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Unit1Lifestyles晨起第一事背诵经典句ArelaxingandpeacefullifestyleiswhatIhavebeenlongingfor.轻松且平静的生活方式一直是我期盼的Duringthelockdownwheneveryone,sbeenabitgloomyIthinkitsimportanttobeabletospreadalittlebitofjoytosomeoneslife.当在疫情封锁期间,每个人都有点郁闷时,我认为向别人传播一点快乐是很重要的Lifeistenpercentwhatyoumakeitandninetypercenthowyoutakeit.生活有百分之十在于你如何塑造它,有百分之九十在于你如何对待它Lifecanbehardattimesbutyougottakeepyourheadheldhighandstaypositive.Neverletanyonebringyoudown.生活有时会是困苦的,但你也一定要高扬起头,保持乐观,不要被任何人打倒自主排查夯县固本1D重点单词I核心单词⑴matterw.要紧,有重大关系
5.问题,事情;物质peacefula力平静的;和平的fpeace/.和平,和睦3relaxing{adj.轻松的,放松的frelaxvt.使放松frelaxed{adj.感到放松的,感到轻松的frelaxation
5.放松;缓和;放宽stressful{adj.充满压力的,紧张的fstressvt.强调;使紧张〃.压力;强调supposert.认为;猜想fsupposed〈adj.据说的,假定的fsupposingconj.假定,假设complainvi.抱怨;投诉fcomplaint〃.诉苦;牢骚;抱怨switch{vt.转变,转换开关;变更8portable{adj.轻便的,手提式的fportability〃.可携带性;轻便9document〃.公文,文件以记录,记载;用文献证明10bored{adj.厌烦的,不感兴趣的fboring{adj.令人厌烦的llsuffervi.遭受痛苦,感到疼痛fsuffering〃.痛苦12pressure〃.压力心对施压;迫使13organisevt.组织forganised{adj.有组织的,系统的forganization〃.组织forganizational{adj.组织的我无法忍受人们一直打扰答案stand;interrupting■后讲standsb/sth忍受/宽容/某人/某事standsb/sthdoingsth容忍某人/某物做某事standdoingsth容忍做某事特别提醒stand作为及物动词“忍受,容忍”时,常用于否定句supportvt.n.支持,支撑Pi2■■先练⑴单句语法填空
①Thesemeasuresarestronglysupportbyenvironmentalgroups.
②Thegovernmentsupportedtheunionstheirdemandforaminimumwage.答案
①supported
②in⑵单句写作Theyheldalarge-scaleeventtheimplementationofthelaw.他们举行一次大型的活动以支持这项法律的实施答案insupportof■后讲supportsb/sth支持某人/某物supportsb/sthinsth在某方面支持某人/某物insupportof支持,赞成特别提醒support作名词使用时,是不可数名词,表抽象的概念designvt.n.设计P13■■先练⑴单句语法填空
①Theywanteddesignahousethatwasbothattractiveandpractical.
②Weshallneverknowwhetherthishappenedbychanceordesign.答案
①todesign
②by⑵单句写作DComputersecuritysystemsindependenttechnicians.计算机安全系统将由独立的技师来设计
②Themethodisspecificallyuseinsmallgroups.这种方法是专为小组活动设计的答案©willbedesignedby
②designedfor■后讲designern.设计师bydesign有意地,故意地bedesignedfor为而设计
⑨distancen.距离P15■■先练⑴单句语法填空
①Therailwaystationisatdistanceoftwomilesfromourschool.
②Hewasastrictcoachandplayerstendedtokeephimadistance.答案
①a
②at⑵单句改错Canyoudistinguishtheobjectsfromthedistance答案from-in或第二个the^a-后讲inthedistance在远处atadistance在一定距离处,在稍远处fromadistance从远处keepsbatadistance与某人保持一定距离,敬而远之keeponesdistancefrom保持疏远,对(人或事业等)冷淡特别提醒distance的基本意思是表示空间的“距离,间距”,也可表示“远处,远方”,可用作可数名词,也可用作不可数名词;用于表示“冷淡,疏远”,是不可数名词〃短语点拨〃
①switchon接通,把开关打开出),先练
(1)单句语法填空
①ItookmybagsinsideloweredmyselfontothebedandswitchedtheTV.
②Sheworkedasalibrarianbeforeswitchingjournalism.答案
①on
②to⑵单句改错ItwasboringthathischildkeptswitchingroundtheTVchannels.答案round-over■后讲switchoff断开关上把关掉switchover转变(方法、产品等);转换频道switchround调换位置switchto转向,转变为
②takeup占据,占用;从事;接受(PJ■■先练⑴单句语法填空
①Weboughtanewcomputeranditdoesnottakemuchspace.
②Dontbesonaiveas(take)inbytheirlies.答案
①up
②tobetaken⑵单句改错Whenheheardthenewshisfacetookupaseriousexpression.答案upfon■后讲takeon呈现;承担takeoff起飞;脱下(衣服);开始成功takedown拆除;写下takein吸收;欺骗
③gooff(铃、爆竹等)响(PJ,先练⑴单句语法填空
①Thebell(go)offandagroupofchildrenranoutoftheclassroom.
(2)1wentwonderingifIdsaidthewrongthing.答案
①went
②away⑵单句写作constanteffortsjustdowhatwelike.不懈地努力前进吧,去做我们喜欢做的答案Goaheadwith■后讲goahead先走;发生,进行;开始做,着手做goaway走开;外出度假等goback回到,返回gobeyond超出goby流逝;过去goout外出交际;熄灭goup价格、数量等上升befilledwith充满着PJ■■先练1单句语法填空
①Theforestfillwiththesoundofrunningwater.
②Mydaughtersfacehasbeguntofillnowthatshesrecoveredfromherillness.答案
①isfilled
②out2单句写作Icuriosityabouttheworldandlife.我对世界和人生充满了好奇心答案wasfilledwith■后讲fillin填写表格等fillout扩张;长胖fillup充满,装满atthemoment此刻,目前Pi6■■先练1单句语法填空
①Ithinkshefeelsdesperatelywoundedandunlovedthemoment.
