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张家口市2022—2023学年度高二年级第一学期期末考试英语试卷注意事项:L答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上第一节（共5小题;每小题
1.5分，满分
7.5分）听下面5段对话每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题每段对话仅读例HowmuchistheshirtA.£
19.
15.B.£
9.
18.C.£
9.
15.答案是c.HowdidthemancomeA.Byplane.B.Bycar.C.Bybus..WhafsthewomanssuggestiontothemanA.Preparingfortheexam.B.Listeningtothelecture.C.Checkingthelibrarydesk..WhatdoesJuliawanttobecome.WheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplaceA.Athome.B.Inasciencelab.C.Inapetclinic..WhatwillthemanprobablydonextA.Buysomesouvenirs.B.Returntothehotel.C.Meetsomeone.（入侵者）anddestroythembeforetheycanspread.Butwhatmakesllamaantibodiessospecialistheirsmallsizewhichenablesthemtobetterfightthevirusbystickingtoitsspikes（刺突）moreeasily.Thiswillpreventattachmentandentrywhicheffectivelyneutralizesthevirus.Theencouragingresultshaveledtorapiddevelopmentandtestingoftheantibodiessothattheycanbetestedonhumansassoonaspossible.Howeverthestudysco-authorXavierSaelensfromGhentUniversitynotedthat“thereisstillalotofworktodotobringthisintotheclinic”.ButheaddedthatifitworksllamaWinterdeservesastatue”.WhoistheunlikelyfriendmentionedinthefirstparagraphA.Aresearcher.B.Asystem.C.Avirus.D.Ananimal.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordeureka”meaninparagraph3A.Itsterrible.B.Tmfedup.C.Ifoundit.D.Lefstryharder.WhafsXavierSaelensattitudetowardsapplyingtheantibodiestotheclinicalpracticeA.Indifferent.B.Hopeful.C.Negative.D.Disapproving.WhatcanwelearnfromthetextTheMERSviruscausedapreviousoutbreakin
2003.Thesmallsizeenablesllamaantibodiestobetterfightthevirus.Thellamaantibodiestyingtothespikesisabletokillthespikes.Itwontbelongbeforellamaantibodiesarereadyforclinicaluse.【答案】
12.D
13.C
14.B
15.B【解析】【12题详解】细节理解题根据文章第一段“ButaccordingtoastudypublishedinthescientificjournalCellanunlikelyfriendcouldhelpdefeatthevirus.（但根据发表在科学杂志《细胞》上的一项研究，一个不太可能的朋友可以帮助打败病毒）”和第二段“Knownfortheirlonglegsandbeautifuleyelashesllamas（美洲驼）一specificallytheirantibodies（抗体）——arebelievedtoplayanimportantroleinthefightagainstthevirus.（美洲马它特另U是它们的抗体一一以其长腿和美丽的睫毛而闻名，被认为在对抗病毒方面发挥着重要作用）”可知，第一段中提到的那个不太可能的朋友是一种动物一一美洲驼故选D项词义猜测题根据戈1J线词所在句“HavingexperimentedwithantibodiesfromallamacalledWinteryearsagoasmalllabatGhentUniversityinBelgiumhadaeurekamomentearlierthisyear.（几年前，比利口寸根特大学的一个小实验室对一只名叫“冬天”的美洲驼的抗体进行了实验今年早些时候，他们突然……和下文“Theyfoundthatllamaantibodieswereabletoneutralize（中和）boththeMERSandSARSviruses-twostrainsofthecoronavirusthatcausedpreviousoutbreaksin2012and2003respectively.（他们发现美洲驼抗体能够中和中东呼吸综合征和SARS病毒，这两种冠状病毒分别在2012年和2003年引发了疫情）”可知，比利时根特大学的一个小实验室几年前对一只美洲驼的抗体进行了实验，但只到今年早些时候，他们突然有了新的发现，发现了美洲驼抗体能够中和中东呼吸综合征和SARS病毒由此推知，eurekamoment是指顿悟时刻，有了新的发现结合选项，eureka指“发现”故选C项【14题详解】推理判断题根据文章最后一段XavierSaelens的话“thereisstillalotofworktodotobringthisintotheclinic（要将其应用于临床，还有很多工作要做）”和“ifitworksllamaWinterdeservesastatue（如果这一计划有效，那么冬天羊驼应该拥有一座雕像）”可推和，Xavier还是很期待将抗体应用于临床实践的到来的所以他的态度应该是“充满希望的故选B项15题详解】细节理解题根据文章倒数第二段“Butwhatmakesllamaantibodiessospecialistheirsmallsizewhichenablesthemtobetterfightthevirusbystickingtoitsspikesmoreeasily.（但是羊驼抗体的特别之处在于它们的小尺寸，这使得它们能够更好地对抗病毒，更容易地粘附在病毒的尖刺上）”可知，羊驼抗体因其尺寸小，能够更好地运用于对抗病毒故选B项第二节（共5小题;每小题
2.5分，满分
