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2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精读含答案FromLatinAmericatoSichuanprovincechilipeppersandtheirfamousburningtastehavebecomeaworldwidesensation(热门)ButhowcouldsomethingthatburnssohotpossiblybeanygoodforpeopleInastudybyresearchersatMarshallUniversityintheUsscientistsmadethefirstcompletedescriptionofcapsaicin(辣椒素)一achemicalfoundinspicychilis—anditsanti-cancerproperties.Althoughcapsaicinisnotnormallyagoodmedicineduetosomenegativepropertiessuchasitsspicyflavorthestudyfoundthattherearewaystobringoutitsanti-cancerbenefitswhileovercomingthesenegatives.Innaturecapsaicinevolvedasadefensemechanisminplantstodriveawayunwantedanimalswhileattractingthosethatcouldspreadtheseedssuchasbirdswhichcannottasteorfeelthespice.FromascientificpointofviewcapsaicinworksbytriggeringapainreceptorcalledTRPV1causingthebodytoreactasifithadactuallytouchedsomethinghotanddangerous.Yetthisnaturalrepellent(驱虫齐U)formostanimalshasinsteadbecomeafavoritefoodformanypeopleoftencalledchiliheads.SowhatisitthatattractshumanstocapsaicinchilipeppersandspicyfoodingeneralBesidesitsmanyhealthbenefits—suchaspainreliefweightlossandbodyheatregulation—peopleloveeatingchilipepperspreciselybecauseithitsthepainreceptorsinjusttherightway.AsScientificAmericannoted:Peopleseemtoenjoy—andactivelyseekout—manyothersensations...thesensationoffallingprovidedbyrollercoastersorskydivingthefeelingsoffearandanxietywhilewatchinghorrormoviesthephysicalpainexperienceduponjumpingintoicywateroreventhefeelingsofsadnessthatcomewhilewatchingatearjerker./Sothenexttimeyoubiteintoahotchilipepperremember:itsnotjusthealthybutfuntoo!WhatcanwelearnfromtheresultofthestudybyresearchersatMarshallUniversityThestudydescribescapsaicinforthefirsttime.Capsaicincontributestothepreventionofcancer.Thereisachemicalcalledcapsaicininspicychilis.Thenegativefeaturesofcapsaicincannotbeovercome.HowdoescapsaicinbenefitplantsItstopsbirdsfromeatingplants.Itcausesmoreseedstobeproduced.Itattractssomeanimalstodistributeseeds.Ithelpsplantssurviveinhotordangeroussituations.HowdoestheauthorprovespicyfoodisfunByillustration.Bystatistics.Bycomparison.Bydefinition.WhatisthepassagemainlyaboutWhysomepeopleenjoyspicyfood.Howchilipeppersaresoburning.Howplantsbenefitfromcapsaicin.Wherecapsaicincanbefound.BCCAAmericanAirlinesannouncedanagreementinmid-Augusttobuy20supersonicOvertureplanesfromBoomSupersonicaUS-basedstart-upcompanyfocusedontheproductionofsupersoniccommercialaircraft.TheOvertureisplannedtotransportbetween65and80passengersatspeedsofover
1.7timesthatofthespeedofsound235km/h-twicethatofthefastesttraditionalcommercialairplaneonthemarkettoday.Theideaofridingaboardaplaneatsupersonicspeedsmightseemlikeascaryone;butinfactitmightevenbesmootherthanflyingonatraditionalairplane.Mostcommercialairlinersflybetween
11.5and12kilometershighintheskybuttheOverturewillflyatabout
18.29kilometersbycomparison.Thehigheraplanefliesthethinnertheairisresultinginlessturbulence颠簸.AsLourdesMauriceamechanicalengineerandadvisortoBoomSupersonicremarkedabouthersupersonicflightontheConcordetheOverturespredecessor:Climbingto60000feetabout
18.29kmwasincrediblysmooth.Therewasnoturbulence.Weknewwewereflyingsupersonicallybutourbodiesdidntgiveusanysigns.”SincethefirstsupersonicflightbytheUSAirForceinOctober1947andthefirstcommercialsupersonicflightin1976thepromiseofsupersonicflighthasbeenanalluringgoal;yetthepathforwardhasseenmanyobstacles.Thebiggestproblemisthatmassivepowerfulsoundwavescalledsonicboomsarecreatedwhenanobjectbreaksthesoundbarrier.Similartothunderthesesonicboomsaredifficulttoignorewhenflyingoverresidentialareas.Besidesnoisepollutiontheuseofsupersonicaircrafthasalsobeencriticizedforishugefuelconsumptionandgreenhousegasemissionsresultinginbansonsupersoniccommercialflightsinmanycountries.SincethelastcommercialsupersonicflightoftheConcordein2003thedreamofsupersonictravelappeareddead.Howeverwithimprovementsbeingmadetosupersonicplanedesignsandfuelefficiencythedreamcouldcomebacktolifeoncemore.WhatdoweknowabouttheOvertureItwillflyashighas1829feet.Itwilltravelmuchfasterthansound.Itwillcarryoutthefirstsupersonicflight.Itwillflyattwicethespeedoftraditionalplanes.WhichisthemainfactorthatdeterminesaplanesstabilityItsflightaltitude.Itstopflightspeed.Itscarryingcapacity.Itsabilitytoreduceturbulence.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordalluring“meaninparagraph6ScientificInviting.C.Demanding.D.EssentialWhichofthefollowingneedsimprovingmostaboutsupersonicfightHugefuelconsumption.Highdevelopmentcosts.Excessivenoisegeneration.Highgreenhousegasemissions.Babc。