②Werehappylivinginaflatthemomentbutwemaywanttomovetoahousesoon.答案
①at
②for2单句改错Shehurriedhereforthemomentsheheardthemessagewesenttoher.答案去掉for■后讲1atanymoment随时foramoment片亥U一会儿forthemoment暂时,目前2themoment就〃句型与语法〃
①[教材原句]IntheafternoonIoftenwatchanotheroldfilm一theyreshowingsomegoodonesatthemoment.下午,我经常看另一部老电影,他们目前正在播放一些不错的电影P8■■先练1单句语法填空
①Thesevegetablesaregoodtoourhealthbuttheirpricesriseatthemoment.
②IleaveBeijingforShanghaitomorrowafternoon.答案
①arerising
②amleaving2单句改错SheislistenedtoChinesesongsnowandshelearnsChineseasasecondlanguage.答案listened—listening■后讲一般现在时表经常性的动作或现在的事实2现在进行时常表此时此刻正在发生或一直在发生的动作一些表趋向的动词的进行时,也可表将来
②[教材原句]Ittakesmelessthanfifteenminutestowashgetchangedhavebreakfastleavehomeandgetonabus.我花了不到十五分钟的时间来洗漱,换衣服,吃早餐,离开家,然后登上公共汽车PJ■先练1单句语法填空
①IttakesmorecouragethanIveusuallygotgoandseehim.
②Theyhavespentalotlesstimeenterthedatabankthanbefore.答案
①togo
②entering2单句写作afewminutesforhiseyesthedark.过了几分钟他的眼睛才适应了黑暗答案Ittook;toadjustto-后讲句型Ittakessbsometimetodosth做某事花费某人时间本句型中it是形式主语,todosth不定式短语是真正的主语,而sb是间接宾语,sometime是直接宾语特别提醒take表示“花费”时,后跟时间、勇气等名词,其主语既可是人,也可是物;spend表示“花费”时后跟时间、金钱、精力等名词Sb+spends+〃.+onsth/indoingsth其主语是人;cost表示“花费”时,常构成Sth+costs+sb+money其主语是物
③[教材原句]Ifindpaintingordrawingveryrelaxing.我发现绘画让人很放松Pio■先练1单句语法填空
①InfactIfindshoppingfromonestoretoanotherverybore.
②IfoundthemlearnChinesewhenIenteredtheclassroom.答案
①boring
②learning2单句写作Ifindthatshewillcomehereontime.我发现她不可能准时到这儿来答案itimpossible后讲句型find+宾语+宾补本句型中,补语常是形容词、较短的分词短语或介词短语等特别提醒在本句型中,宾语若是较长的不定式、从句或名词短语时,为了平衡句子,常将这个较长的宾语放在后面,此处用形式宾语itIfounditverydifficulttoadaptmyselftothingsallaroundhere.我发现我很难使自己适应周围的事物4[教材原句]UsuallyitssocrowdedthatIcan,tfindanywheretosit.通常情况下,地铁那么拥挤,以至于我无法找到任何可坐的地方P14■■先练⑴单句语法填空
①Idreamabouthim;thedreamsaresovividtheydisturbmefordays.
②Heshutthewindowwithforcethattheglasswasbroken.答案
①that
②such⑵单句改错Theyweresolittlechildrenthatwewerebusylookingafterthemdayandnight.答案sofsuch■后讲句型so...that...如此以至于本句型中so是副词,修饰形容词或副词作状语表程度;that引导结果状语从句特别提醒V形容词/副词+that从句形容词+a/an+单数名词+that从句so-4many/few+可数名词复数形式+that从句much/little+不可数名词+that从句a/an+形容词+单数名词+that从句such+形容词+复数名词+that从句形容词+不可数名词+that从句当little表示数量“少”时,其前用so;描述“小”时,其前用sucho另外,当sosuch放在句首时,常引起部分倒装Soharddoesheworkthathefinisheshisprojectaheadoftime.他工作如此努力以至于提前完成了项目
⑤[教材原句]Wedon,thavethesameworkhoursthatofficeworkersinthecityhave.我们和这个城市里在办公室工作的人的上班时间是不同的P15■■先练1单句语法填空©ThiscoffeeisthesamewehadatMrsDawson,s.
②Withthehelpofthepolicewefinallyfoundthesamecarmysisterlostlastweek.答案
①as
②that2单句写作
①SheisIsatnexttointhebus.她和在公交车上坐在我旁边的那个女孩是同一个人
②ThisisbookIlentyouyesterday.这本书和我昨天借给你的相似答案
①thesamegirlthat
②thesame;as■后讲句型thesame...that.・.与是一样的本句型中,thesame修饰名词,而that引导定语从句,也同时修饰名词,作定语特别提醒thesame...as.・.和thesame...that.・.的区别as是表示相似性,而that则表示同一物,它们都引导定语从句,as和that在从句中作成分课文I可练升华运用I根据课文内容,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式BrianBlakeyisacouchpotatowhoprefers]switchontheTVtowatchprogrammestogettingupimmediatelywhenhewakesupinthemorning.Hespendssixteenorseventeenhoursaday2watchTVthoughhetakeshisdogfor3walkeveryafternoon.HoweverheneverwatchesTVallnight.Heusuallyswitches4theTVatabout
200.BobBlackaworkaholic5normalwakesupaboutfiveminutesbeforehisalarmclockgoesoff.Ittakeshimlessthanfifteenminutes6washgetchangedhavebreakfastleavehomeandgetonabus.Andheisalwaysthefirstpersontogettotheoffice.Alargepartoftheday7takeupbymeetingsandphonecallsandeveryminute8fillwithurgentmatters.Besideshelooksatsomedocuments9arebroughtbackfromtheofficeevenwhenhegetshomeataboutten.Hesayshegets10boreifthereisnothingtodo.看础达标门主训练1I.单句语法填空Weallfeltlastweekendveryrelax.答案relaxinglastweekend的特征应用由现在分词转化来的形容词来描述,故填relaxingo句意我们都觉得上周末很轻松Thegardenfillwiththescentofflowers.答案isfilled本句描述一般事实,应用一般现在时,befilledwith“充满着”,故填isfilledoMaryisamodelexampleforus;shebeneverlateforschool.答案is应用一般现在时,描述客观事实,belateforsth做某事迟到”SheisalwayscomplainaboutallIhavedoneforherrecently.答案complaining句意最近她一直都在抱怨我为她做的一切现在进行时与always连用,表达某种感情色彩Underthestressworkandthepressureofthelifemostpeoplefeelunhappyandtired.答案stressful根据句子结构可知,表示“充满压力的工作”应该用形容词作定语修饰work故此处用stressfuloManyofhisnovelshavedescribedthesufferofhisrace.答案sufferings根据句意可知,表示“种族的痛苦”,应该用名词作describe的宾语,且应用名词复数形式,故填sufferingsWewillstayathomeifitraintomorrow.