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第9节特殊句式E真题诊断【单句语法填空】Itcouldbeanything-gardeningcookingmusicsports一butwhateveritismakesureitsarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.2016•全国II答案make解析考查祈使句中的动词分析句子结构可知,此处为祈使句,故谓语动词应使用动词原形Therebethreelessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.真题改编答案are解析根据句子结构来判断,此处应为Therebe句型,意为“有……”句意为在上午有三节课,下午有两节课故填are名师点津:特殊句式在语法填空中的审题要诀固定句式很重要,标记词汇要记牢强调句中看句式,出现itis/was要盯梢副词置于句首时,否定意义风向标考点一强调句
1.强调句的基本句型是“Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分”被强调部分可以是主语、宾语或状语等
2.强调句的特殊句式1列1Youarewaitingatawrongplace.ltisatthehotelthecoachpicksuptourists.答案that解析句意为你等错地方了长途客车是在宾馆接的游客原句去掉itis及填空处后仍是一个完整的句子,因此是一个强调句,填that考点二倒装
1.不要把全部倒装误用作部分倒装1当表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首时,句子用全部倒装2当作表语的介词短语、形容词、副词或分词置于句首时,句子用全部倒装Saltwaterisdenserthanordinarytapwater.Thedensertheliquidistheeasieritisforanobjecttofloatinit.Whenyoulowertheeggintotheliquiditdropsthroughthenormaltapwateruntilitreachesthesaltwaterandatthispointthewaterisdenseenoughfortheeggtofloat.Ifyouwerecarefulwhenyouaddedthetapwatertothesaltwatertheywouldnotmixenablingtheeggtoamazinglyfloatinthemiddleoftheglass..WhichofthefollowingistheCORRECTorder
①Mixinlotsofsalt.
②Gentlylowertheeggintothewater.©Carefullypourinplainwateruntiltheglassisnearlyfull.©Pourwaterintotheglassuntilitisabouthalffull.A.
④②①③C.
①④③②答案B解析细节排序题根据Instructions部分中的“Pourwaterintotheglassuntilitisabouthalffull.”和uGentlylowertheeggintothewaterandwatchwhathappens.可知,往杯子里倒半杯水是第一个步骤,而轻轻把鸡蛋放进水里,观察结果是最后一个步骤,故选BWhatwillhappenifyoudropaneggintoaglassofwaterwithabout6tablespoonsofsaltA.Itwillfloatinthewater.B.Itwillsinktothebottom.Nothingwillhappen.Theresultisnotknown.答案A解析推理判断题根据最后一^殳中的“Thedensertheliquidistheeasieritisforanobjecttofloatinit.”和最后一句Ifyouwerecarefulwhenyouaddedthetapwatertothesaltwatertheywouldnotmixenablingtheeggtoamazinglyfloatinthemiddleoftheglass.v可推知,鸡蛋放入盐水里会浮起来WhycantheeggfloatinthewateraccordingtothepassageA.Becauseordinarytapwaterisdenserthansaltwater.BBecauseordinarytapwaterisasdenseassaltwater.Becausethedensertheliquidistheeasieritisforanobjecttofloatinit.Becausethemoretheliquidthereistheeasieritisforanobjecttofloatinit.答案C解析细节理解题根据最后一段中的“Saltwaterisdenserthanordinarytapwater.Thedensertheliquidistheeasieritisforanobjecttofloatinit.可知,液体的密度越大,物体越容易漂浮,而鸡蛋能够在盐水中浮起来是因为盐水的密度大,故选CIII.