technology[teknoladsi]n.技术thank[叼k]vt.感谢,致谢,道谢n.复感谢,谢意thankful[10seqkfol]a.感谢的,感激的theoretical[0pretkCa1]a.理论的theory[0©1retka1]n.理论thirst[03d]n.渴;口渴thirsty[103sti]a.渴tire[!taDr]vi.使疲劳tired[taed]a.疲劳的,累的tiresomea.令人厌倦的totalPtsst3l]a.总数的;总括的;完全的,全然的n.合计,总计v.合计为totally[totaIf]ad.总合地完全地tour[toar]n.参观,观光,旅行tourism[to^rzam]n.旅游业;观光tourist[toarBt]vn.旅行者,观光者tradition[tradiKan]n.传统,风俗traditional[trJd£sn]a.传统的,风俗的train[tren]n.火车v.培训训练trainer[treinaCr]n.训练人;教练training[trenij]n.培训translate[trsensleit]vt.翻译translation[trsensle{fan]n.翻译;译文translator[trsens,leita]n.翻译家,译者travel[trseva1]n.vi.旅行traveler「tr纪vslar]n.旅行者treat[tri:t]vt.对待,看待treatment[tri^mant]n.治疗,疗法trouble[trAba1]vt.使苦恼,使忧虑,使麻烦n.问题,疾病,烦恼,麻烦troublesome[tr/baIsom]a.令人烦恼,讨厌true[tru:]a.真的,真实的;忠诚的truly[tru:li]ad.真正地,真实地truth[tru0]n.真理,事实,真相,实际type「tap]vt.打字typist[!tapEt]n.打字员u-vunfortunate[ahfaold]a.不幸的unfortunately[ahf^tjonatli]ad.不幸地use[ju z]n.vt.利用使用应用usefulJju sful]a.有用的有益的useless[!ju sle]a.无用的user[ju za]n.使用者;用户usual「juasl]a.通常的,平常的usually「juslilad.通常,经常valuableE*v«ljoaba1]a.值钱的,贵重的value[v^elju:]n.价值,益处V-Wvariety[vataDti]n.种种,种类various[veards]a.各种各样的,不同的violence[!vaelans]n.暴力行为violent[vaBlent]a.暴力的violin[vae11n]n.小提琴violinist[vaelnEt]n.提琴家,提琴手visit「vi zs]n.vt.参观访问,拜访visitor[vEit0r]n.访问者,参观者wait[weit]vi.等等由英waiter[weitar]n.餐厅男服务员waitress[tres]n.女服务员warm[wo m]a.暖和的温暖的;热情的warmth[wo m9]n.暖和,温暖weak[wi:k]a.差的,弱的,淡的weakness[bilknb]n.软弱wealth[wel0]n.财产,财富wealthy[\vel0i]a.富的week[wi:k]n.星期,周weekday[\vi kdei]n.平日weekend[wi:kend\vi kend]n.周末weeklya.每周的weigh[wei]vt.称…的重量,重若干weight[weit]n.重,重量wind[wnd]n.风windy[bndila.有风的,多风的wisdom[wEdam]n.智慧wise[wa^]a.聪明,英明的,有见识的wonder[kvAndsr]v.对…疑惑,感到惊奇想知道n.惊讶,惊叹;奇迹wonderful[wAndafol]a.美妙的,精彩的;了不起的;太好了wood[\VAndafol]n.木头,木材,复树木,森林wooden[budan]a.木制的woo[wol]1n.羊毛,羊绒woollenfwulin]a.羊毛的,羊毛制的work[w3k]n.工作,劳动,事情vi.工作;机器、器官等运转,活动workdayVwa:kdei]n.工作日worker[b3kor]n.工人;工作者workforcefwa:kfo:s]n.劳动力workmatefwa:kfo:s]n.同事;工友workplace[w3kples]n.工作场所车间works[w3ks]n.著作,作品worried「w3rli/waTa.担心的,烦恼的worry[Wi]n.v.烦恼,担忧,发怒,困扰
4.表示“人”的后缀在某些形容词、名词或动词后面加后缀变成具有某种职业或动作的人常见的表示“人”的后缀有:
5.动词、名词变形容词的常见后缀worth[wa0]a.有…的价值,值得…的worthless[W01e]a.没有价值,没有用的worthwhile[w30bail]a.值得做的worthy[w30bail]a.值得的题组一基础过关