答案rains在条件状语从句中,应用一般现在时表示将来Ipreferredplayingontheplaygroundtowalkaroundfromoneshoptoanother.答案walkingpreferdoingsthtodoingsth中,to是介词后跟动名词作介词宾语Myparentslentmethemoney;Icouldn,thaveaffordedthecar.答案otherwise前后两个分句在语意上表示转折,后半句描述相反的结果,意为“否则不然的话”,故填otherwiseJuliasonholidayinSpainthemoment.答案at根据句意可知,表示“此刻,目前”,用atthemomentoII单句写作.Mostofthegirlsintheclassroomarestudying而一些男孩在说笑.答案whilesomeboysaretalkingandlaughing目前通过远程学习,manyteachershavemasteredtheteachingskills.答案AtpresentthroughdistancelearningTheoldwardrobetoomuchspace.这个旧衣柜太占空间答案takesupThereisnoiseIcanhardlyconcentrateonmystudy.教室里太吵闹,我无法专心学习答案somuch;that室内有些冷了,请打开空调吧答案:Itisabitcoldintheroom.Pleaseswitch/turnontheairconditioning.III.语法填空Homeschoolingisamovementaroundthecountryandtheworldinwhichparentseducatetheirchildrenathomeinsteadofsendingthemtoa]traditionpublicorprivateschool.Familieschoosetohomeschoolforvariousreasonsincludingthebelief2childrenarenotprogressingwithintheschoolstructure.Thehomeschoolingmovement3begingrowinginthe1970swhensomepopularauthorsandresearchersstartedwritingabouteducationalreforms.Theysuggestedhomeschooling4analternativeeducationaloption.It5reportthattherearenowmorethan2millionchildrenbeinghomeschooledintheUSwiththepercentagebecoming6higheachyear.Homeschoolingislegalinall50statesandinmanyforeigncountries.Legal7requireforhomeschoolingintheUSvaryfromplacetoplace.8mostimportantthingparentsneedtohomeschooltheirchildrenis9likethemandenjoytheircompanyandtheirfoolishness.Theyhavetoenjoyalltheirtalksandquestionsandenjoyequally10trytoanswerthosequestions.Inalmostallareasofthecountryparentsdon,tneedaneducationdegreetohomeschool.Thosewithyoungchildrencanbeginahomeeducationprogramwhentheirchildrenturnschoolage.
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10.preferrt更喜欢;宁愿fpreferredpreferring过去式/过去分词现在分词fpreference〃.偏爱;优惠fpreferable{adj.更可取的volunteer〃.志愿者匕自愿做challenge
77.vt.挑战support{vt.n.支持,支撑fsupportab1e{adj.可支持的design〃.vt.设计fdesigner〃・设计师19advertisementz.广告fadvertise匕做广告;做宣传fadvertisingz.广告业;登广告20crowded{adj.拥挤的fcrowd匕拥挤〃人群;一伙人21otherwise{adv.否则;另外sickness〃.疾病;呕吐,不健康fsickad/有病的,患病的f旦!h/同义词有病的;不舒服的distance〃.距离fdistant{adj.遥远的classical{adj.古典的fclassically{adv.古典地,正统地;典型的情况是25reducevt.减少;降低stand〃.忍受,忍耐〃.架,台,座;摊位graduatevi.毕业〃毕业生fgraduation〃.毕业solvevt.解决;解答fsolution〃.解决方法n阅读单词1questionnaire/.问卷;调查表lifestyle〃.生活方式cartoon/.卡通片,动画片remote{adj.遥远的alarm〃.警报,警告器6urgentadj.急迫的,紧急的urgently{adv.紧急地furgency〃.紧急7midnight/.午夜,半夜expertn.专家{adj.老练的;内行的accountant〃会计,会计师10formal{adj.正式的、合礼仪的fformally{adv.正式地finformal{adj.非正式的style〃.风格,作风12workaholic〃.工作狂7语境活用[单句语法填空]篇章导读本文是一篇说明文文章介绍了美国在家教育的运动traditional考查词性转换句意在家教育是一种遍布美国和世界的运动,父母在家里教育他们的孩子,而不是送他们去传统的公立或私立学校设空处修饰名词school需用形容词作定语故填traditionalthat考查同位语从句的连接词句意人们选择在家教育有各种各样的原因,其中包括认为孩子在学校里无法取得进步设空处引导同位语从句,解释说明belief的内容,从句不缺成分,且没有表示疑问,需用连接词that引导故填thatbegan考查动词的时态句意20世纪70年代,一些受欢迎的作家和研究人员开始撰写有关教育改革的文章,在家教育运动开始兴起设空处在句中作谓语,根据inthe1970s可知,此处陈述过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时故填beganas考查介词句意他们建议把在家教育作为另一种教育选择结合语境可知,此处需填介词as“作为”故填asisreported考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致句意据报道,现在美国有200多万儿童在家接受教育,而且这个比例每年都在上升此处陈述客观事实,需用一般现在时主语it和report为被动关系,Itisreportedthat.・.为固定句型,意为“据报道o故填isreportedohigher考查形容词的比较级become为系动词,设空处需填形容词作表语,此处表示“这个百分比在逐年增加,应用比较级故填higherrequirements考查词性转换句意美国对在家教育的法律要求因地而异Legal为形容词,应用名词作主语,谓语动词为动词原形“vary”,应用名词复数故填requirementSoThe考查冠词此处用定冠词the与mostimportant构成最高级结构位于句首首字母需大写故填Thetolike考查非谓语动词此处在句中作表语,结合后面的动词“enjoy”可知,此处应该填入所给词的不定式故填tolikeotrying考查非谓语动词句意他们不得不享受他们所有的谈话和问题,同样享受尽力回答这些问题的乐趣enjoydoingsth为固定短语,意为“喜欢做某事”故填tryingoIV.短文改错rmdelightedtoknowyoushowedagreatinterestinChinesetablemanners.NowIwouldliketoshareyouhowtobehaveproperlywhenweareinvitedtodinner.Tobeginwiththehostwillreserveaspecialseatfortheguestwhichishighlyhonoredonsuchanoccasionbutisexpectedtobethefirsttotastethefoodserved.BesidechopsticksandspoonsareusuallyusedwhenyouareeatinginChina.Thirdyouarenotsupposedtomakinganoisewhileeatingsoup.Lastbutnotleastremembertothankthehostforthedeliciousfoodhehasbeenofferedwhichwillsurelymakehimhappily.Ihopemyadviceswillbeofhelptoyou.答案rmdelightedtoknowyoushowedagreatinterestinChinesetablemanners.Now
①showIwouldliketoshareAyouhowtobehaveproperlywhenweareinvitedtodinner.