七选五(2018•江西新余二模)Manypeoplethinkofguysasbeingcarefreewhenitcomestotheirappearance.Butinfactalotofguysspendplentyoftimeinfrontofthemirror.Theycarejustasmuchasgirlsdoabouttheirbodyimage.Bodyimageisapersonsopinionsandfeelingsabouthisorherownbodyandphysicalappearance._28Youappreciateyourbodyforitscapabilitiesandacceptitsimperfections.29Herearesomeideas.Recognizeyourstrengths.Differentbodytypesaregoodfordifferentthings.WhatdoesyourbodydowellMaybeyourspeedstrengthorcoordinationmakesyoubetterthanothersatacertainsport.Thatmaybebasketballtabletennismountainbikingdancingorevenrunning.Orperhapsyouhavenon-sportsskillslikedrawingpaintingsingingplayingamusicalinstrumentwritingoracting.30Exerciseregularly.Exercisecanhelpyoulookwellandfeelgoodaboutyourself.Goodphysiques(体形)dontjusthappen.31Ahealthyhabitcanbeassimpleasexercising20minutesto1hourthreedaysaweek.Workingoutcanalsoliftyourspirits.Respectyourbody.Practicinggoodhabits-regularshowering;takingcareofyourteethhairandskin;wearingcleanclothesandsoon-canhelpyoubuildapositivebodyimage.32Yourbodyisjustonepartofwhoyouare.Yourtalentforcomedyaquickwit(智慧),andalltheotherthingsmakeyouunique.Sotrynottoletsmallimperfectionstakeover.Beyourself.Justexploretalentsthatyoufeelgoodabout.SowhatcanyoudotodevelopapositivebodyimageUsethisasanopportunitytodiscoverwhatyouregoodat.Thegoodnewsisthatself-imageandbodyimagecanbechanged.Theytakehardworkregularworkoutsandahealthydiet.Havingapositivebodyimagemeansfeelingsatisfiedwiththewayyoulook.语篇解读男孩其实和女孩一样很在意自己的形象,本文就如何才能有好的形象提出了几点建议.答案G解析空前的意思是身体形象是一个人对自己的身体和面貌特征的看法和想法空后的意思是你欣赏你身体的能力并接受它的不足所以这里选G(有积极的体象意味着我们对于自己的长相是满意的)与上下文一致.答案C解析空后的意思是这里有一些建议所以这里选C(所以为了发展一个健康的形象你可以做什么?)与上下文一致.答案B解析空前的意思是或许你有非运动技巧,像画画、唱歌、玩乐器、写作或者表演所以这里选B(只需探索你感觉好的天赋)与上下文一致.答案F解析空前的意思是好的身材不会凭空就会有空后的意思是健康的习惯是像一周三天二十分钟到一个小时的锻炼时间这样简单所以这里选F(好的身体需要努力、有规律的锻炼和健康的饮食)与上下文一致.答案A解析该空为段落小标题空后的意思是你的身体只是你自己的一部分不要被一些小缺点所掌控所以这里选A(做你自己)与上下文一致⑶直接引语置于句首时,句子也用全部倒装
2.不要把部分倒装误用作全部倒装1当否定词以及由no构成的否定短语置于句首时用部分倒装2当“only+状语从句”置于句首时,句子用部分倒装3在so...that・.that…句式中当〃so+形容词/副词”或“such+名词”位于句首时其后的句子用部分倒装4当as/though表示“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句时用部分倒装though引导的让步状语从句也可以不倒装5在含有had/were/should的if虚拟条件句中,可以省略if将had/were/should放在主语前,构成部分倒装6当表示前面所说的肯定或否定情况也适用于另一个人或事物时,常用“so或neither/nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”,表示“……也是或也不……”例2NotuntilthenIrealizewordscouldbepowerfulinbothpositiveandnegativeways.Weshouldavoidhurtingothersifwecantalwaysbeencouragingwhenwespeak.答案did解析notuntil引导的状语置于句首,主句要部分倒装根据题干可知本句原为Ididntrealizewordscouldbepowerful...untilthen.如果要倒装,贝I为NotuntilthendidIrealizewordscouldbepowerful...o因此要填did考点三Therebe及其他特殊结构.不要把therebe句型误用作therehave/haso.在一些固定句式中,不要把therebe中的there误用作it常见的therebe句型有Thereisnoneed/doubt/possibility/sense/point/...o.状语从句的省略当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语为it且从句谓语动词含有be动词时,可省略状语从句的主语和be动词f条件句的省略:用so或not代替上文内容,此时可用“ifso/not”省略句式其他类似结构还有ifeverifanyifpossible等例3Therebeabiglibraryinourschool.答案is解析句意为我们学校有一个很大的图书馆这里用therebe句型,表示“有,存在没有therehave/has句型r专项训练I.