12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项Thegymcanbescaryforabeginner.Whetheryoureafitnessgreenhandorgettingbackinthegamenotknowingwhattodointhegymcanbeaveryrealfear.16Herearesomewaystogetstartedinthegym.Chatwiththestaff.Thefitnessstaffisfriendlyandreadytohelp!Asimple“hello“toastaffmemberwhenyouwalkinthedoorcanreallypromoteyourmood.17Ifllbemucheasiertogobacktothegymregularlyifyouknowthatsomefriendlypeopletherearewaiting.18DontknowwhattodointhegymDontbeafraidtoaskforhelp——thatswhatthestaffmembersaretherefor!Aquicktouroftheequipmentorevensomepracticeonthemachinescanbeextremelybeneficial.Atrainerwillprovideyouwithacompletedemonstrationtogetyoufeelingcomfortableinnotime!Getstartedonasimplemachine.Ifyou9reunsurewheretostartstickingwiththebasicsisagreatwaytogo.Walkonthetreadmill（跑步机）thatyoumaybefamiliarwithandstartatagentlepace.19Evenifyoudonthaveasweatpartyoullhavestillmovedyourbodyandgottenusedtothegymequipment.Andthatsahopefulstart.Trya30-minutecircuit.Circuittrainingisasupereffectivewaytotrainwhetheryoureabeginneroramoreexperiencedgym-goerandistheperfectsolutionwhenyoudontknowwhattodointhegym.Itallowsyoutoworkmultiplemusclegroupsinoneworkout.Thebestpart:It9sapreplannedworkout.20Askforatour.Shareyourtourwithothers.CButittrulydoesnthavetobe.DWorkyourwayuptoafastrun.Butitcanbeascaryexperience.Soallyouhavetodoisfollowalong.Soyourconfidenceinthegymwillbuildupatonce.【答案】
16.C
17.G
18.A
19.D
20.F【解^51【16题详解】根据上文uWhetheryoureafitnessgreenhandorgettingbackinthegamenotknowingwhattodointhegymcanbeaveryrealfear.（无论你是健身新手还是重返健身馆，不知道在健身房做什么都是一种真正的恐惧）”和下文“Herearesomewaystogetstartedinthegym.（这里有一些开始健身的方法）”可知，不管是新手还是重返健身馆的人都会因为不知道做什么感到一定程度的恐惧，而事实上有方法可以让人们开始在健身房健身由此可知，感到恐惧是不必的C项”（Butittrulydoesnthavetobe.但其实不必如此）”符合题意，it指代上文提到的事情，且选项引出下文故选C【17题详解】根据上文“Asimplehellotoastaffmemberwhenyouwalkinthedoorcanreallypromoteyourmood.（当你走进健身房时，跟工作人员简单地说声“你好”就能提升你的情绪）和下文If11bemucheasiertogobacktothegymregularlyifyouknowthatsomefriendlypeopletherearewaiting.（如果你矢口道有——些友好的人在那里等着你，你就会更容易定期回到健身房）”可知，主动和健身房工作人员打招呼能提升人们的情绪，这样就更容易定期去健身由此可知，主动和员工打招呼会提高人们的自信，以至于之后能常常去健身G项“Soyourconfidenceinthegymwillbuildupatonce.（所以你在健身房的信心会立刻建立起来）”符合题意，与上文构成因果关系故选G空处为本段主旨句根据下文“DorTtknowwhattodointhegymDontbeafraidtoaskforhelp一thafswhatthestaffmembersaretherefor!Aquicktouroftheequipmentorevensomepracticeonthemachinescanbeextremelybeneficial.Atrainerwillprovideyouwithacompletedemonstrationtogetyoufeelingcomfortableinnotime!（不知道在健身房做什么？不要害怕寻求帮助，这是工作人员的职责所在！快速浏览设备，甚至在机器上进行一些练习都会非常有益培训师将为您提供完整的演示，让您在任何时候都感到舒适！）”可知本段的建议要求工作人员带领参观健身房A项Askforatour.（要求参观）”可以概括本段内容故选A【19题详解】根据主旨句“Getstartedonasimplemachine』从一台简单的机器开始）”可知，本段建议从简单的活动开始结合上文“Walkonthetreadmill（跑步机）thatyoumaybefamiliarwithandstartatagentlepace.（在你可能熟悉的跑步机上行走，并以缓慢的步伐开始）”可知，在熟悉的跑步机上用缓慢的速度开始由此推知，在熟悉之后可以慢慢加快速度D项“Workyourwayuptoafastrun.（慢慢练习到快跑）”符合题意，fastrun呼应上文的gentlepace故选D【20题详解】空处位于段末，应承接上文根据上文“Circuittrainingisasupereffectivewaytotrainwhetheryoureabeginneroramoreexperiencedgym-goerandistheperfectsolutionwhenyoudontknowwhattodointhegym.Itallowsyoutoworkmultiplemusclegroupsinoneworkout.Thebestpart:Ifsapreplannedworkout.（循环训练是一种超级有效的训练方式，无论你是新手还是有经验的健身爱好者，当你不知道在健身房做什么时丁它是完美的解决方案它可以让你在一次训练中锻炼多个肌肉群最棒的是这是事先计划好的锻炼）”可知，循环训练是一种事先计划好并且超级有效的训练方式，由此可知，人们只要按照计划去做就可以F项“Soallyouhavetodoisfollowalong.