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Unit2Illhelptocleanupthecityparks.课时5SectionB3a-SelfCheckLearningaims:.复习动词不定式的不同用法掌握生词interestsirmadamo.能够用英语表述常见的志愿活动,并就自己喜欢的志愿活动发表看法重点词汇和短语.打扫干净.(使)变得更高兴;振奋起来.分发;散发.放弃.张贴.推迟.打电话给(某人).修理;解决.赠送;捐赠.建立;设立.帮助解决困难.用完.想出;提出答案cleanup
2.cheerup
3.giveout
4.giveup
5.putup
6.putoff
7.callup
8.fixup
9.giveaway
10.setup
11.helpoutwithsth
12.runoutofhisbasket.”可知,结合句子结构分析,此句为定语从句,先行词为people指人,关系代词故用who故选C句意许多学生和家长也来展览会捐款donated捐赠;coached训练;set放;reported报告根据Manystudentsandtheirfamiliescametothefairand...money.WehaveraisedalotofmoneyforSunnyHouseOldPeoplesHome.”可知,其他人也来捐款故选Ao
四、阅读理解TerryFoxwasonlyseventeenwhenhegotcancer(癌症).Hemusthavefelthopelesswhenthedoctorsaidhisrightlegwouldhavetobecutoff6inches(英寸)abovetheknee.ButtoeveryonessurpriseTerryFoxmadeuphismindtobecomealong-distance(长距离的)runneranddosomethingaboutthecancer.Whatadream!AlthoughitseemedimpossibleTerrydecidedtorunacrossthewholecountry.Hehopedtoraiseonemilliondollarsforcancerresearch.Fewpeoplebelievedhewouldmakeit.AnywayonApril121980TerryFoxbeganhisMarathonofHope.ForthefirstfewdaysofhismarathonTerryFoxwasalone.Hestartedrunningat4:30am.Daybydaypeoplebegantorealizethatsomethingbigwashappeningonthelonelyroad.AspeoplesawTerrytheystoppedanddonated(捐赠)moneyforcancerresearch.Howeverhishealthtookarapidturnfortheworseseveralmonthslater.HehadtogiveuphismarathononSeptember
11980.Terrydiedthreemonthslaterattheageof
22.Inhisshortlifeheraised$24millionforcancerresearch-onedollarforeachpersoninhismotherland.SincehisdeaththeyearlyTerryFoxRunfirstheldin1981hasgrowntobetheworldslargestone一dayfundraiser(募捐活动)forcancerresearch.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2meanA.Thedreamwasverystrange.B.Itwassuchasillydream.C.Thedreamwaseasytoachieve.D.Itwasalmostanimpossibledream.Terrygaveuphismarathonin1980because.A.hefoundittootiringB.nobodysupportedhimC.hewastoosicktocontinueD.heraisedenoughmoneyWhendidTerryFoxgetcancerHowmuchmoneydidTerryraiseforcancerresearchinhisshortlifeA.$
2.4million.B.$24billion.C.$24million.D.$
2.4billion.WhatisthewriterspurposeinwritingthepassageTotelluswhenTerryFoxRunwasfirstheld.Totellusnottogiveupwhenfacingdifficulties.Toadviseustodonatemoneyforcancerresearch.TocallonustotakepartinMarathonofHope.【答案】
21.D
22.C
23.A
24.C
25.B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述了特里・福克斯因得癌症而截肢,但是他决心要成为一名长跑运动员,并为癌症筹款,他坚持不懈,最终实现了人生价值,自从他去世后,一年一度的特里・福克斯长跑于1981年首次举办,现已发展成为世界上最大的癌症研究筹资活动.词句猜测题根据AlthoughitseemedimpossibleTerrydecidedtorunacrossthewholecountry.可知,尽管这似乎不可能但特里还是决定跑遍全国,划线处“Whatadream!”是指这几乎是不可能实现的梦想故选Do.细节理解题根据Howeverhishealthtookarapidturnfortheworseseveralmonthslater.HehadtogiveuphismarathononSeptember