单句语法填空-WasBillwhoplayedbasketballverywellhelpedtheblindmancrosstheroad一Yesofcourse.Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.答案it;that解析句意为——比尔篮球打得非常好是他帮助那个盲人过马路的吗?——是的,当然是他总是乐意帮助别人第一句为强调句的一般疑问句形式,即Is/Wasit+被强调部分+that+其他成分?ItwasnotuntilwehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeksIfoundwehadalotincommon.答案that解析强调的内容是notuntil引导的时间状语从句句意为我们在一起几周后,我才发现我们之间有很多共同之处Itrainedheavilyovernightandnotuntilthismorningitstop.答案did解析句意为大雨下了一整夜,直到今天早晨才停了下来notuntil…置于句首,后面的句子需用倒装形式,本句介绍的是过去的事情,需用一般过去时,故设空处填didTryhardImightIcanattachnodefinitemeaningtothisrathercomplicatedsentence.答案as/though解析根据句子结构可知本题考查as/though引导让步状语从句引起的倒装其中的名词/形容词/副词/动词提前句意为尽管我尽力去做,我仍不能明确这个复杂句子的含义inthiswaywillyouknowhowtoarrangeyourtimeandtospendyourtimeproperly.答案Only解析句意为只有用这种方法你才会知道如何安排你的时间以及如何正确使用你的时间Only+状语”置于句首时,后面的句子用部分倒装Justinfrontofourhousestandatalltreewithahistoryof1000years.答案stands/stood解析表示地点的介词短语Justinfrontofourhouse置于句首,且句子的主语为名词,故句子要完全倒装,即主语atalltree要放在谓语之后,本空填stands或stoodoThereisahouseneartheriver.Therelivesamaninthehouseandtherebealotoffishintheriver.答案are解析此处表示河里有很多鱼此处fish指的是鱼不是鱼肉,fish单复数同形,故谓语动词用复数areSomeofyoumayhavefinishedUnitOne.If,youcangoontoUnitTwo.答案so解析代替上面的情况,用so;ifso如果这样的话句意为你们中的一些人已经完成了第一单元如果这样的话,你们可以继续第二单元OnlyaftertalkingtotwostudentsdoIdiscoverthathavingstrongmotivationisoneofthebiggestfactorsinreachinggoals.答案did解析句意为在与两位学生谈过之后我才发现,有强烈的动机是实现目标的最大的因素之一Only+状语”位于句首,句子要部分倒装根据句子的时态,应填didVideogamescanbeapoorinfluenceifleaveinthewronghands.答案left解析句意为电子游戏如果使用不当就会产生不良影响leave与其逻辑主语videogames之间是动宾关系,故用过去分词形式ifleft…是状语从句的省略形式故应填leftn.语法填空——倒装专练There
11.beagirlnamedCinderellawhosestepmotherhadtwouglyandlazydaughters.Notonlydidtheygetgoodcaresbutalsotheyneededtodonothing.However
12.bydoingdirtyhouseworkcouldCinderellagetaccesstofood;andseldomcouldshe
13.gainsomerest.Not
14.midnightwassheallowedtogotobed.Poor
15.shewasshewasverybeautiful.Onedayfromthepalacecame
16.invitationsayingthattheprincewouldchoosehiswife.Awaywentherstepmotherandherstepsisterstothepalace.NeverhadCinderella
17.bepermittedtogowiththem.u
18.beIaprincessIwouldliveawholenewlife!”sighedCinderella.Nosoonerhadshesatdownthanagoddessappearedandgaveherasmartdressacargoaswellashorses.ButshewarnedCinderellathateverythingwoulddisappearat12oclock.WhenCinderellaarrivedattheparty