②with
③youTobeginwiththehostwillreserveaspecialseatfortheguestwhichishighly
④whohonoredonsuchanoccasionbutisexpectedtobethefirsttotastethefoodserved.
⑤andBesidechopsticksandspoonsareusuallyusedwhenyouareeatinginChina.Third
⑥Besidesyouarenotsupposedtomakinganoisewhileeatingsoup.Lastbutnotleastremembermaketothankthehostforthedeliciousfoodhehasb^enofferedwhichwillsurelymakehimhappily.
⑨happyIhopemyadviceswillbeofhelptoyou.⑩adviceshowed-^show考查一般现在时know后接的宾语从句应为一般现在时主语为you所以谓语用showo故将showed改成showyou前加with考查介词sharesthwithsb”与某人分享某物”也可以说成sharewithsbsth”与某人分享某物”故在you前面加上withweyou考查代词由本句中的you可知when引导的时间状语从句的主语为you故将we改成youowhich-who考查定语从句的引导词theguest为先行词,在非限制性定语从句中作主语,所以关系代词为who故将which改成whobut-and考查连词分析句意可知,前后两句句意表示并列关系,所以用并列连词ando故将but改成andBeside-Besides考查副词beside是介词,表示“在旁边”besides是有两个词性,当介词为“除……之外”besides用作副词的意思是“而且,还有”,引出另一种情况,以作补充可用于句首、句尾,也可用于句中,常常用逗号或分号与句子的其他成分隔开故将Beside改成Besidesmaking-make考查动词不定式besupposedtodosth应该做某事”为固定短语故将making改成make去掉has后的been考查动词的语态thedeliciousfood为先行词,在定语从句中作offer的宾语,定语从句主语为he与谓语为主动关系故去掉beenhappilyfhappy考查形容词make+adj.其中形容词作sb的宾语补足语故将happily改成happyoadvicesfadvice考查名词advice为不可数名词故将advices改成advice课时作业I.完形填空(2022•贵州省部分重点中学高三联考)0nelatesummerafternoonEdwardateenagerhungoutwithhisfriends.Theyswaminthe]afteralongdayatschool.Theyhadwaterfightsswimmingracesand2themselves.Justasthe3wentdownwhenEdwardwasabouttogohomehisfriend4himtogoandswiminthedeeperendofthepond.Edwardknewsome5factsaboutit.Ithadmanydifferenttypesofalgae(藻类)and6watercurrents.Severalpeoplehad7thereassomerumors(谣言)said.Edwardwaswonderingwhattodonextwhenotherfriendsalsodaredhimto8there.Edwardwasabouttosay9buthisfriendsaidthathewouldgivehimsomething10ifhedidit.Edwarddeclinedthedeal11andwasreadytohomebutthentherestofhisfriendswerechanting(反复喊),uSWIMSWIM”.Edward12candyevenatinyonewouldmakehimvery
13.Alsohedidn,twanttobe14infrontofhisfriends.Sohewentintothedeeperend.Butassoonashedidthishestarted
15.Edwardcouldswimbutnotthatwell.Heyelled“HELP”.Hisfriendstriedtocomeand16himbuttheyweretoofaraway.JustwhenEdward,slifeseemedalmostoveraworkercleaningupthepondareacametohis
17.HepulledEdwardoutofthepondbyhisshoulder.Andhe18Edwardforattemptingsuchastupiddare.Edwardsaidhewouldneverforgetthe19andthathewouldkeepinmindthatalthoughswimmingisfun20comesfirst.篇章导读本文是一篇记叙文文章讲述了Edward爱德华和小伙伴在外面游泳Edward差点儿溺水的故事
1.A.riverC.pond答案C句意在学校度过了漫长的一天后,他们在池塘里游泳根据下文“swiminthedeeperendofthepond”可知他们在池塘里游泳故选CB.enjoyedC.helpedD.applied答案B句意他们打水仗,游泳比赛,玩得很开心lose“丢失”;enjoy”享受喜爱;help“帮助”;apply“应用”根据上文“Theyhadwaterfightsswimmingraces可知,他们玩得很开心故选BA.windB.starC.moonD.sun答案D句意就在太阳落山的时候,爱德华正要回家,他的朋友怂恿他去池塘的深处游泳根据上文“Onelatesummerafternoon可知,此处表示太阳落山故选DA.opposedB.orderedC.daredD.persuaded答案Coppose反对;order“命令”;dare激敢;persuade劝说”根据下文“whenotherfriendsalsodaredhimto”可知小伙伴们想激Edward看他是否敢去深水区游泳故选CA.worryingB.excitingC.disappointingD.confusing答案Aworrying“令人担忧的;exciting”令人兴奋的;disappointing令人失望的;confusing混乱的根据下文“Ithadmanydifferenttypesofalgae(藻类)and6watercurrents.Severalpeoplehad7thereassomerumors(谣言)said.可知,Edward知道池塘让人担心的儿个事实故选AA.fineB.unusualC.smallD.unimportant答案B句意它有许多不同类型的藻类和不寻常的水流根据上文“Ithadmanydifferenttypesofalgae(藻类)”以及下文“Severalpeoplehad...assomerumors(谣言)said.可知,深水区有不寻常的水流(暗流)故选BA.livedB.traveledC.swamD.died答案D根据下文“thereassomerumors(谣言)said”可知,此处表示传说有几个人曾经在那里溺亡故选DC.thanks答案A句意爱德华正要说“不”,但他的朋友说,如果他这么做,他会给他一些甜食故选AA.cheapB.beautifulC.longD.sweet答案D根据下文的“candy”可知,他的朋友说如果Edward答应游过去,就给他甜食故选DoA.carefullyB.immediatelyC.easilyD.essentially答案Bcarefully“仔细地”;immediately”立刻,马上”;easily“容易地”;essentially“本质上”根据下文“wasreadytohome”可知,Edward立即拒绝了这个交易故选BA.lovedB.boughtC.madeD.sold答案A句意爱德华喜欢糖果,即使是一小块也会让他非常高兴故选AA.surprisedB.puzzledC.happyD.angry答案Csurprised“感到惊讶的;puzzled“困惑的;happy“高兴的;angry“生气的Edward很喜欢糖果,甚至一小块糖都能使他非常高兴故选CA.mouth-wateringB.hard-workingC.lion-heartedD.chicken-hearted答案D句意而且,他不想在朋友面前显得胆怯mouth-watering“令人垂涎欲滴的;hard-working“勤奋的;lion—hearted“非常勇敢的,无畏的;chicken-hearted“胆小的”故选DA.runningB.laughingC.drowningD.crying答案Crun“跑”;laugh“大笑drown“淹没”;cry“哭”根据下文Edwardcouldswimbutnotthatwell.”