（所以你所要做的就是照做就可以了）”符合题意，总结上文故选F第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项CaitlintookherdaughterLaceytoatoystoretopicksomethingout.Laceyhadbeen21£10fromhergrandmother.Laceywastryingtopick22thatweremorethan£10butthemotherkepttellinghershecouldntwhich23wasahardchoiceforthelittlegirl.Whentheywereintheaisle（过道），one24cameover.AndheaskedifhecouldgiveCaitlinagiftcard.Thetruth25thatsomeonewhohadboughtitaskedthestoreworkerstofindachildofpre-schoolagetogiveitto.Andthatgiftcardhadbeenleftbyawomanin26ofherdaughterwhowouldhave27fouryearsoldthatday.AfterhearingthatCaitlinwasheartbrokenandjuststartedto28andthentheworkerswerecryingtoo.Itwasvery
29.Whata30wayforthatmotherto31herdaughter!Inthestoreeveryonesheartwentouttoherforher32loss.Caitlinsharedthis33onsocialmediaandjustwantedtosayahugethankyou.“ShemademygirlsohappyandIamthinkingaboutherandherfamily.Itisverykindwhatshehasdoneandithas34otherpeopletodothesame“Caitlinwrote.Hopefullythemotherisblessedasshecontinuestorememberherlittlegirlbyspreading35toothers.考查动词词义辨析句意:莱西的祖母给了她10英镑A.borrowed借来;B.paid支付；Ccollected收集;D.gifted赠送根据“fromhergrandmother”推知，这10英镑是祖母赠送给莱西的故选D【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意莱西试着挑选超过10英镑的玩具，但妈妈一直告诉她不能，这对小女孩来说显然是一个艰难的选择A.cards卡片；B.candies糖果；C.toys玩具；D.pens钢笔根据上文uCaitlintookherdaughterLaceytoatoystoretopicksomethingout.”可知，此处是指莱西挑选玩具故选C【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析句意同上A.obviously明显地显然；B.surprisingly令人惊讶地;C.differently不同地；D.luckily幸运地根据ahardchoiceforthelittlegirl”并结合常识可知，对于小女孩来说挑选不超过10英镑的玩具显然很难故选A【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意当她们在过道上时，一个员工走了过来A.volunteer志愿者；B.employee员工；C.customer顾客;D.friend朋友根据下文“AndheaskedifhecouldgiveCaitlinagiftcard.”推知，向她们走来的一个员工且下文askedthestoreworkerstofindachildofpre-schoolagetogiveittov也是提示故选Bo【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析句意事实证明，有人买了它，要求店员找一个学龄前的孩子赠送它A.cameup走过来;B.gotaround四处走动;C.wenton继续；D.turnedout证明是结果是根据“thatsomeonewhohadboughtitaskedthestoreworkerstofindachildofpre-schoolagetogiveitto.”可知，事实是有人买了礼品卡并要求店员送给一个学龄前的孩子turnout”证明是，结果是符合题意故选D【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意那张礼品卡是一位女士为了纪念她的女儿而留下的，她的女儿当天本该满四岁A.support支持;B.memory记忆；C.praise表扬;D.search搜索，寻找根据uAfterhearingthatCaitlinwasheartbroken和“forher12loss”推知，女士的女儿离世了，她这样做是为了纪念她inmemoryof“为了纪念”故选B【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意同上A.turned转动，变成；B.made使，制作；C.bought购买；D.took拿，带根据fouryearsoldthatdayv可知，用turn符合题意，turnfouryearsold“年满四岁故选A【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意凯特琳听到后心碎了，哭了起来，然后工人们也哭了起来A.leave离开；B.comment评论；C.cry哭，大叫；D.nod点头根据“andthentheworkerswerecryingtoo.”可知，凯特琳听到员工的话后哭了起来故选C【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析句意这很有感染力A.emotional情绪的，有感染力的；B.interesting有趣的；C.risky冒险的；D.powerful强大的根据上文“AfterhearingthatCaitlinwasheartbrokenandjuststartedto8andthentheworkerswerecryingtoo.v可知，女士的故事很有感染力故选A【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析句意这位母亲用多么甜美的方式纪念她的女儿啊！A.funny滑稽的；B.relaxing令人放松的；C.sweet甜的，甜美的；D.careful小心的根据上文Andthatgiftcardhadbeenleftbyawomaninofherdaughter”推知，女士用送购物卡来纪念女儿的方式很甜美故选C【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意同上A.accept接受；B.honor尊重，纪念；C.satisfy使满意；D.hug拥抱根据下文“shecontinuestorememberherlittlegirlbyspreading15toothers.”