11980.”可知,是因为他身体健康状况的恶化故选Co.推理判断题根据TerryFoxwasonlyseventeenwhenhegotacancer和HehadtogiveuphismarathononSeptember
11980.Terrydiedthreemonthslaterattheageof
22.”可知,1980年,22岁他去世了故推测得癌症时1975年故选A.细节理解题根据“Inhisshortlifeheraised$24millionfbrcancerresearch―onedollarforeachpersoninhismotherland.”可知,他为癌症研究筹集了2400万美元故选C.主旨大意题全文通篇介绍了特里・福克斯坚持不懈,为自己的梦想而努力,最终实现了自己的人生价值,告诉我们面对困难不要放弃故选B
五、阅读填空根据短文内容,用括号中所给词的适当形式填空DearMissYangrdliketothankyoufbr26raisemoneyforAnimalHelpersagroupthatwassetup27helpdisabledpeople.Youhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohave“Happy.Happy“makesabigdifferencetomylife.Letme28tellyoumystory.“Happy“isaspecial29trainmonkeyforthedisabled.Itisagoodnameforhim.I30feelveryhappytohavehim.Beingunabletousemyhandseasilyisthemain31difficultIface.“Happy”helpsmetodomanythingslikeopeningandshuttingthedoors32carrythingsandevenansweringthetelephone.He33cheermeupalot.rilsendyouaphotoofhimandIcould34showyouhowhehelpsmethesedays.IthankyouagainforsupportingAnimalHelpers^^andfor35changemylife.YoursLeahWhite【答案】.raising
27.tohelp
28.tell
29.trained
30.feel.difficulty
32.carrying
33.cheers
34.show
35.changing【分析】本文是LeahWhite写给MissYang的一封信,信中感谢MissYang对“动物助手”的支持,并向她介绍了自己的小助手“Happy”.句意我非常感谢你给动物帮手筹钱for是介词,介词后加动名词,raise“筹集”,动名词形式为raisingo故填raising
0.句意动物帮手是为了帮助残疾人而建立的组织此处表目的,用tdo不定式故填tohelp.句意让我告诉你我的故事根据结构“让某人做某事letsbdosth.可知此处用动词原形故填tello.句意Happy是一只为残疾人特别训练的猴子此处修饰名词monkey“猴子”要用形容词,train“训练”与“monkey”为动宾关系,此处用形容词trained故填trained.句意拥有他让我很开心此处表示现在的状态,用一般现在时,主语I为第一人称,动词用原形故填feeL.句意目前我面临的主要困难是不能轻松地使用我的手形容词main“主要的”修饰名词,形容词difficult“困难的”名词是difficultyo故填difficultyo.句意Happy帮我做很多事情,比如开门、关门、搬运东西,甚至是接电话like”例如”是介词,介词后加动名词,carry动名词是carrying故填carrying.句意他让我振奋了很多此处表示客观事实,所以时态应用一般现在时,主语He为单三,谓语动词也用单三故填cheers.句意我将给你发一张他的照片,给你展示他是如何帮我的情态动词could后加动词原形故填showo.句意再一次感谢你支持动物帮手,并感谢你帮助我的生活介词for后加动名词,change改变”,动名词是changing故填changing一动词不定式动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to不是介词,而是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词,动词不定式没有人称和数的变化动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语,在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等本单元主要学习其作宾语、状语、宾补的用法♦动词不定式的形式及性质1动词不定式的基本形式todoto有时可省略;2动词不定式变否定nottodo;3动词不定式无人称变化;4动词不定式仍保留动词特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语呀tospeakatthemeeting在会议上发言toreadnewspapers看报纸♦动词不定式的句法作用
一、作宾语动词不定式短语可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语,能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有beginwantrememberagreelearnlikedecidefailpretenddemandrefuse等甘Youmustlearntolookafteryourself.你必须学着照顾自己甘Theyvolunteertocleanupthehousefortheoldlady.他们自愿给老人打扫房子囱Theywouldliketocomebybus.他们想乘公共汽车来