可知Edward溺水了故选CA.excuseB.saveC.supportD.defeat答案;B句意;他的朋友们想过来救他,但是他们离得太远了excuse“原谅”;save“挽救,保留;support“支持;defeat“击败”故选BA.rescueB.homeC.schoolD.friend答案A句意就在爱德华快要淹死的时候,一个正在清理池塘的工人救了他根据下文“HepulledEdwardoutofthepondbyhisshoulder.”可知,Edward被救了故选AA.praisedB.sympathizedC.scoldedD.forgave答案C句意他责怪爱德华这样愚蠢的冒险praise“称赞”;sympathize“同情”;scold“责备”;forgive“原谅根据下文uEdwardforattemptingsuchastupiddare可知Edward被责骂故选CA.lessonB.wordC.knowledgeD.information答案Alesson教训经验”;word“单词;knowledge“知识;information“信息”根据上文可知,Edward差点溺水这是一次教训Edward不会忘记这次教训故选AoA.instructionB.skillC.progressD.safety答案D句意爱德华说,他永远不会忘记这次教训,他会记住,尽管游泳很有趣,但安全是第一位的instruction“指示”;skill“技能;progress“进步”;safety“安全”根据下文“comesfirst”可知,安全第一故选DII.阅读理解A(2021•吉林长春市高三三模)ItshardtoturndownhamburgersFrenchfriespotatochipsandalloftheotherjunkfoodthatseemtocallouttous.Howevereatingtoomuchjunkfoodcanharmyourbodyparticularlyifyourebetweentheagesof10and
19.“Junkfoodshapesadolescentbrainsinwaysthatweakentheirabilitytothinklearnandremember.ItcanalsomakeithardertocontrolimpulsivebehaviorssaidAmyReicheltabrainandnutritionspecialistatWesternUniversityCanada.“Itmayevenupateen,sriskofdepressionandanxiety.”Reicheltandtwootherresearchersfoundadolescentsaremoresensitivethananyotheragegrouptoprocessfoodswithalotoffatandsugar.Adolescentbrainsarestilldevelopingtheabilitytoassessrisksandcontrolactions.Theprefrontalcortexisthepartofthebrainthattellsusweshouldn,teatchipsallthetimeandhelpsusresistthaturge.Butthisregionisthelasttomature―itdoesn,tfullydevelopuntilweareinourearly20s.Meanwhileteenbrainsgetmoreactivefromrewardsforawhile.Thepartsofthebrainthatmakeusfeelgoodwhenwedosomethingpleasurablearefullydevelopedbytheteenyears.Infacttheseregionsareevenmoresensitivewhenweareyoung.Thatsbecausedopamine(多巴胺),anaturalchemicalthatliftsourmoodwhenweexperiencesomethinggoodisespeciallyactiveinadolescentbrains.Thereforetheteenbrainhastwostrikesagainstitwhenitcomestoresistingjunkfood.Ithasaheighteneddriveforrewardsandreducedself-regulationsaidReichelt.SowhatsthebestwaytosaynotojunkfoodResearcherssuggestexercise.Whenweexercisethebrain,srewardsystembecomeslesssensitivetofood.Exercisealsocausethebodytomakeaproteinthathelpsbraincellsgrowandboostsconnectionsbetweentheprefrontalcortexandotherbrainregions.Theprefrontalcortexthuscanworkbettertohelpusmakewisedecisionsandcontrolourimpulses.篇章导读本文是一篇说明文科学家最新研究表明,垃圾食品不仅对身体不好,甚至会对大脑造成负面影响,造成记忆减退和认知能力下降,而且对青少年的影响尤为明显WhatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraphTheeffectsofeatingjunkfood.Thecausesoffavouringjunkfood.Thetendencyofsharingjunkfood.Thebenefitsofavoidingjunkfood.答案A段落大意题根据第二段的内容可知,垃圾食品会损伤思维、学习和记忆的能力进而影响青少年大脑发育它也会使控制冲动行为变得更加困难,并增加青少年患抑郁症和焦虑症的风险由此可知,本段主要介绍了吃垃圾食品的影响故选AWhatisthefunctionoftheprefrontalcortexItservesasthesenseoftaste.Itpromotesteenagersspirits.Itispartlyinchargeofself-control.Ithelpsteenagersgrowphysicallymature.答案C细节理解题根据第三段第三句Theprefrontalcortexisthepartofthebrainthattellsusweshouldn,teatchipsallthetimeandhelpsusresistthaturge.(前额叶皮层是大脑的一部分,它告诉我们不应该一直吃薯片,并帮助我们抵制这种冲动)”可知,前额叶皮层能帮助我们抵制吃薯片的冲动,所以它在一定程度上掌管着自我控制能力故选CWhatdoes“it”refertointhethirdparagraphTheprefrontalcortex.Theurge.Theadolescentbrain.Thebody.答案A指代判断题根据第三段第