19.attractivewasCinderellathattheprinceonlydancedwithher.HardlyhadtheclockstrickentwelvewhenCinderellabegantorunandsheleftacrystalslipperonthestair.TheprincesservantcametoCinderellastofindouttheowneroftheslipper.Cinderellaseldersistercouldntwearit.couldanothersister.NotawordcouldanybodysaywhenCinderellaworetheslipperperfectly.Fromthenonshelivedhappilyeverafterwithherprince.语篇解读灰姑娘每天都要做很多家务,而继母和她的女儿则整日欺负灰姑娘王子举行选妃舞会,灰姑娘在仙女的帮助下,漂漂亮亮地参加了舞会,并最终嫁给了王子.答案was解析此处是therebe句型,主语为agirl根据文章时态可知用过去时故填was.答案only解析从couldCinderellaget这一部分倒装可以推断,前面是“only+状语介词短语”.答案gain解析因seldom否定词放句首时,句子需要部分倒装,有情态动词could提到主语前面了,因此gain用动词原形.答案until解析notuntil…置于句首时,用部分倒装句意为直到半夜,她才被允许睡觉.答案as/though解析因其表语poor提前,故用as/though引导让步状语从句.答案an解析作地点状语的介词短语fromthepalace提前,句子用完全倒装,invitation请柬作主语,因其以元音音素开头,故前面用不定冠词an.答案been解析因否定词放句首时,句子需要部分倒装;这是过去完成时的被动语态,故填been.答案Were解析此处的WereI...=IfIwere…表示与现在事实相反的假设.答案so解析so…that…如此……以至于……,是固定句式“so+形容词”置于句首,句子用部分倒装.答案Neither/Nor解析灰姑娘的一姐姐不适合,另一个姐姐也不适合,用neither7nor表示前面所述的一^牛事也不适合另一个人或物专题强化练十I.语法填空1112018・湖南长沙重点中学盟校联考LocatedinthenorthwestofHunanProvinceabout300kilometersawayfromChangshacapitalofHunanZhangjiajiel.coversatotalareaof9563squarekilometersisatouristcityforitsuniquenaturalsceneryandabundanttourismresources.Zhangjiajie
2.awardthetitleof“WorldGeologicalPark”in
2004.
3.actualZhangjiajiehonoredasuthemostfantasticmountainunderheaven”anduawalkingChineselandscapepainting”,isalsowidelypraisedas”
4.enlargedpottedlandscaping^“aminifairylandvand“amaze迷宫ofnaturen,attractingagrowingnumberoftourists
5.homeandabroad.Sinceitwasdiscoveredinthe1980stourismindustry
6.becometheleadingindustryinZhangjiajiewhichhasstimulatedthedevelopmentofotherindustries
7.relatetotourism.Atthesametimeeco-tourismhasbeendevelopedrapidlyinZhangjiajie.WhenyoucometoZhangjiajieyoucanfullyappreciate
8.itmagnificentnaturalsceneryandexperienceappealingfolkcustomaswellasotherthrillingtourist
9.activityandyouwillbedeeplyimpressedby
10.isperformedbytheminoritiesthere.ItmustbeanexcitingjoyfulandunforgettabletourtoZhangjiajie.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文文章介绍了湖南张家界的地理位置、荣誉称号、旅游业的发展等情况.答案which解析考查定语从句分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Zhangjiajie关系词在从句中作主语,故用whicho.答案wasawarded解析考查动词的时态和语态主语Zhangjiajie和动词award之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;根据该句中的时间状语“in2004”可知,应用一般过去时.答案Actually解析考查副词空处修饰整个句子,故用副词形式.答案an解析考查冠词此处泛指“一幅放大的缩略风景画”,空后的enlarged以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词.答案from/at解析考查介词这里指“吸引了来自国内外的大量游客”,故用from或at.答案hasbecome解析考查动词的时态根据该句中的“Since”可知,空处表示过去的动作对现在的影响,故用现在完成时.答案related解析考查非谓语动词名词industries和动词relate之间是被动关系,且berelatedto为固定搭配,故用过去分词作名词的后置定语.答案its解析考查代词根据该句中的“magnificentnaturalscenery”可知,应用形容词性物主代词its.答案activities解析考查名词的单复数张家界景点的旅游活动有多种,故用复数形式.答案what解析考查宾语从句分析该句结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,作介词by的宾语,且空处在从句中作主语,故用whato1212018・贵州安顺高三期末Chineseanti-corruption反腐败TVseriesIntheNameofthePeoplehasreallycapturedgreatpopularity.Somepeoplecallit“ChineseHouseofCards“,
11.comparewiththeAmericanpoliticaldramaHouseofCards.Thedramawhich