一、单句语法填空MyEnglishimprovedalot;moreimportantlyIgainedmuchconfident.Smokingduringpregnancydangeryourbabyslife.Itwasafogcoldmorningwhenhesetofffortheremotevillage.Peoplecertainlyhaveavarietyofreasonsforgoingbacktoschoolbutoneimportantthingtoknowisnoknowledgeisuse.Theprotectandimprovementofthehumanenvironmentisamajorissuewhichaffectsallthepeopleandeconomicdevelopmentthroughouttheworld.Themeetingsupposedtobesuccessturnedouttobeafailureintheend.Customsofficialscoveraplottosmuggleweaponsintothecountry.Annwillberememberedforherabilityandherwarm.Thecoolingwindsweptthroughourbedroomwindowsmakingairconditioningnecessary.Ithasahighlyregularshapecoveredwithbumpsandindentations.Itislegaltoselltobaccotosomeoneunder
16.Extracurricularactivitiesablethestudentstoknowhowtoapplytheknowledgelearnedinthetextbooks.Youcanrelyonhimbecauseheisquiterely.Peopleonwelfarearewronglyseenaslazyorhonest.Youmayfindtoyouramazethatthereismorekindnessinyourcommunitythanyoueverbelievepossible.Icannotcontrolmybodywell.Mylegsbecomepain.LatelastyeartheThompsonstookpartinatelevisiondocumentary终己录片toprovethatnotallgiftedchildrenaretheresultofextremelyambitionparents.UnderherencourageIwouldspendhoursburyingmyselfinnovelsevenifmyfriendsjustlaughedatme.ThegrownumberofChinesetouriststravelingtoSpainhasinrecentyearsofferedopportunitiesforlocalcompanies.Chinahasonceagainshoweditsabilitytochangetheworldwithits“newfourgreatinvent”.IfirmbelievedIcouldlearnlotsofwordsphrasestranslationskillsnewsstoriesandevenamazingknowledgebyreadingit.InmostdevelopcountrieslikeAmericaandtheGreatBritainteachingisaprofession.lucknativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon,tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.Beinghappyislikeaninfectiousdisease.Itcausespeopletostayawayfromthesufferer.Shecarriedherleftarmatanawkwardangleasifitwerecausinghercomfort.Itwasextremedifficulttobuildsuchawallintheancientdayswithoutanymodernmachines.Yourideasareveryinterestingbutweneedpracticesuggestionstogetusoutoftrouble.Trytounderstandwhatsactuallyhappeninginsteadofactingontheassumeyouvemade.Alicethesalesmanagerofthecompanyisdoingacoursetosharpherbusinessskills.Atelevisionseriesisfastgainingitsword-of-mouthpopularamongnotonlyChinesehouseholdsbutalsosomeforeigners.