三、四句Theprefrontalcortexisthepartofthebrainthattellsusweshouldn,teatchipsallthetimeandhelpsusresistthaturge.Butthisregionisthelasttomature一rtdoesn,tfullydevelopuntilweareinourearly20s.(前额叶皮层是大脑的一部分,它告诉我们不应该一直吃薯片,并帮助我们抵制这种冲动但是这一区域是最后发育成熟的部分一一要到我们二十岁出头,它才完全发育好发可知此处it代指上文提到的theprefrontalcortex(前额叶皮层)故选AWhyisithardforteenstogiveupjunkfoodJunkfoodisdeliciousandnutritious.Junkfoodispopularamongyoungpeople.Teenagersdon,trealizetheharmofjunkfood.Teenagerscanfeeltemporaryexcitementfromjunkfood.答案D推理判断题根据第四段的内容可知,多巴胺是一种天然的化学物质,当我们体验到美好的事物时,它能提升我们的情绪,在青少年的大脑中尤其活跃因此,在抵制垃圾食品方面,青少年的大脑有两个劣势大脑加强了获得奖励的冲动而降低了自我调节能力由此可推知,从垃圾食品中感受到的暂时的兴奋让青少年难以拒绝垃圾食品故选DB(2022•河南宋基信阳实验中学高三摸底考试)Letsdosomesleepmath.YoulosttwohoursofsleepeverynightlastweekbecauseofabigprojectdueonFriday.OnSaturdayandSundayyousleptingettingfourextrahours.OnMondaymorningyouwerefeelingsobright-eyedandyouonlyhadonecupofcoffeeinsteadofyourusualtwo.Butdontbecheatedbyyourenergy:Yourestillcarryingaroundaheavyloadofsleepinessorwhatexpertscall“sleepdebt”一inthiscasesomethinglikesixhoursalmostafullnight,ssleep.Sleepdebtisthedifferencebetweentheamountofsleepyoushouldbegettingandtheamountyouactuallyget.It,sadeficit(缺乏)thatgrowseverytimeweskimsomeextraminutesoffournightlysleep.Peopleaccumulate(积累)sleepdebtgraduallywithoutbeingnoticed“saysWilliamC.DecentfounderoftheStanfordUniversitySleepResearchCenter.Studiesshowthatsuchshort-termlackofsleepleadstoafoggybrainworsenedvisionandtroubleremembering.Long-termeffectsincludeobesity(月巴胖)andheartdisease.AsurveybytheNationalSleepFoundationreportsthatwe,relosingonehourofsleepeachnight一morethantwofullweeksofsleepeveryyear.Thegoodnewsisthatlikealldebtswithsomeworksleepdebtcanberepaid.Addinganextrahourortwoofsleepanightisthewaytocatchuponsleepdebt.Forthelong-termlackofsleeptakeiteasyforafewmonthstogetbackintoanaturalsleeppattern.Gotobedwhenyouaretiredandallowyourbodytowakeyouinthemorningnoalarmclockallowed.Youmayfindyourselfcatatonic有紧张感的inthebeginningoftherecoverycycle:expecttohavetenhoursshut-eyepernight.Asthedayspasshowevertheamountofsleepingtimewillgraduallydecrease.Soearnbackthatlostsleep一andfollowtheordersofyourinnersleepneedsandyou11feelbetter.Whenyouputawaysleepdebtyoubecomeasuperman一saysStanfordsDementtalkingabouttheimprovedmentalandphysicalabilitiesthatcomewithbeingwellrested.篇章导读本文是一篇说明文文章主要讲述了我们是如何积累自己的睡眠债务的,以及长期这样下去会对我们的身体健康造成的影响和弥补睡眠债务的方法Theexampleofsleepmathisusedtoshowinwhatcaseyoubuildupasleepdebtwhyyouneedsixhourssleepeverynightwhyyouarefullofenergyevenwhenyoudon,thaveenoughsleepinwhatcaseyoushoulddrinkcoffeetokeepenergetic答案A推理判断题根据第一段中的“Letsdosomesleepmath.(让我们做一些睡眠数学眠和“Yourestillcarrying.・・afullnightssleep(你仍然背负着沉重的睡意,或者专家所说的‘睡眠债务一一在这种情况下,大约6个小时,几乎是一整晚的睡眠)”可推知,睡眠数学的例子用来说明在什么情况下,你会积累睡眠债务故选ATheauthorbeginsParagraph2with.A.anexampleB.adefinitionC.anargumentD.adiscussion答案B细节理解题根据第二段第一句Sleepdebtis...youactuallyget.睡眠债务’指的是你应该得到的睡眠时间和你实际得到的睡眠时间之间的差额可知,本段是以sleepdebt的定义开始的故选B
7.BysayingtheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphDementmeans.youcangetenoughsleepwiththesupermanshelpyoucanachieveyourgoalswithasleepdebtyouwillbecleverifyouaccumulatesleepdebtyouwillbeinagoodstatewithenoughsleep答案D句意猜测题根据画线部分所在句“Whenyouputaway...beingwellrested.(当你摆脱了睡眠债务,你就成了一个超人,斯坦福大学的Dement(德门特)说,他谈到了良好休息带来的精神和身体能力的提高)”可知,Dement认为睡眠充足了,你的精神状态才会好故选DWhatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassageHowcanyoukeepenergeticCanyouhaveagoodsleepWhatissleepdebtCanyoucatchuponsleepdebt答案I)标题判断题根据第三段前两句和最后一段第一句Soearnbackthat...feelbetter.(所以,弥补你失去的睡眠,并遵循你内心的睡眠需求,你会感觉更好”及上文介绍的睡眠债务的含义、长期这样下去会对我们身体健康造成的影响和怎样弥补睡眠债务可知,D项(你能弥补睡眠不足吗?)是本文的最佳标题故选DIII.短文改错(2022•河南宋基信阳实验中学高三摸底考试)DebbieisanaccountantinanlargecompanyinLondon.Sheoftentravelstoworkonthetube.Usuallyitistoocrowdedthatshecan,tfindanywheretosit.Sheoftenspendsallmorningchecknumbers.Forlunchsheoftengetsasandwichinanearbysandwichshop.Shehasdanceclassesandgotothegyminordergetenoughexercise.Attheweekendshesometimesdrivestothecountrysidewithhisfriendsiftheweatherforecastisgood.Debbieandherfriendsliketogowalkingwhichtherearenoshopscrowdsandthetube.Andthefreshairisgoodtoherlungs.Shelovestoit.答案DebbieisanaccountantinanlargecompanyinLondon.Sheoftentravelstowork