可知，女士的女儿已经离世，因此此处是指用这种方式纪念她故选B【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析句意商店里的每个人都为她令人难以置信的损失感到难过A.confusing令人困惑的；B.weak虚弱的;C.incredible难以置信的；D.awkward尴尬的笨拙的根据上文“Andthatgiftcardhadbeenleftbyawomanin6ofherdaughterwhowouldhave7fouryearsoldthatday.“可知，女士的女儿不到四岁就离世了，这对女士来说是令人难以置信的损失故选C【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意凯特琳在社交媒体上分享了这段经历，并且想说一声“十分感谢”A.experience经历经验；B.hobby爱好；C.photo照片；D.request请求结合上文故事可知，这是凯特琳在超市的一次经历故选A【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意“她让我的女儿很开心，我想到了她和她的家人她所做的非常善良，也激励了其他人也这么做，”凯特琳写道A.advised建议;B.persuaded说服;C.allowed允许;D.inspired启发激励根据下文“otherpeopletodothesame”可知，女士的行为也激励其他人去做善事故选D【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意充满希望的是，这位母亲是有福的，因为她通过向他人传播善意来继续纪念她的小女儿A.confidence信心;B.kindness善良；C.knowledge知识；D.worry担心根据上文uItisverykindwhatshehasdone”可知，女士向他人传播善意故选B第二节共10小题;每小题
1.5分，满分15分阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Intheearly19thcenturycholera36severehitEuropewhichcausedmillionsof37death.AtthattimeasafamousdoctorinLondonJohnSnowwassoexpertthatheattendedtoQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.Buthenevergaveuphisdesiretodefeat“KingCholera^^andsavecommonpeopleslives.Cholerawasadeadlydiseaseand38itcausewasnotunderstood.JohnSnowrosetofacethechallengeandsolvetheproblem.Hesuspectedthatcholera39causebyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwaterbutheneededproof.SowhenanothersevereoutbreakhitLondonhebegantoinvestigateby40markonamaptheexactplaces41allthosewhodiedhadlived.Thenhefoundthatmanyvictimsduringtheoutbreakwerenearthewaterpumpsohehadthehandleremoved.As42resultsoonthediseasesloweddown.Hewassurethatthewaterpumpwas43blameandpeopleshoulddrinkpureor44boilwater.Thewatercompanieswereinstructednottosellpeoplethepollutedwateranymore.Thanks45theworkofJohnSnowfinallyKingCholerawasdefeated.【答案】
36.severely
37.deaths
38.itswascausedmaking
41.where
42.a
43.toblame
44.boiled
45.to【解^51【36题详解】考查副词句意19世纪初，霍乱严重地袭击了欧洲，造成数百万人死亡本题填空处后面出现了动词“hit”，提示词“severe”是形容词需要转换成副词，修饰动词故填severely【37题详解】考查名词句意19世纪初，霍乱严重地袭击了欧洲|造成数百万人死亡本题填空处前面有修饰语millions产后面需要填写名词复数，而提示词“death”是名词变成复数在后面添加“s故填deaths【38题详解】考查代词句意霍乱是一种致命的疾病，其病因也不清楚本题填空处前面有“and”并列连词连接句子，说明and后是完整句子，句中“was”是谓语动词，说明“cause”是名词词性，因此“it”需要转变为形容词性物主代词修饰cause名词故填its【39题详解】考查动词被动语态句意他怀疑霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的，但他需要证据本题中主句主谓部分是“Hesuspected”后接that引导的宾语从句，在从句中cause作为谓语动词，表示“造成”的意思，而且与从句中主语“cholera”有被动关系，这是发生在19世纪的故事，要使用一般过去时的被动语态故填wascausedo【40题详解】考查非谓语动词句意因此，当另一场严重的疫情袭击伦敦时，他开始通过在地图上标记所有死者曾经居住过的确切地点的方式来进行调查本题填空处前有介词“by”，后面需要使用动词的现在分词形式，“bydoing”表示“通过某种方式”故填making【41题详解】考查定语从句句意因此，当另一场严重的疫情袭击伦敦时，他开始通过在地图上标记所有死者曾经居住过的确切地点的方式来进行调查本题填空处没有提示词，所以需要从句子层面来思考本句主句部分是4ihebegantoinvestigatebymarkingonamaptheexactplacesv在句子中“places”是先行词，后面使用定语从句对places修饰，观察定从中allthosewhodiedhadlivedn与先行词的关系，从句缺少地点状语，使用表示地点的关系副词故填where【42题详解】考查冠词句意结果，疾病很快就减缓了固定短语“asaresult”意思是“结果”，可知本题需要填写冠词ao故填a【43题详解】考查非谓语动词句意他确信水泵应该负主要责任，人们应该喝纯净水或煮沸的水固定短语“betoblame”表示“该受责备、应承担责任”的意思，因此本题应该使用动词不定式填写故填tblame【44题详解】考查非谓语动词句意他确信水泵应该负主要责任，人们应该喝纯净水或煮沸的水本题填空处后面有名词“water而且空格处与形容词“pure（纯净的广形成并列，而提示词boil是动词，需要使用过去分词作定语修饰名词故填boiled【45题详解】考查介词句意:由于约翰•斯诺的工作，“疾病之王霍乱”终于被打败了根据固定短语“thanksto”表示“多亏了、由于”的意思故填to第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）