二、单句改错Theteachersinourschoolareallkindandhelpfully.Thatlittleactofkindmadeeveryonewhosawitfeelgood一butitmademefeelthebestofall!AsfarasIamconcernedmysuggestisthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishdictionarywit.hineasyroach.Ifyoudeepyourknowledgeorunderstandingofasubjectyouwilllearnmoreaboutitandbecomemoreinterestedinit.Alotofpeoplebecamehomelyowingtotheterribleearthquake.Thegoodworkingconditionsinthiscompanyareattract.Tryyourbesttomemorythesenewwords.MyclosefriendJackunderstoodmewhichmademeupset.Idon,tthinkitareasonpracticeforthemtobehavethatwayinoursociety.AfterwaitingforabouthalfanhourIwasbeginningtogetimpatiently.UnfortunateIwon,tbeabletomeetyouattheairportbecauseIhaveclassesintheafternoon.Ifyoufeelnervousorstresstrytodosomerelaxationexerciseslikedeepbreathing.Shefoundsomeonewasfollowinghersoshefeltveryfrightening.Itisourbelieftofurtherexpandmarketsandbesatisfiedwithexistingachievements.Whatmakesqigongspecialisthatitcanbedonelyingsittingorstanding;thusitisaccesstodisabledpersonsseniorsandpeoplerecoveringfrominjuries.题组二能力提升单句语法填空2020•安徽省黄山市屯溪第一中学高三月考Thosewhoatesevenouncesormoreofredorprocessedmeatdaily一orgotthemajoroftheirproteinfrommeat一hada23percenthigherriskofprematuredeathaccordingtoScienceDaily.2020•安徽省六校教育研究会高三第一次素质测试Checkoutcourseandprogramdescribereviewsofprofessorsandsitinonsomeclassesifyoureabletovisitcampus.2020•湖北省孝感市第一中学高三年级月考Theyaccidentfoundoutthatsoildoesnotonlyattractfatitcouldalsostopfatfrombeingabsorbedintothebodyandroundthedigestivesystem.2020•湖南师范大学附属中学高三摸底考试Somusicwasn,treallyentertainbutameansformusicianstoaccomplishpoliticalandsocialgoals.(2020•天一大联考皖豫联盟体高三上学期第一次考试)Theevolutioniswhathasledtothepresent(appear)ofthekiwibird.(2020•广西柳州市高三上学期摸底考试)Peoplewhohavebreakfastaremorelikelytolose(weigh)thanthosewhodon,teatamorningmeal.(2019•深圳耀华实验学校月考)Lifeisjustablankcloth一youcanpaintabeautifulsceneoryoucanpaintblackghosts(鬼)and(danger)people.(2019•山西大学附中高三模块诊断)Howwouldyoufeelifyouwokeupandfoundyourentirecomputer*scontents一includingyourphotosyourrecentdocuments一nolonger(access)Thecollegeyearsaresupposedtobeatimeforimportant(grow)inautonomy(自主性)andthedevelopmentofadultidentity.AsavolunteerofenvironmentalprotectionIamwritingtoraiseyour(aware)ofprotectingtheenvironment.题组三体验真题(2020年新课标卷II♦语法填空)ChineseNewYearisa61(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.(2020年新课标卷HI•语法填空)Filledwith64(curious)theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.(2020年山东新高考•语法填空)Inthe18thand19theenturies36(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplantshistoricalobjectsandworksofart.(2020年山东新高考•语法填空)Historical44(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.(2019年新课标卷II•语法填空)Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.Its70(wonder).(2019年新课标卷III•语法填空)Whentheywerefreefromworktheyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting66(compete)towatchtogetherwiththestorybehindit.(2019年新课标卷I•语法填空)Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62(poor)studied;howeverbiologistscalculatethatthereareabout20000-25000polarbearsworldwide.(2018年新课标卷TT♦语法填空)Thisswitchhasdecreased66(pollute)inthecountrysmajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.(2018年新课标卷II•语法填空)AccordingtotheWorldBankChinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal67(globe)fertilizerconsumption.(2018年浙江卷♦语法填空)Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe62affordbutdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven_higherhighcostonyourhealth.Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein64weighproblems.题组一基础过关
一、单句语法填空.【答案】confidence【解析】句意我的英语提高了许多;更重要的是,我的自信心增强了不少句中的much为限定词,后应接名词,作宾语根据派生法规则,confident的名词形式为confidence.【答案】willendanger【解析】句意孕期抽烟会危及胎儿生命句中所填词应为谓语动词,意为“危及”;根据派生词构词法规则,可在名词前加前缀en-转化为相应意义的动词,即endanger;另外,本句表示叙述在某种情况下有可能发生的事应用情态动词will故填willendangero.【答案】foggy【解析】句意在一个寒冷的起雾的上午,他向那个遥远的村庄进发了句中所填词修饰morning作定语根据派生法规则,fog的形容词形式为foggy.【答案】useless【解析】句意对于重返学校,人们当然有各种理由,但是有一点需要知道的重要的事是,知识是有用的所填词涉及否定意义的后缀名词+-less构成形容词所填词作系动词is的表语,且根据语境,此处应填表示否定意义的形容词,构成双重否定useless“无用的”.【答案】protection【解析】句意人类环境的保护和改善是一个影响全世界人民和经济发展的大问题根据andimprovement可知,所填词为protect的名词形式根据派生法规则,在protect后加后缀-ion变为名词.【答案】successful【解析】句意那场本应该成功的会议最终被证明是失败的所填词作be的表语,应填形容词根据派生法规则在success后加后缀-fuL构成形容词.【答案】uncovered【解析】句意海关官员发现了一个走私武器入境的阴谋句中所填词应为谓语动词,根据后面的宾语aplot可知,此处应表示“发现,揭露”;根据派生词构词法规则,在动词前加前缀un-转化为相反意义的动词,故填uncoveredo.【答案】warmth【解析】句意安因为她的能力和热情友好,将被铭记所填词位于形容词性物主代词her之后,应填名词根据派生法规则可知warm的名词形式,即在词尾加后缀-th.【答案】unnecessary【解析】句意凉爽的风吹过卧室的窗户,使得空调都没有必要了所填词在句中作宾语补足语,应填形容词,根据语境可知,此处表示“没有必要的”;根据派生词构词法的规则,可在形容词前加表示“没有,不”的前缀un-故填unnecessary意为“没有必要的”.【答案】irregular【解析】句意它的外形极不规则,满是凸块和凹陷句中为形容词作定语,修饰名词shape根据后面的过去分词短语可知,所填词表示“不规则的”;根据派生词构词法规则,在形容词前加前缀ir-转化为相反意义的形容词,故填iiregular.【答案】illegal【解析】句意出售烟草给16岁以下者是非法的所填词在句中作表语,且根据“tosomeoneunder16”可知,此处表示“非法的”根据派生法规则,应加前缀il-.【答案】enable【解析】句意课外活动可以使学生们知道怎样运用在课本上学到的知识所填词在句中作谓语动词,根据派生法规则,able的动词形式需要在词首加前缀en-即可,enable意为“使……能够”.【答案】reliable【解析】所填词用在系动词is后,作表语,根据句中的“relyonhim”可知,所填词表示“值得信赖的”,根据派生法规则,rely的形容词形式需要将字母y改为i再加后缀-able.