12.baseonthenovelofthesamenameshowsadeepreflectiononthefight
13.corruption.WhatmakesIntheNameofthePeopleunusualisnotonlyhow
14.directitdescribestheuglysideofChinesepoliticsbutalsothatithasthe
15.permitofthecountrystopofficialsoffice.TheChinesegovernmentin2004decided
16.limittheproductionofsuchdramasbecausetoomanywereofpoorquality.ButsinceChinesePresidentXiJinpingtookpowerin2012anti-corruptiondramas
17.becomeincreasinglypopular.Peopleofallagesloveit.TherearetwoaspectsaboutIntheNameofthePeople
18.weshouldpayattentionto.Firstthecastincludes
19.numberofskilledactorsandactresses.Secondshootingananti-corruptionshowunderthecurrentsystemislike
20.trytodancewrappedinchains.Thereforeitismuchmoredifficulttocreatesuchadramathanitisforotherkinds.anetizenwroteinareviewonDouban.语篇解读~~本文是一篇议论文,对中国热播的一部反腐剧《人民的名义》进行了评论,指出这是一部敢于正面揭露当今社会政治黑暗面的正剧,对打击腐败起到了积极作用.答案compared解析考查非谓语动词句意为一些人将《人民的名义》与美国的政治剧《纸牌屋》作比较,称之为中国的《纸牌屋》这里《人民的名义》有被比较的意思(被动),应用compare的过去分词形式,即comparedo
12.答案isbased解析考查动词的时态和语态本句是which引导的定语从句修饰前面的drama从句中which作主语指代drama后面bebasedon(根据)为固定搭配,意为“这部剧根据同名小说改编“,这里which后应使用第三人称单数,因此答案为isbased.答案against解析考查介词前文提到《人民的名义》是一部主题为anti-corruption(反腐败)的政治剧,这里应该用fightagainst(对抗与作斗争)corruption.答案directly解析考查副词句意为《人民的名义》之所以如此不同寻常,不仅因为它非常直接地揭露了中国政治的黑暗面,而且因为它获得了当局政府的播放许可这里direct(直接)用来修饰后面的动词describes用其副词形式directlyo.答案permission解析考查名词由上题解析可知,这里表示“获得许可”,应用permit的名词形式permission.答案tolimit解析考查非谓语动词这里decidetodosth.(决定做某事)为固定搭配,因此用动词不定式tolimit.答案havebecome解析考查动词的时态句意为自从2012年中国国家主席习近平上台以来,反腐剧变得越来越流行本句是since引导的时间状语从句,从句动词take用一般过去时took主句动词become用现在完成时,且主句主语dramas为复数形式,故用havebecomeo
18.答案that/which解析考查定语从句的引导词分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,修饰先行词twoaspects并在从句中作payattentionto的宾语,故用that或whicho.答案a解析考查冠词句意为第一,这部剧有很多(anumberof)实力派演员参演anumberof固定搭配,意为“很多”.答案trying解析考查非谓语动词句意为拍摄反腐剧就像被锁在铁链里跳舞一样这里like表示“像”的意思,后面跟名词或动名词,因此用try的动名词形式tryingH.阅读理解(2018•河南六市第一次联考)Tomakeroomforagriculturetreesandotherplantsareoftenclearedawaysothatfarmershavespacetogrowcrops.Theclearingofforestsforcesmanyanimalsawayfromtheirhomes.Theyoftenfleetheareainsearchofanewplacetolive.Thereisabigdownsidetothat.Someofthoseanimalsarenaturalpredators.Theycontrolpestpopulations.Theycanhelptoclearthefieldsofratsmiceandotherrodentsthateatanddamagecrops.ThishappenedatonesmallfarmingvillageinIndonesia.Afterlandwasclearedforfarmingratsandmicebeganappearinginlargenumbers.Villagerstriedtotargettheanimalsbysmokingthemoutandhuntingthem.Butthevillagerswereunsuccessful.onefarmerdecidedtotryanothermethod-anaturalone.PujoArtobroughtowlstohisfarm.Owlsafterallareexpertsathuntingrodents.ltiswhattheydo.Anditworked!HoweverPujoArtodidntstopwithhisownfield.HesetupaNaturalPredatorProgram.NowowlsarebusycatchingratsandmiceinthefieldsaroundthevillageofTlogoweru.Thereisahugeupside