46.假如你是李华，你的加拿大朋友Freddy来信说他即将作为交换生来你校学习，并想找一个寄宿家庭请给他写一封回信，内容包括.邀请他来你家寄宿；.说明你家的情况注意.词数应为80左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答DearFreddyWelcometoourschoolasanexchangestudent.Iamlookingforwardtoyourcomingsoon.YoursLiHua【答案】DearFreddyWelcometoourschoolasanexchangestudent.HearingthatyouaresearchingfbrahostfamilyTmmorethandelightedtoinviteyoutocometomyfamily.Inmyfamilytherearethreemembersincludingmyfathermymotherandme.Myfatherisabusinessmanwhoisoftenonbusiness.Soheseldomstaysathome.Mymotherasahousewifeisextremelykindandenthusiastic.Inmyfamilythereisaspareroomwhereyoucanlive.Theroomisverycleanandcomfortable.Ifyoucomewecanstudyandplaytogether.Whatsalsoworthmentioningisthatmymotherisgoodatcooking.AsaresultitsagreatopportunityforyoutoenjoydifferentkindsofChinesefood.Iamlookingforwardtoyourcomingsoon.YoursLiHua【解析】【详解】L词汇积累寻找searchfor一seekfbr高兴的delighted一pleased擅长begoodat—dowellin/beskilledin因此:asaresult一asaconsequence
2.句式拓展简单句变成复合句原句Mymotherasahousewifeisextremelykindandenthusiastic.拓展句Mymotherwhoisahousewifeisextremelykindandenthusiastic.第二节（共15小题;每小题
1.5分，满分
22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间每段对话或独白读两遍听第6段材料，回答第
6、7题.WhydoesthemanlookunwellA.Helackssleep.B.Hefeelsalittlesick.C.Heistiredfromthecourses..WhattimeisitnowA.1:20p.m.B.l:50P.m.C.2:00p.m.听第7段材料，回答第
8、9题.WhatcolortrousersdoesthemanwantA.Gray.B.Blue.C.Black..WhafsthemansdecisionA.Tobuywooltrousers.B.Tovisitanothershop.C.Toleavehisphonenumber.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题.WhichplacewillthemanprobablyvisitA.MexicoCity.B.Florida.C.Havana..HowmanypointscanthemangetA.
5000.B.
10000.C.
20000..WhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakersA.Workmates.B.Ticketsellerandbuyer.C.Travelagentandcustomer.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题.WhydoesthewomanhavetostayathomeA.Sheisstuckathomebytherain.B.Sheispreparingforabirthdayparty.C.Sheiswillingtocookforgrandparents..WhatwillthewomandonateA.Herclothes.B.Herbike.C.Somefood..WhatisthemangoingtodonextA.TalktoJenny.B.Invitegrandparents.C.Donatesomemoney..Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout【点睛】【高分句型1iHearingthatyouaresearchingfbrahomestayTmmorethandelightedtoinviteyoutocometomyfamily.（运用了现在分词作状语）【高分句型2】What9salsoworthmentioningisthatmymotherisgoodatcooking.（运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）第二节（满分25分）.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文ItwasthesummerafterIbecamearunningcoachinamiddleschoolandIheardthattheyearlySpecialSportsMeetingwouldtakeplacesoonintown.SoIdecidedtovolunteerforit.OnthelistwasaparticipantnamedVernonwhoImentored（指导）andcoachedonlyfbrafewtimesbefore.Ihadnoideawhattoexpectanddidnthaveanyexperienceworkingwithdisabledchildren.WhenIarrivedattheeventIcamewiththeintentionanddesiretohelpupliftthisyoungmansspirits.IwentovertothebigtentinthemiddleofthefieldmetthedirectoroftheSpecialSportsMeetingandthenmetVernonthe14-year-oldboylivingwithDownssyndrome（唐氏综合征）.IwentuptoVernonandsharedwithhimthatIwasonthetrackandfieldteamatschoolandenjoyedthevarietyofevents.InoticedthatVernonlookeddownmostofthetimeanddidnthavemuchtosay.AtthatpointIdidntknowwhetherhewasdisinterestedintheconversationwasntabletocommunicatewithmeordidntunderstandwhatIwassaying.ItdidntmatterbecauseIwastherejusttoinspirehimandanywayIwouldcheerfbrhimduringthegame.Thenwejoggedtogetherforawhilebeforethegameformallybegan.IwantedtosupporthimormakehimalittlerelaxedinthiswayatleastIthoughtso.YetlittledidIknowatthemomentthatVernonwastheonewhowouldinspiremeandthathewouldmakeanimpressiononmethatwouldlastalifetime.