二、作宾语补足语幽ItellhimtoarriveonSunday.我让他周日到达甘LiLeiaskedhisdeskmatetohelphimwithEnglish.李磊请同桌帮他学英语的Theteacheraskedthestudentstoreaditagain.那个老师让学生们又把它读了一遍动词不定式作宾语补足语,表示宾语所做的动作,可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有tellaskwantlikeinviteencouragehelp等但在seewatchhearfeelnotice等感官动词或letmakehave等使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式一般要省略动词不定式符号“to”,可以归纳为以下三种句式:.不可以省to的不定式作宾语补足语tell/ask/want/wouldlike/wish/suppose/invite/encourage/teach/dependon等+sb+todosth律Theteachertoldustocomeearliertomorrow.老师告诉我们明天早点来Herparentswishhertobeateacher.她的父母希望她成为一名教师.省“to”的不定式作宾语补足语Let/make/have+sb+dosthgLettheboygooutnow.让那个男孩现在出去gTheymadethechildrenplaythepiano6hoursadaylastmonth.上个月他们让这些孩子每天弹6个小时的钢琴学科网see/watch/hear/notice/feel+sb+dosthIheardthemarguethismorning.今天早上我听到他们吵架了强调整个过程【注意】
①help带不带to均可以斯Ioftenhelpmymothertodohousework.我经常帮助妈妈做家务
②此类动词后用不带t的不定式作宾补,当变被动时,必须还原to由WilliamisoftenseentoplayChinesekungfuinthepark.人们常看到威廉在公园练中国功夫
4.否定形式1动词不定式的否定式是直接在to前加上not曲Tellthemnottoplayfootballinthestreet.2省to的动词不定式的否定式是直接在动词前面加notLettheboynotgo.不要让那个男孩走Mymotheroftentellsmeatschool.A.notfightB.notfightingC.dontfightD.nottofight【答案】D【详解】句意我妈妈经常告诉我不要在学校打架考查动词不定式作宾语补足语tellsb.todosth”告诉某人不要做某事“,动词不定式作宾语补足语,固定短语,故选D
三、作状语1作目的状语帝Hestoppedtohavearest.他停下来休息强调动词不定式所表示的目的时,动词不定式可用inorderto或soasto+动词原形,soasto不可用于句首律Thebusstoppedsoastopickuppassengers.公共汽车停下来以便接乘客
(2)作结果状语由Hewokeuponlytofindeverybodygone.他醒来时才发现所有的人都走了口HisgrandmalivedtoseetheliberationofChina.他奶奶活至U了中国解放-Heisoldenoughtogotoschool他年龄足够大了可以去上学了
(3)在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后作原因状语的Improudtohavetakenpartinthecompetitions很荣幸参加了这些竞赛帚ImhappytohavefoundmanythingsIcando.很高兴找到了很多我能做的事Youneedtochangelivebetter.A.inorderthatB.inordertoC.sothatD.inorder【答案】B【详解】句意为了生活得更好,你需要改变考查inorderto的用法inorderthat为了,后跟目的状语从句;inorderto为了,后加动词短语;sothat为了;后跟B的状语从句;inorder整齐根据Youneedtochange…livebetter.”可知是为了生活得更好,且空后是动词短语,故选B♦动词不定式可以和whatwhichhowwherewhen等特殊疑问词连用所ThequestionisIdontknowwhentostart.问题是我不知道什么时候开始防Youdonotknowwhattodoandhowtodoit.你不知道要去做什么或者怎么做
(二)动词短语短语动词是一种固定词组,由动词加介词或副词等构成,其作用相当于一个动词♦构成常见的形式有
1.动词+副词,如putup.动词+介词如lookat.动词+副词+介词,如runoutof.动词+名词+介词,如takecareof♦动词+副词
(1)常见的相当于及物动词的这类短语动词有cheerup(振奋起来),cleanup(打扫干净),setup(建立),putup(搭建,张贴),cutup(切碎),fixup(修理)workout(算出),giveout(分发),giveaway(赠送),thinkover(仔细思考),turnover(把翻过来)handin(上交)等【注意】此类短语相当于及物动词时,后面必须跟宾语,若名词作宾语,可以放在副词前面或后面,但代词作宾语时,必须置于副词之前仞U