【答案】dishonest【解析】句意靠福利救济的人被误认为懒惰或不诚实根据语境可知,应填形容词,并表示否定意义,即“不诚实的”;根据派生法规则,只需在词首加前缀dis-.【答案】amazement【解析】句意你可能会惊奇地发现,在你的社区,洋溢着难以置信的友爱所填词位于your之后,应用名词形式;根据派生法规则,只需在词尾加后缀-ment即可变为名词.【答案】painful【解析】句意我无法很好地掌控我的身体我的双腿变得疼痛所填词位于连系动词之后,应用形容词作表语;根据派生法规则,只需在词尾加后缀-ful即可构成painful“疼痛的”.【答案】ambitious【解析】根据空格位置,后面是名词parents应该使用形容词作定语,故填ambitious.【答案】encouragement【解析】句意在她的鼓励下我总会花几个小时埋头看小说,即使朋友们嘲笑我这里需用名词,指的是“在她的鼓励下O.【答案】growing【解析】该空格处后面的词“number”是名词,名词受形容词修饰限制,grow为动词,动词转化为形容词时,常用匕-ing表示主动进行,匕-ed表示被动完成此处表示大量中国游客去西班牙旅行,这个数量一直在增长中,表示进行,故答案为growing.【答案】inventions【解析】句意中国用“新四大发明”再次展示了改变世界的能力前面有形容词性物主代词修饰,且作介词的宾语,故这里用名词形式invention且为可数名词,故用复数形式.【答案】firmly【解析】空格后的believed为动词,动词受副词修饰,故答案为firmly.【答案】developed【解析】句意在美国和英国等发达国家中,教书是一种专一业develop的形容词变体有developing发展中的”和developed“发达的”两种形式,句中修饰美国和英国,故答案应为developed.【答案】Luckily【解析】句意庆幸的是,英语为母语者能够彼此理解,即使他们不讲同一种类的英语所填词修饰整个句子,因此使用副词,故答案为Luckily.【答案】unhappy【解析】句意不快乐就像传染病一样,会使得人们对于不快乐的人退避三舍根据此空后面的“likeaninfectiousdisease(像一个传染病一样)”可知,此处应该使用happy的反义词,故填unhappy.【答案】discomfort【解析】句意她的左胳膊很不自然地抬着,好像它让她不舒服似的设空处前有形容词性物主代词修饰,所以用名词由句意可知用discomfort“不舒服”.【答案】extremely【解析】此空并不是系动词was后的表语,作表语的是difficult空格处所填词修饰difficult故填副词.【答案】practical【解析】此处表示“可是我们需要切实可行的建议帮我们脱离困境”故用practice的形容词形式practicalo.【答案】assumption【解析】句意试着去理解实际发生的事情,而不是按照你所做的假设行事前面是定冠词the后面跟名词形式,故填assumptiono.【答案】sharpen【解析】句意这家公司的销售经理Alice正在学习一门课程来提高她的业务技能sharpen”加强,提高”,不定式在此作目的状语.【答案】popularity【解析】根据空格位置,前面有形容词性物主代词its和word-of-mouth后面应该为名词popular为形容词,它的名词变化为后面加-ity故填popularity
二、单句改错.【答案】helpfully-helpful【解析】本句中,系动词are后应接形容词作表语由派生法规则可知,-ful可作形容词的后缀,而-ly为副词的后缀故将helpfully改为helpfulo.【答案】kindfkindness【解析】本句中,介词f后应该接名词;根据派生法规则,在形容词后加后缀-ness可变为相应意义的名词,故将kind改为kindnessactofkindness意为“善举”.【答案】suggestfsuggestion【解析】本句中,系动词is前的名词短语作主语,且my后应接名词;根据派生法规则,在动词后加后缀-ion可变为相应意义的名词,故将suggest改为suggestion.【答案】deepfdeepen【解析】本句中,从句中应用实义动词作谓语;根据派生法规则,在形容词后加后缀-en可变为相应意义的动词故将deep改为deepen.【答案】homely-*^homeless【解析】本句中,became为连系动词,后应接形容词作表语,且根据语境可知,此处应接表示否定意义的形容词;根据派生法规则,在名词后加后缀-less可变为表示否定意义的形容词故将homely改为homeless
6.【答案】attract^attractive【解析】本句中,应用形容词作are的表语,描述该公司的工作条件吸引人;根据派生法规则,在动词后加后缀-ive可变为相应意义的形容词故将attract改为attractive.【答案】memoryfmemorize【解析】本句中,to是动词不定式符号,后接动词原形,构成不定式短语,表示目的;根据派生法规则,-ize可作为动词的后缀以y结尾的,去掉y再加-ize故将memory改为memorize.答案understood-misunderstood【解析】根据句中的非限制性定语从句可知,“我”很伤感的原因是朋友误会了“我”根据派生法规则,在动词前加前缀mis-可变为表示相反意义的词故将understood改为misunderstoodo.【答案】reason-treasonable【解析】本句中,修饰名词practice应用形容词作定语根据派生法规则,在名词后加后缀-able可变为相应意义的形容词故将reason改为reasonable.【答案】impatientlyfimpatient【解析】句意等了半个小时后我开始变得不耐烦了get为系动词,后接形容词,故将构成副词的后缀-ly去掉.【答案】Unfortunate^Unfortunately【解析】位于句首修饰整个句子应用副词.【答案】stress^stressed【解析】句意如果你感到紧张或有压力,试着做一些放松练习,比如深呼吸stressed意为“感到有压力的”.【答案】frightening-frightened【解析】句意她发现有人在尾随她,所以她感到非常害怕描述人的心理感受应该用-ed结尾的形容词