注意L续写词数应为150左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答SoonVernonandotherparticipantsstartedtoruntherace.Vernonrantowardmegivingmeabigbearhug.［答案］SoonVernonandotherparticipantsstartedtoruntherace.Alltheplayersgenerallyrushedoutofthestartinglinewhenhearingthecommand.Atthebeginningeveryonewasalmostfast.Vernonalsotriedhisbesttocatchupwithothers.HeransohardthatIsawthesweatonhisface.Suddenlyhehadafallonthesecondlapandhiskneeswerehurt.WorriedabouthisconditionIrantohimandcheckedhimanxiously.Areyoualright^^Iasked.Henoddedhisheadandstruggledtohisfeettocontinuetherace.Iliftedhimupandsaid“Iamsureyoucan.Doyourbest!”Helookedatmegratefully.Finallyhefinishedtheracethoughhewasnotthechampion.Vernonrantowardmegivingmeabigbearhug.Ismiledhappilyandsaid“Welldone.Iwasdeeplymovedbyhisspirits.Whenfacingdifficultiesyouwontbedefeatedaslongasyoudontgiveup.【解析】【详解】
1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“不久弗农和其他参与者开始赛跑”可知，第一段可描写弗农参加比赛的过程
②由第二段首句内容“弗农跑向我，给了我一个大大的拥抱”可知，第二段可描写作者对于观看弗农比赛的感悟2续写线索比赛过程一一比赛失误一一帮助一一鼓励一一比赛结果一一感悟.词汇激活行为类.开始比赛starttoruntherace/begintoruntherace.继续比赛continuetherace/keepontherace.摔倒haveafall/falldown/trip情绪类.感动的moved/touched.焦急地anxiously/inquietly/uneasilyA.Ayardsale.B.Aninvitation.C.Abirthdayplan.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题.WhatisthethemeofthistripA.History.B.Literature.C.Architecture..WhyisLondonchosenA.Thepriceofticketsisreasonable.B.TheCOVID-19virusisconsidered.C.Theavailabilityofticketsisthemainconcern..WhydotheyplantotakethesubwayA.Toavoidthetraffic.B.Todosomeresearch.C.Topreventbeinglost..WhafstheluckypartofthistripAWalkingtothemuseum.B.Attendinganexpertreport.C.Takingphotosinthemuseum.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题
2.5分，满分
37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATopDestinationsforAdventureTravelin2023Theadventuresyouandyourfamilytakeareanexcellentwaytobringyourfamilyclosertogetherenjoybeautifulsceneryandhelpyoufeelyoungandenergetic.Herearesometopdestinationsforadventuretravelin
2023.AustriaIfyoulovewintersportstravelingtoAustriawontdisappointyou.Therearetonsofadventureopportunitiesincludingexploringtherollinghillsonafatbikeandtobogganing（乘橇滑雪）downmountainsides.Youcanalsoclimbafrozenwall!CanadaCanadaistheworldssecond-largestcountrywhichmeansendlessadventureopportunities.Youcanwalkwithpolarbearswatchgrizzlybearsandcanoeinisolatedlakestowatchmoose（马它鹿）.NottomentionbecauseCanadascoastlineisthelongestintheworldtherearealotofcoastaladventures!ChileWhatcanweinferfromthetextA.Austriaoffersotherworldlyscenery.B.Canadarankssecondincoastlinelength.C.Chileisnotedforamoon-themedpark.D.GalapagosIslandshaveuniquewildlife.【答案】l.A
2.C