1.Itsdangerousfbrpeoplethemobilephonewhentheycrossthestreet.A.lookatB.lookingatC.tolookatD.lookedat【答案】C【详解】句意人们过马路时看手机是很危险的考查非谓语动词lookat看,根据句型itisdangerousforsbtodosth“某人做某事是危险的”可知,空缺处应该用动词不定式作主语,故选CIhavenopaper.CouldyougivemeapieceofpaperA.towriteinB.writeinC.towriteonD.writeon【答案】c【详解】句意:我没有纸你能给我一张纸写字吗?考查非谓语动词towritein写在里面;writein写在里面;towriteon写在上面;writeon写在上面,根据空前的“givemeapieceofpaper”可知,应该用动词不定式作后置定语,排除B和D由“apieceofpaper”可知,应该是在纸上写字,用towriteon排除A故选Co
(2)常见的相当于不及物动词的这类短语动词有getup(起床),startoff(动身),comeback(回来),getdown(下来),holdon(等一下;别挂断),lookout(当心,小心),getaway(逃离)等动词+介词这种结构的短语动词在句中作谓语时,后面必须接宾语常见的有lookfor(寻找),standfor(代表),waitfor(等待),payfor(付费)sendfor(派人去请),takeafter(像)hearfrom(收到的来信)hearof(听说),dependon(依靠)等动词+副词+介词这种短语动词相当于及物动词,介词后面须跟宾语常见的有addupto(总共是)catchupwith(赶上),lookdownupon(瞧不起)runoutof(耗尽,用光)动词+名词+介词这种短语动词相当于及物动词,后面需接宾语,有时名词前可以加形容词修饰常见的有makefunof(取笑),makeuseof(利用)payattentionto(注意),takecareof(照顾)等【注意】这类短语动词后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词,都要放在介词之后Heistakingcareofhislittlebrother.他在照顾他弟弟Weshouldntmakefunofothers我们不应该嘲笑他人
一、单项选择.Heinvitedhertohisbirthdaypartybutsherefused.A.togoB.goingC.togoingD.go【答案】A【详解】句意他邀请她参加他的生日聚会,但她拒绝去考查动词短语refusetodosth.意为“拒绝做某事”,空处应填动词不定式todo故选A.Hewarnsmeintheriver.A.nottoswimB.notswimmingC.notswimD.noswim【答案】A【详解】句意他警告我不要在河里游泳考查动词短语warnsb.nottodosth.意为“警告某人不要做某事”,考查应填nottodo故选A.Therearesomanykindsofmobilephoneshere.Icantdecide.A.whattobuyB.tobuywhatC.whichtobuyD.tobuywhich【答案】c【详解】句意这里有这么多种手机我不能决定买哪一种考查“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语whattobuy买什么;tobuywhat错误表达;whichtobuy买哪一个;tobuywhich错误表达根据Therearesomanykindsofmobilephoneshere.”可知,此处指手机种类很多,因此不知道要买哪一种,应用疑问词which来表示“哪•种哪一个,故选C一Idliketomyfoodtomyclassmateswhentheyarehungry.——Youaresokind.【答案】c【详解】句意——当我的同学饿了的时候,我想把我的食物分给他们——你是如此的善良考查动词短语getup起床;eatup吃光;giveout分发;getout泄露根据“myfoodtomyclassmateswhentheyarehungry”和“Youaresokind”可知,这里表示把食物分给同学故选CoThedoctorsdidwhattheycouldthegirlwhocaughtCovid-
19.A.tosaveB.savingC.saveD.saved【答案】A【详解】句意医生们竭尽全力抢救了感染新冠肺炎的女孩考查非谓语分析句子结构可知,空处作目的状语,应用不定式形式,故选A
二、用所给单词适当形式填空MomwhencanIlearnpaint【答案】topaint【详解】句意妈妈,我什么时候可以学画画learntodosth”学习做某事”故填topaintIthinkbookscanmakeabigdifferenttous.【答案】difference【详解】句意我认为书会对我有很大影响根据“makeabig…tous”可知,此处缺少一个名词,结合所给英文提示,different不同的为形容词,其名词为differenceo故填differenceoTherearemanyplacesofinterestwecouldvisitinBeijing.【答案】interest【详解】句意在北京我们能够参观许多名胜古迹placesofinteres俨名胜古迹”故填interestHewassoexcitewhenheheardthenews.【答案】excited【详解】句意当他听到这个新闻时他是如此的兴奋根据Hewasso…whenheheardthenews.”和单词提示可知,设空处前面有be动词was故空处应用形容词作表语,主语是he表示人故填excitedYoucan9timaginehowmanydifficultwemet.【答案】difficulties【详解】句意你无法想象我们遇到了多少难题根据空前howmany“多少”可知,空处用可数名词的复数形式,形容词difficult变形为difficultiesdifficulty表示“困难”为不可数名词,表示“难题”为可数名词故填difficultieso