①aonthetube.Usuallyitistoocrowdedthatshecantfindanywheretosit.Sheoften
②sospendsallmorningchecknumbers.Forlunchsheoftengetsasandwichinanearby
③checkingsandwichshop.ShehasdanceclassesandgotothegyminorderAgetenough
④goes
⑤toexercise.Attheweekendshesometimesdrivestothecountrysidewithhisfriends
⑥heriftheweatherforecastisgood.Debbieandherfriendsliketogowalkingwhichthere
⑦wherearenoshopscrowdsandthetube.Andthefreshairisgoodtoherlungs.Sheloves
⑧or
⑨for食)it.⑩
1.第二个an-a考查冠词句意黛比是伦敦一家大公司的会计形容词large的发音以辅音音素开头故将an改为aWecomehereonceayearexpectingaquietandrelaxholiday.答案relaxingsupposeweholdthemeetingtomorrowwilltherebeenoughtimetoprepare答案SupposingTheforeignministersofthetwocountriessignedsomedocumentoneconomytoday.答案documentsIcanseethereisaboreexpressiononherface.答案boredMovingtoanewhouseisaverystressexperience.答案stressfulWithinafewdaysshehadbecomeseriouslyillsuffergreatpainanddiscomfort.答案sufferingIbecameateacherbecauseIpreferbooksandpeopletopolitics.答案preferredThereappearstobeanotheroutbreakofsickamongthepeopleinthatcountrythisyear.答案sicknessIhadanorganisetriptoMountHuangshanthissummer.答案organisedAllthiswasjustdesigntofrightenmeandkeepmeinline.答案designedo联想积累由过去分词和现在分词转化来的形容词
①bor6fbored厌烦的fboring无聊的
②astonishfastonished吃惊的fastonishing令人惊讶的
③surprisefsurprised吃惊的fsurprising令人惊讶的
④amazefamazed惊讶的famazing惊人的
⑤frighten-frightened害怕的ffrightening令人害怕的©embarrassfembarrassed难堪的fembarrassing使人难堪的
⑦pleasefpleased快乐的fpleasing使人愉快的
⑧encourage-encouraged受到鼓舞的fencouraging令人鼓舞的.too-so考查固定结构句意通常,这里太拥挤了,她找不到地方坐根据语境可知应用so.・・that”如此以至于”结构故将too改为so.checkfchecking考查非谓语动词句意她经常花一上午的时间核对数字spendtimeindoingsth”花时间做某事”故将check改为checking.gofgoes考查动词的时态和主谓一致主语是she根据连词and前的动词has可知,时态为一般现在时,谓语动词用第三人称单数故将g改为goes.order后加to考查固定短语句意为了得到足够的锻炼,她上舞蹈课,去健身房inorderto”为了故在order后加tohis-her考查代词句意在周末,如果天气预报说天气好,她有时和她的朋友开车去乡下逻辑主语是she应指她的朋友故将his改为herwhich-where考查状语从句的连接词walk为不及物动词,后面的therebe句型表示“在某地有某物”,由此可以得知此处应是地点状语从句的引导词故将which改为whereoand-or考查连词句意黛比和她的朋友们喜欢去没有商店、没有人群和地铁的地方散步此处为并列关系,且句子为否定句,否定句中用or表示并列故将and改为rtoffor考查介词begoodfor对有好处”故将to改为for去掉to考查动词动词love是及物动词,后面接名词或代词故将to去掉©interest^interested感兴趣的finteresting有趣的⑩movefmoved感动的fmoving感人的⑪terrifyfterrified非常害怕的fterrifying极其可怕的⑫uzzlefpuzzled困惑的fpuzzling令人迷惑的©tire-tired疲倦的ftiring令人疲劳的⑭fexcitefexcited兴奋的fexciting令人兴奋的❷重点短语talkshow谈话节目,现场访谈makeadifference有影响,起作用switchover转换频道,转变switchoff把关掉,关上switchon把开关打开,接通remotecontrol遥控gooff铃、爆竹等响takeup占据befilledwith充满着beboredwith对感到厌烦sufferfrom忍受,遭受prefer…to...喜欢月生过;宁愿而不愿;与相比,更喜欢……graduatefrom毕业于cantstanddoingsth无法忍受做某事atthemoment此亥U,目前bedesignedfor为而设计comeupwith想出,提出overtheyears数年间Q语境活用[选词填空]switchoffgoofftakeupbefilledwithcomeupwithmakeadifferencesufferfromprefer...to...can,tstanddoingsthbedesignedforIlisteningtoyouspeakingtoomuchallthetimewithoutdoinganything.答案can,tstandWealladmirationforhisachievement.答案:were;filledwithThiscupboardalotofspaceandIwanttogetridofit.答案takesupIwasplayingcomputergameswhenthebellofmydoor.答案wentoffItisntwhatyouhavedonebutwhatyouwi11dothat.答案makesadifferenceEveryideaIyesterdaywasdeniedbyyouandyourmates.答案cameupwithShesaidthatsomeofthemlearningEnglishlearningphysics.答案preferred;toThesefilmsadultsnotsuitableforchildren.答案aredesignedforDon,tforgettotheTVbeforeyougo.答案switchoffThecountryisstilldeep-seatedeconomicproblemsthoughithasgotmuchhelpfromothers.答案sufferingfromo联想积累
1.take构成的短语
①takeon呈现;承担
②takeoff脱下;起飞;突然开始成功
③takein吸收;欺骗©takeout取出来
⑤takeup从事;占据
⑥takedown取下来;记下
⑦takeaway拿走
2.与befilledwith结构类似的短语
①beimpressedwith对留下印象
②besatisfiedwith对感到满意
③beequippedwith配备4becomparedwith与相比较常用句式答案
1.Whendoyouguesstheywillcomeupwithasolution
2.