3.D【解析】【1题详解】细节理解题根据Austria部分“IfyoulovewintersportstravelingtoAustriawontdisappointyou.（如果你喜欢冬季运动，去奥地利旅游一定不会让你失望）”可知，去奥地利的游客会享受冬季运动故选A项【2题详解】细节理解题根据Canada部分“Youcanwalkwithpolarbearswatchgrizzlybearsandcanoeinisolatedlakestowatchmoose（驼鹿）.（你可以和北极熊一起散步，看灰熊，在偏僻的湖泊里划独木舟看驼鹿）”和GalapagosIslands部分“Withitslocation600milesfromEcuadoranimalloversandoutdooradventurersfeelliketheGalapagosIslandsareheavenonEarth.（加拉帕戈斯群岛距离厄瓜多尔600英里，动物爱好者和户外冒险家觉得加拉帕戈斯群岛是地球上的天堂）”可知，野生动物爱好者会喜欢去加拿大或加拉帕戈斯群岛故选C项【3题详解】推理判断题根据GalapagosIslands中“Withitslocation600milesfromEcuadoranimalloversandoutdooradventurersfeelliketheGalapagosIslandsareheavenonEarth.Manyspeciesareendemicwhichmeanstheyarenotfoundanywhereelseintheworld.（加拉帕戈斯群岛距离厄瓜多尔600英里，动物爱好者和户外冒险家觉得加拉帕戈斯群岛是地球上的天堂许多物种是当地特有的，这意味着它们在世界其他地方都找不到）”可推知，加拉帕戈斯群岛有独特的野生动物故选D项BLastyearIspentmyholidaywithsomeofmychildrenandgrandchildreninarentedhouseinanunfamiliarneighborhoodinLakewoodNewJersey.Everyoneintheareawassuperfriendlyandhospitable（好客的），offeringtointroducethemselvestous.Thehomenextdoortouswasparticularlyfascinating.Intheyardtherewasatrampoline（蹦床），aswingsetandvarioustoysandgamesthatwereparticularlypopularwithyoungchildren.Theownerwasalsoveryfriendlyandinvitedthekidstocomeoverandplay.Theyplayedforhoursonend.Whilewerelaxedinouryardperhapsfeelingcomfortableperhapsenjoyingeachotherscompanyperhapsforgettingthatyoungchildrencantbelefttoolongwithoutadultslookingafterthem.Unexpectedlyasmallfightbrokeout.My10-year-oldgrandsonpushedtheboyofthenextdoor.Atthispointthemothernextdoorwenttointervene（调停）.Shecameovertospeaktous.WereIinthatpositionIwouldhavebeenaveryangrymotherandcomplainedaboutthebadbehaviorofthesevisitingchildrenanddefinitelysentthemhome.Whatshedidwasquitetheopposite.Shespokeoftheirgreatpleasureinsharingthebackyardofaslightdifficultythathadarisenandofthenecessityofmonitoringourchildrensbehavior.Shetoldherchildrenwewerealltheirguestsandthatweshouldberespectedandtreatedwell.Afterthatthesechildrengotalongwellasbefore.HonestlyIowedmythankstotheneighbor.Smallasheractionsmayseemtheywerebiginoureyes.Theneighbornotonlykeptthechildrenhappybutalsotaughtmeanunforgettablelessonindealingwithrelationships.FromherIlearnedsmallandkindactionscanbringwarmthtopeople.WhatisthepurposeofthistextTotellastoryofwarmfriendship.Todescribeanexcitingtripexperience.Togiveadviceonhowtobeagreatmother.Tosharealessontheauthorlearnedfromaneighbor.WhatcanbelearnedfromthetextTheboynextdoorpickedontheauthorsgrandson.Thechildrensecretlywentintotheyardtoplaygames.Theadultsdidnttakegoodcareofthechildrenwhilerelaxing.Theauthorsfamilyspenttheirholidayinherfriendsneighborhood.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthemothernextdoorA.Kindandcalm.B.Strictandtough.C.Generousandcurious.D.Rudeandnarrow-minded.HowwilltheauthordealwithasimilarsituationinthefutureShewillleavewithoutdoinganything.Shewillbepatientandtakekindactions.Shewillteachherownchildrenagoodlesson.Shewillstoptroublingherhospitableneighbor.【答案】
4.D
5.C
6.A