三、完形填空ThankyoufbrallyourhardworklastweekendraisingmoneyfbrSunnyHouseOldPeoplesHome.Weall11agreattimeanditwasnicetoseealotofnewvolunteers!Hereiswhatwe12lastweekend.OnSaturdaysomevolunteerswenttoSunnyHouseOldPeoplesHome.FionaandTom13someoftheoldpeople.DavidJohnandAlicemadeteafor
14.SamplayedthepianoandSallywashedtheladies9hair.Intheeveningweputonacharity15fortheoldpeople.Itmadethemvery16GraceplayedtheviolinandNicksangsongs.Someoftheoldpeoplesangalongwiththem.OnSundayweheldafairontheschoolplayground.Inthemorningwe17fooddrinksandsomeotherthingsforthefair.NancyandAnnhelpedoneanothertobuyfruitfortheirstalls.LeoandPiphelpedoneanotherto18oldbooksmagazinesandcomicsfortheirstalls.AmyandTomhelpedeachotherdecorate(装饰)theirstalls.IntheafternoonNancysoldfruitsaladandAnnsoldfruitjuice.LeoandPipsoldoldbooksmagazinesandcomics.Johandedoutflags.Hegavetheflagstopeople19puttheirdonationsintohisbasket.Manystudentsandtheirfamiliescametothefairand20money.WehaveraisedalotofmoneyfbrSunnyHouseOldPeoplesHome.Thankyou!【导语】本文主要讲述了上周的筹款活动,在活动中志愿者们还和老人下象棋,举办慈善演出等,周日还举办了展览,吸引了许多人捐款句意我们都玩得很开心,很高兴看到很多新的志愿者found发现;had有;spent花时间;took带all...greattimeanditwasnicetoseealotofnewvolunteers!”可知,我们玩得高兴玩得高兴“haveagoodtime”为固定搭配,此处用过去式had故选B
12.句意这是我们上周末所做的did做;ate吃;saw看;had有根据“Hereiswhatwe...lastweekend.”可知,此处表达我们上周所做的do做”变为过去式did故选A.句意菲奥娜和汤姆陪一些老人下棋fixedup修理;madefunof取笑;playedchesswith和下象棋;tookafter像根据OnSaturdaysomevolunteerswenttoSunnyHouseOldPeoplesHome.FionaandTom...someoftheoldpeople.”可知,作为志愿者应该是和老人一起玩故选C.句意大卫、约翰和爱丽丝为每位老人沏茶nobody没有人;oneself自己;someone有人;everyone每个人根据“DavidJohnandAlicemadeteafor.…”可知,为每个人都沏茶故选D.句意晚上我们为老人们举办了一场慈善演出class班;show演出;website网址;advertisement广告根据“weputonacharity...fortheoldpeople”可知,这里为慈善演出故选B.句意这让他们很开心happy开心的;similar相似的;scared恐怖的;sleepy困倦的根据“Itmadethemvery.及“GraceplayedtheviolinandNicksangsongs.Someoftheoldpeoplesangalongwiththem.”可知,老人们是开心的故选Ao.句意早上,我们为展览会筹备了食物、饮料和其他一些东西borrowed借;repaired修理;organized组织,筹备;imagined想象根据Inthemorningwe...fboddrinksandsomeotherthingsfdrthefair.”可知,为了展览会,应该是筹备故选C;.句意里奥和皮普互相帮忙为他们的摊位收集旧书、杂志和漫画write写;fill装满;buy买;collect收集根据“LeoandPiphelpedoneanotherto...oldbooks可知为他们的摊位收集旧书、杂志和漫画故选D.句意他把这些旗子送给那些把捐款放进他篮子里的人what什么;where哪里;who谁;when什么时候根据Hegavetheflagstopeople...puttheirdonationsinto
11.A.foundB.hadC.spentD.took
12.A.didB.ateC.sawD.had
13.A.fixedupB.madefunofC.playedchesswithD.tookafter
14.A.nobodyB.oneselfC.someoneD.everyone
15.A.classB.showC.websiteD.advertisement
16.A.happyB.similarC・scaredD.sleepy
17.A.borrowedB.repairedC.organizedD.imagined
18.A.writeB.fillC.buyD.collect
19.A.whatB.whereC.whoD.when
20.A.donatedB.coachedC.setD・reported【答案】
11.B
12.A
13.C
14.D
15.B
16.A
17.C
18.D
19.C
20.A。