14.【答案】satisfied-*^dissatisfied【解析】句意进一步开拓市场,不满足于现有成绩是我们的信念根据上文“开拓市场”,说明“不满足于现有成绩”.【答案】access-accessible【解析】句意气功的特殊之处在于它可以躺着、坐着或站着去做所以残疾人、老年人和伤后恢复的人都可以做系动词is之后应用形容词作表语,故将access改为形容词accessible其意为“易接近的;容易理解的”题组二能力提升单句语法填空.【答案】majority【解析】该空格前有the后有介词of因此需用名词形式majority.【答案】descriptions【解析】句意查看课程和项目描述,教授的评论,如果你能参观校园,可以旁听一些课程结合句意可知此处应用名词,description可作可数名词,前面没有限定词,故用复数形式故答案为descriptions
3.【答案】accidentally【解析】分析句子可知,修饰动词foundout”应用副词,故填accidentally.【答案】entertainment【解析】空格处对应后面的ameansv应填名词形式,故填entertainment.【答案】appearance【解析】此处表示“外观”,present在句中为形容词,因此空格处应填名词形式.【答案】weight【解析】loseweight固定短语,“减肥”,故填weight.【答案】dangerous【解析】修饰后面的名词people使用形容词作定语,指危险的人们.答案accessible【解析】此处是“find+sb./sth.+a办”结构,意为“发现某人(物)……”形容词作宾语补足语所以填accessibleo.【答案】growth【解析】前面有形容词important修饰,此处应填名词growth和后面的development构成并列关系.【答案】awareness【解析】在形容词性物主代词your后面,用名词形式句意作为环保志愿者,我书面倡议大家提高环保意识题组三体验真题.
61.【答案】celebration【解析】考查名词根据空白处之前的a和后面的非谓语动词marking可知此处应填名词celebration.
64.【答案】curiosity【解析】此考查名词【解析】此处介词with的宾语应该由名词充当,故用名词形式curiosity.
36.【答案】wealthy【解析】此处应用形容词wealthy(富有的)作定语修饰名词people.
44.【答案】accuracy【解析】根据空白处之前的形容词historical及后面的谓语动词is可知,此处应填名词accuracy作句子的主语.【答案】wonderful【解析】考查形容词作表语根据句子结构可知,在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语,故填wonderful.【答案】competition【解析】考查名词由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式towatch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式故填competitiono.【答案】poorly【解析】根据句意和结构分析可知,此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词hasbeenstudied意为“研究很少”故填poorlyo.【答案】pollution【解析】考查词性转换句意这一转变减少了中国较大的湖泊和水库的污染,使人们的饮用水更加安全hasdecreased后跟名词作宾语故填pollution9【答案】.global【解析】考查词性转换句意:中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%fertilizerconsumption是名词短语,故应该用形容词修饰故填global
10.
62.【答案】affordableo【解析】此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的,系动词be后用形容词作表语,表示“负担得起的”故填affordableo
64.【答案】weighto【解析】此处指体重问题用名词修饰problems故填weight©apologyfapologize道歉emphasisfemphasize强调(2020年新课标卷II♦语法填空)ChineseNewYearisa61(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.
61.celebration考查名词根据空白处之前的a和后面的非谓语动词marking可知此处应填名词celebratiorio(2020年新课标卷HI•语法填空)Filledwith64(curious)theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.
64.curiosity此考查名词处介词with的宾语应该由名词充当,故用名词形式curiosity(2020年山东新高考•语法填空)Inthe18thand19thcenturies36(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplantshistoricalobjectsandworksofart.
36.wealthy此处应用形容词wealthy(富有的)作定语修饰名词people(2020年山东新高考•语法填空)Historical44(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.
44.accuracy根据空白处之前的形容词historical及后面的谓语动词is可知,此处应填名词accuracy作句子的主语构词法二转化法在词形不变的情况下,把一个单词由一种词性转换成另一种词性,而没有加任何词缀,这种构词方法称为转换法转换法种类很多,但数量最多的是由名词转化为动词和由动词转化为名词两大类转换后的词义与转换前的词义通常有密切的联系,但有时差异也很大构词法三合成法把两个或两个以上的词素放到一起,这种构词法称为合成法合成词通常由两个或两个以上的自由词素构成不同词性,最常见的包括名词合成词,形容词合成词,动词合成词之间有的用连字符连接,有的直接连接在一起语法填空词形转换常见词A
1.ability[obiliti]n.能力;才能able[eb(a)1]a.能够;有能力的
1.absence[febsans]n.不在,缺席absent[tebsant]a.缺席,不在academic[岔kJdemk]a./n.学术的,教学的academy[Jk岔dsmi]n.专科学院,(美)私立学校access[tekses]n./v.通道,入径,存取(计算机文件)accessible[aksesb(a)1]a.可到达的,可接受的achievevt.达到,取得achievement[JtJLvmsnt]n.成就,成绩,功绩act臣kt]n.法令,条例v.(戏)表演,扮演(角色),演出(戏);行动,做事action[tekj(a)n]n.行动active[tekta.积极的,主动的activity[akInit]n.;舌动adapt[Jd岔pt]v.使适应,适合,改编adaptation[sctep展式3)n]n.适应,改编本adjust[adgASt]v.调整,调节,适应,习惯adjustment[adsAStmant]n.调整,适应admirable[tedmarob
(0)1]a.值得赞赏的,可钦佩的admire[odmaD(r)]v.钦佩;羡慕admission[adrifta)n]n.准入,接纳admit[od殖it]vt.承认,准许(入场,入学,入会)advertise[tedvataE]vt.为做广告advertisement[odv3tEmant]n.广告在形容词后加一ly可变成相应意义的副词直接加一lyextremefextremely尤其,非常stupidfstupidly傻地改y为一ilyhappy-happily快乐地merryfmerrily快乐地去e加一lytrue真的ftruly真地后缀例词-ageshortfshortage不足;短缺—cyefficientfefficiency效率;功效accuratefaccuracy准确性—domfree一freedom自由;自主wise-wisdom明智;智慧—encedifferentfdifference差异silentfsilence沉默—nessweakfweakness虚弱;弱点carelessfcarelessness粗心大意—thstrongfstrength力气;强项widefwidth宽-y-ty—itydisablefdisability无能;残疾responsiblefresponsibility后缀例词—alapprovearrive-fapproval赞成;批准arrival至U来—anceappear-performaappearance出现;外貌fperformance表演;节目—enceexistfreferfexistence存在;生存reference参考;查阅—ionconstruct-construction建设evaluatefevaluation评估—ationconsiderimaginefconsideration考虑fimagination想象力—ssiondiscussadmitffdiscussion讨论;辩论admission接纳;准许入学—inghearfhearing听力;听觉beginfbeginning开始—mentarguefequipfargument辩论;论据equipment设备—urefailfpress-failure失败;没做到pressure压力—turemix—mixture混合;混合物departfdeparture离开;出发-yrecoverfrecovery恢复;痊愈discoverfdiscovery发现其他varyfvariety多样化;种类tendftendency趋向;趋势后缀例词—ervillagefvillager村民strangefstranger陌生人-arliefliar说谎者-eeemployfemployee受雇者;雇员interviewfinterviewee被面试者—orinventfinventor发明家educatefeducator教育家;教师—esssteward—stewardess女乘务员hostfhostess女主人;女主持人—eseChina—Chinese中国人JapanfJapanese日本人—anAmericafAmerican美国人Australia一Australian澳洲人—ianhistoryfhistorian历史学家politicsfpolitician政治家;政客—istspecialfspecialist专家tour一tourist旅行者;观光者—antparticipatefparticipant参力□者assistfassistant助手;图书管理员后缀例词—ableaccept-acceptable可接受的comfortfcomfortable舒适的—alpersonfpersonal个人的;私人的naturefnatural自然的;天生的—fulhopefhopeful有希望的peacefpeaceful和平的—edconfuseconfused感到困惑的borefbored感到厌倦的—ingsurprisefsurprising令人惊讶的convince—convincing令人信服的—ibleaccessfaccessible容易到达的;容易取得的horrorfhorrible可怕的;恐怖的—iveeffectfeffective有效的;生效的instructfinstructive有教育意义的—ousanxiety-anxious忧虑的curiosityfcurious好奇的—sometireftiresome令人厌倦的troubleftroublesome麻烦的-ytasteftasty美味的;可口的wealthfwealthy富裕的;丰富的dirtfdirty有灰尘的;脏的—erneastfeastern东方的;向东的westfwestern西方的;向西的—ishfoolffoolish愚蠢的;可笑的self-selfish自私的—icsciencefscientific科学的historyfhistoric历史上著名的—aryimaginefimaginary想象中的前缀例词dis—advantagefdisadvantage缺点comfortfdiscomfort不舒适il—legalfillegal不合法的logicalfillogical不合逻辑的im—patientfimpatient不耐烦的moralfimmoral不道德的in—formalfinformal非正式的convenientfinconvenient不方便的ir—regularfirregular不规则的responsiblefirresponsible不负责任的mis—leadfmislead误导understandfmisunderstand误解un—willingfunwilling不愿意的happyfunhappy不高兴的后缀例词—lesshopefhopeless绝望的carefcareless粗心的前缀例词en—largefenlarge扩大richfenrich使充实;使丰富后缀例词—enbroadfbroaden使变宽hardfharden使变硬—ifyclassfclassify把分类beautyfbeautify美化动词f名词walk—takeawalk散步swimfhaveaswim游泳名词一动词bookn.fv.预订milkn.f匕挤奶形容词f动词slowadj.fv.减慢narrowadj.f匕使变窄;(差距等)缩小形容词■词hardadj.困难的努力地highadj.高的高deepadj.深的深wideadj.宽的匕广阔地构成方式例词名词+名词weekend周末名词+动词daybreak黎明名词+动名词handwriting书法名词+及物动词+er/orpain-killer止痛药名词+介词+名词sister-in-law嫂子代词+名词she-wolf母狼he-goat动词+名词typewriter打字机动名词+名词reading-room阅览室现在分词十名词flying-fish飞鱼形容词+名词freshman大一新生副词+动词outlook景色风光介词+名词afterbrain后脑构成方式例词名词+形容词bloodred血红的名词+现在分词French-speaking讲法语的名词+to+名词one-to-one——对——的名词+过去分词man-made人造的数词+名词one-way单行道的数词+名词+形容词three-year-old三岁的数词+名词+edten-storeyed十层的动词+副词one-off一次性的形容词+名词high-quality高质量的形容词+名词+ednoble-minded高尚的形容词+形容词light-green浅绿色的形容词+现在分词ordinary-looking相貌一般的副词+形容词ever-green常青的副词+现在分词hard-working辛勤的副词+过去分词well-known著名的副词+名词fast-food提供快餐的介词+名词indoor室内的构成方式例词名词+动词sleep-walk梦游形容词+动词white-wash粉刷副词+动词overwhelm压倒制服构成方式例词形容词+名词hotfoot匆忙地形容词+副词everywhere至U处副词+副词however尽管如此介词+名词beforehand事先介词+副词forever永远构成方式例词代词宾格+selfherself她自己,themselves物主代词+selfmyself我自己形容词+名词anything一切。