①While
②While直击重点突破考点I〃单词点津〃
①relaxingadj.轻松的,放松的出■■先练1单句语法填空
①SomepeoplethinkshoppingisborebutIthinkshoppingisnotonlyinterestingbutalsorelax.
②Tomwaslyinginthesunlookingveryrelaxandhappy.答案
①boring;relaxing
②relaxed2单句写作Whatwespenttogether!我们一起度过了一个多么难忘且轻松的周末啊!答案anunforgettableandrelaxingweekend■后讲lrelax-使轻松使放松relaxoneself放松自己2relaxingexercise令人放松的运动arelaxinglesson轻松的——课3relaxedadj.轻松自在的;放松的look/appearrelaxedandconfident看上去/显得轻松、自信特别提醒由过去分词转化来的形容词通常含有被动意义,一般表示被动,描述人的主观感受;由现在分词转化来的形容词通常含有主动意义,主要描述事物的特征
②urgentadj.急迫的,紧急的PJ■■先练1单句语法填空
①ItwasurgentforChinadevelopenergyconservationandgreenbuildingsforsustainabledevelopment.
②Itsurgentthatshefinishherreportandgooutforawalktoreleaseherpressure.答案
①todevelop
②shouldfinish;go2单句改错Itisurgentthatthepatientissenttohospital.答案第二个is-shouldbe■后讲beurgentforsbtodosth对某人来说,做某事是紧急的Itsurgentthat是很紧迫的urgentmessage/signal紧急通知/紧急信号urgentmatter当务之急urgentlyadv.紧急地,急迫地特别提醒用于Itsurgentthat.・.句型中时,从句要用ushould+匕”结构的虚拟语气,should可以省略rmsorrytodisturbyoubutitsurgentthatIspeakwithLiHua.抱歉打扰您了,我有急事和李华说
③suffervi.vt.遭受痛苦,感到疼痛Pio先练1单句语法填空
①Hesufferalotofpainnow.
②LaterheworkedinAfricawherepeoplesufferedblindnessforlackofpropertreatment.答案
①issuffering
②from2单句改错Hesufferedpooreyesightandcouldnolongerreadproperly.答案suffered后加from■后讲sufferfrom忍受,遭受sufferhugelosses遭受巨大损失sufferingn.痛苦特别提醒1suffer用作及物动词时,后跟表结果的名词或代词痛苦、损失、批评、情绪等2用作不及物动词时,常跟from连用,后跟表环境、条件等名词或代词各种灾难、饥饿、病症、各种环境以及条件等
④organisevt.组织;安排Pio■■先练1单句语法填空
①Wedonotfullyunderstandhowthebrainorganise.
②Ihadobtainedtheofficialdetailsaboutthebirthoftheorganise.答案
①isorganisedDorganization2单句写作TheyhadHainanIslandthissummerwheretheirpressurewasreleased.今年夏天,他们组织了一次前往海南岛的旅行,在那里他们的压力得到了释放答案anorganisedtripto-后讲1organisedadj.有组织的,系统的anorganisedtripto...有组织地去的旅游2organizationn.组织3organizationaladj.组织的4organiseanactivity组织一次活动特别提醒organise=organize〈美〉,是及物动词,其名词是organization
⑤prefervt.更喜欢;宁愿Pu,先练1单句语法填空
①Thoseboyspreferplayingfootballtostudywhenhavingfreetime.
②RatherthangoshoppingIpreferlearnintheclassroom.答案
①studying
②tolearn2单句写作Workaholicsworkdoanythingelse.工作狂们宁可工作也不做其他的任何事答案preferto;ratherthan-后讲preferencen.偏爱,爱好prefertodosth更喜欢做某事prefertodosthratherthandosth宁愿做某事而不愿做某事preferdoingsthtodoingsth与做某事相比更喜欢做某事preferthat・・更喜欢特别提醒表示“与做某事相比更喜欢做某事”除了用prefertodosthratherthandosth和preferdoingsthtodoingsth夕卜,也可用wouldratherdosththandosth和woulddosthratherthandosth表示
⑥standvt.忍耐,忍受Pu■■先练1单句语法填空
①HowcanyoustandMartycomehomelateallthetime
②Lilycan,tstandworkinanoffice.答案
①coming©working2单句写作Icouldnotpeopleallthetime.课文原句句式梳理仿写训练
1.Whatkindoflifestylesdoyouthinkthemeninthepictureshave你认为图片中的人们有着怎样的生活方式?P8doyouthink/guess是插入语无论疑问词在句中作什么成分,think/guess后面都用陈述句语序WhenwilltheycomeupwithasolutionDoyouguess合并为一句
2.IalwaystakemyportableTVandIsitonthestonewallwhilethedogwalksroundinacircle.我总是随身携带手提电视,坐在石墙上看,小狗则在我身边绕圈p8while作连词用时,可表示
①“在……期间;当……时候”,引导时间状语从句;
②“只要”,引导条件状语从句;
③“虽然;尽管”,引导让步状语从句;
④“而;却”,是并列连词,构成并列句
①wewereswimmingintheriverwesawafishjumpoutofthewater.我们正在河中游泳时,看见一条鱼跃出了水面
②IseewhatyousayIcan,tagreewithyou.虽然我能理解你说的话,但是我不能同意你。