noneedforchemicalpesticideswhichcanharmnotonlyrodentsbutothercreatures.In2011theIndonesianmanbegansettingupboxeswheretheowlslive.Heisalsoraisingowletsinthevillage.Afteraboutfourmonthstheyoungbirdsarereleased.Thesefacilitieshaveraisedmorethanowls.Theyhavealsoraisedawarenessinthecommunityabouttheimportanceofowls.Theyraisedawarenesswithintheircommunitybybuildinghomesforthoseowls.Atthesametimegovernmentofficialshelpedtocreatelawstoprotectthoseowls.Inadditiontocontrollingpestsnaturallythereisanotherupsidetotheprogram.Hisvillageisnowapopularstopforeco-tourists.Peopleinterestedinlearningmoreaboutowlswildlifeprotectionandnaturalpestcontrolcometohisvillagetolearnmore.语篇解读文章讲述了印度尼西亚一个村庄里实施自然捕食者计划,利用猫头鹰消灭老鼠等啮齿类动物的故事,说明了利用生态控制害虫的好处WhydidtheowlsgetawayfromthelandaroundthevillageA.Therewasnofoodtoeat.B・Thereweretoomanyratsandmice.C.Theyweresmokedaway.D.Theyhadnoplacetolive.答案D解析细节理解题根据第一段中的“Theclearingofforestsforcesmanyanimalsawayfromtheirhomes.Theyoftenfleetheareainsearchofanewplacetolive.n可知,为了发展农业人们砍伐树木,森林的消失迫使猫头鹰等许多动物离开家园,去寻找新的居住地故选DNaturalPredatorProgramis.A.touseowlstocatchthecrop-damagingrodentsB・toattracteco-touriststothevillageC.toraiseawarenessofprotectingforestsD.tocontrolpestsbyusingchemicalpesticides答案A解析推理判断题根据第四段中的“HesetupaNaturalPredatorProgram.NowowlsarebusycatchingratsandmiceinthefieldsaroundthevillageofTlogoweru/可知,自然捕食者计划指的是借助猫头鹰来捕杀老鼠等破坏庄稼的啮齿类动物,故选AoWhichofthefollowingistheRIGHTorderaccordingtothepassageintroducingowlspestsbeingcontrollednaturallyrodentsappearinginlargenumbersclearingforestsA.abcdB.bcdaC.dcabD.dabc答案c解析细节排序题根据文章内容可知,为了发展农业人们砍伐树木,啮齿类动物破坏庄稼,通过引进啮齿类动物的天敌猫头鹰,害虫被自然控制根据发生的先后顺序可知选CWhatisthemainideaofthepassageA.Theimportanceofprotectingowls.B・Indonesianvillageusesowlstoprotectcrops.Theadvantagesofusingnaturalpredatorsinagriculture.Thegovernmentsroleinusingowlstocontrolpests.答案B解析主旨大意题文章讲述了印度尼西亚一个村庄里实施自然捕食者计划,利用猫头鹰消灭老鼠等啮齿类动物的故事,说明了利用生态控制害虫的好处故选BBAneggsinkstothebottomifyoudropitintoaglassofordinarydrinkingwaterbutwhathappensifyouaddsaltTheresultsareveryinterestingandcanteachyousomefunfactsaboutdensity密度.Whatyou11need OneeggWaterSaltAtalldrinkingglassInstructionsPourwaterintotheglassuntilitisabouthalffull.Mixinlotsofsaltabout6tablespoons.Carefullypourinplainwateruntiltheglassisnearlyfullbecarefulnottomixthesaltwaterwiththeplainwater.Gentlylowertheeggintothewaterandwatchwhathappens.Whatshappening强调句的特殊句式结构构成一般疑问句Is/Wasit+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分?特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+is/wasit+that+句子其他部分?notuntil句式Itis/wasnotuntiL..+that+句子其他部分not…but...句式Itisnot...+that...but.../Itisnot...but...that...。