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2023名校版高考英语阅读理解精选训练含答案HowcanpeoplespeaktheirmindwithoutsayinganythingThisisaquestionthatscientistshaveaimedtoanswerforalongtime.Researchersrecentlybroughtanupgradeddevicethatcantranslateusersbrainwavesintodailyspeech.PreviouslytheteamledbyEdwardChangattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanFranciscodevelopedanAl-basedsystemthatcanidentifyupto50commonlyusedwordsbasedontheparticipantsbrainwaves.Theparticipantwasaparalyzed(瘫痪的)manwhohadbeenimplantedwith16electrodes(电极)underhisskull.AccordingtotheirpaperpublishedinNovembertheteamupgradedthesystemwhichcannowtranslatethoughtsintocompletesentencesonacomputerscreen.Theirtestsshowedthatthedevicecoulddecodesilentlyspokenlettersfromalz152-wordvocabularyataspeedofabout29charactersperminute.Theaccuracywasupto94percent.Itshowsstrongpromiseforrestoringcommunicationbytappingintothebrain7snaturalspeechmachinery/7Changsaidtotheuniversitysnewswebsite.Howeverthismethodcanstillbeproblematicsinceusersstillneedtoundergosurgery.ScientistsattheUniversityofTexasUShavetriedtotranslatepeoplesthoughtswithouteventouchingtheirheadsreportedLiveScience.ThenewtechniqueiscalledfMRIorfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(功能性磁共振成像).Itsasaferwayof“readingbrainactivity.Activebraincellshavemoreoxygen.Bytrackingthesecellsscientistscantranslatebrainactivity.Theteamaskedparticipantstolistentol6hoursofradioshowswhilescanningtheirbrains.Thentheyusedacomputeralgorithm(算法)tocreateastorybasedonthefMRIrecording.Itmatchedtheradioshowsprettywell.Alsothealgorithmcouldbasicallyexplainthestoryofasilentmoviethattheparticipantswatched.Theteamaimstodevelopthistechnologysothatitcanbeusedinbrain-computerinterfaces(月囱机接口)designedforpeoplewhocannotspeakortype.WhatdoweknowaboutthedevicementionedinPara2Itwasimplantedintoaman7sheart.Itcanhelprestorepatients7lostmemory.Itwasdevelopedthroughcooperation.Itcanidentifyabout50rarelyusedwords.HowdoesfMRIreadpeoplesmindsBytrackingtheiractivebraincells.Byputtingelectrodesintotheirbrains.Byrecordingtheirreactiontoradioshows.Bymatchingtheirbrainactivitywiththeirhabits.WhyisfMRIchosencomparedtothefirstdevicementionedinthestoryA.It7scheaper.B・Itsmoreaccurate.C.Itzssmallerinsize.D.Itssafer.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutfMRIfromthelasttwoparagraphsItcanonlyreadwhatparticipantshear.Itcanbeusedinbrain-computerinterfaces.Itcanreadeverydetailofparticipants7minds.Itcannotworkoutwhatpeopleimagineintheirheads.CADBTherehavebeennumerousattemptstocreateanall-plasticbike.Butmosthaveneverpassedthroughtheprototypestage(原始阶段).IgusaGermany-basedmanufacturerofhigh-performanceplasticsandDutchstart-upMTRLaimtochangethatwiththeigus:bike—theworld7sfirsturbanbikecraftedalmostentirelyfromrecycledplastic.IgusCEOFrankBlasefirstgottheideawhilevacationingonaFloridabeachin
2009.Aconversationwithsomeemployeesfromarentalcompanymadehimawareofthechallengesofmaintainingbeachbicycles.Thecontinuousexposuretosandwindandsaltwatercausedthebikestorustrapidly.Manyhadtobereplacedinonlythreemonths.Theigus:bikeunveiledataGermantradeshowismaintainableandrust-free.Itcanbeleftoutdoorsinallweathersanddoesnotrequirelubricantoil(润滑油)toreducefrictionbetweenparts.Sinceitdoesnotattractsanddustordirtthebikecanbecleanedwithagardenhose(水管)inseconds./zAsallcomponentsaremadeofplasticnopartofthebikerustseventhegears-bicyclegearsmadeofplasticwereunthinkableforalongtime“Blasesays.Theigus:bikewillalsohelpcombattheworldsplasticpollution.Thecompanysaysasingleadultbikegivesnewlifetoabout16kilogramsofsingle-useplasticthatwouldotherwisechokeourlandfillsorwaterways.Currently90percentoftheigus:bikeismadeusingrecycledplastic.Thisincludesthebicycle7sframebearingspedalsandwheelrims.IgusandMTRLbelievefutureversionswillbemadeentirelyfromrecycledplastic./zFromoceanplasticstomotionplastics-theigus:bikeconcepthaswhatittakestobecomeahigh-techecologicalproduct/saysMTRLco-founderBenjaminAlderseBaas.Theplasticbikesareexpectedtocomeontothemarketinearly
2023.AnadultmodelmadeentirelyfromrecycledplasticwillcostaboutE
1400.Aslightlycheaperversionmadeusingnewplasticandanelectricbikearealsointheworks.Igusalsoplansonsharingitstechnologywithotherbicyclemanufacturers.WhatmakesIgusCEOFrankBlaseseektocreatetheigus:bikeHisholidayinginFloridalastyear.Theconversationbetweenhimandsomebicyclers.Thetroubleofkeepingbeachbicyclesingoodcondition.Theprolongedexposureofbikesonthebeach.Whatcanwelearnabouttheigus:bikefromthetextItwillcertainlysellwell.Itneedstobemoreportable.Itcanbeusedeverywhereandfreely.Itisrustlessandcleanseasily.WhatisthetextmainlyaboutAbikemadefromrecycledplastics.Howtomakerust-freebikes.Anexcellentbicyclemanufacturer.Howtomaintainbeachbikes.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthefutureplasticbikesTheywillbecheaperandlighter.Theywillbemorehigh-techecological.Theywillbecraftedfromonlyrecycledplastics.Theywillbeusedwidelyallovertheworld.cdac。