7.B【解析】【4题详解】推理判断题通读文章内容可知，文章末尾段部分uTheneighbornotonlykeptthechildrenhappybutalsotaughtmeanunforgettablelessonindealingwithrelationships.FromherIlearnedsmallandkindactionscanbringwarmthtopeople.（这位邻居不仅让孩子们开心，而且在处理人际关系方面给我上了难忘的一课从她身上我学到了微小而善良的行为可以给人们带来温暖）”揭示了文章的主旨目的，即，作者通过讲述了旅行中邻居对孩子矛盾之间的调停行为，分享从邻居那里学会的重要的一课微小而善良的行为给人带来温暖这就是写作目的故选D项【5题详解】细节理解题根据文章第三段内容“Whilewerelaxedinouryardperhapsfeelingcomfortableperhapsenjoyingeachotherscompanyperhapsforgettingthatyoungchildrencantbelefttoolongwithoutadultslookingafterthem.（当我们在院子里放松的时候，也许是感觉很舒服，也许是享受彼此的陪伴，也许是忘记了孩子们不能离开大人太久）”可知，大人们沉浸在放松享受中以致于忘记了孩子们离开大人太久，即，在放松的时候，大人们没有照顾好孩子们故选C项【6题详解】推理判断题根据文章第二段内容“Theownerwasalsoveryfriendlyandinvitedthekidstocomeoverandplay.（主人也非常友好，邀请孩子们过来玩）”可知，这位妈妈主动邀请孩子一起玩耍，是一个好心善良的妈妈;而根据文章第六段内容“Shespokeoftheirgreatpleasureinsharingthebackyardofaslightdifficultythathadarisenandofthenecessityofmonitoringourchildrensbehavior.Shetoldherchildrenwewerealltheirguestsandthatweshouldberespectedandtreatedwell.Afterthatthesechildrengotalongwellasbefore.（她谈至lj了他们分享后院的快乐，谈到了出现的一点小困难，以及监督孩子们行为的必要性她告诉她的孩子们，我们都是他们的客人，我们应该受到尊重和善待从那以后，这些孩子就像以前一样相处得很好）”可知这位妈妈主动调停孩子间的矛盾，并与作者一家进行了友善的交谈，说明她在面对孩子的问题时很冷静因此，A项“Kindandcalm.（善良而冷静）”符合这位妈妈的性格特点故选A项【7题详解】推理判断题根据文章末尾段内容“Theneighbornotonlykeptthechildrenhappybutalsotaughtmeanunforgettablelessonindealingwithrelationships.FromherIlearnedsmallandkindactionscanbringwarmthtopeople.（这位邻居不仅让孩子们开心，而且在处理人际关系方面给我上了难忘的一课从她身上，我学到了微小而善良的行为可以给人们带来温暖）”可知，作者从这位妈妈身上学到了“微小而善良的行为可以给人们带来温暖”的道理，由此可推知，在将来，作者应该会像这位妈妈一样在处理问题时有耐心，且并采取友好的行动故选B项CMorethanathirdoftheworldspopulationlivesindrylandsareasthatexperiencesignificantwatershortages.ScientistsattheUniversityofTexasatAustinhavedevelopedauniquesolutiontohelppeopleintheseareasaccesscleandrinkingwater.Theydevelopedalow-costgelfilm（凝胶膜）thatcanpullwaterfromtheairineventhedriestclimate.Combiningtwosimpleingredientscelluloseandkonjacgumthegelisinexpensivetoproduce.Justonekilogramofgelcanabsorbupto6litersofwaterinadryclimate.Forthoselivinginaclimatewithrelativehumidity（湿度）onekilogramofgelcancollectupto13litersofwateraday.Asthegelissoinexpensiveandeasytomakeitmayofferawayofprovidingdrinkingwatertocountrieswithwatershortages.Previouslyresearchershaveharvestedfreshwaterfromfoganddewbutthatonlyservesareaswithhighhumidity.Otherattemptsatpullingwaterfromdesertairaretypicallyenergy-intensiveanddonotproducemuch.Infactthisgelisavastimprovementfrompreviouswaterharvestingtechnologies.Themaximumwaterharvestedhasbeen
5.87litersinplaceswithrelativehumidity.Thisnewgeldoublesthisamountusesnoenergyandissimpletooperateanditcanbemadeintoashapeorsizethatbestsuitstheuser.“ThisnewworkisaboutpracticalsolutionsthatpeoplecanusetogetwaterinthehottestdriestplacesonEarth“saidGuihuaYuprofessorattheCockrellSchoolofEngineering.“Thiscouldallowmillionsofpeoplewithoutconsistentaccesstodrinkingwatertohavesimplewatergeneratingdevicesathomethattheycaneasilyoperate.”“ThisisnotsomethingyouneedanadvanceddegreetousethepapersleadauthorYouhongGuosaid.“Itsstraightforwardenoughthatanyonecanmakeitathomeiftheyhavethematerials.Scientistsareplanningonmakingathickergelthatwillincreasetheyieldmakingthistechnologyapracticablesolutiontodrought.Whatcanweknowaboutthegelfilmfromparagraph2Itcanincreasethehumidityoftheair.Itcanharvestdrinkingwaterfromtheair.Ithasbeenwidelyappliedindesertareas.Itcostslotsofmoneyandenergytoproduce.WhatisthethirdparagraphmainlyaboutTheadvantagesofthenewgel.Theprocessofproducingthenewgel.Thetoughlivingconditionsindryregions.Thetheoryofwaterharvestingtechnologies.Whatdoestheunderlinedworditinthelastparagraphreferto【答案】
8.B
9.A
10.CILA【解析】【8题详解】细节理解题根据文章第二段内容“Theydevelopedalow-costgelfilmthatcanpullwaterfromtheairineventhedriestclimate.（他们开发了一种低成本的凝胶膜，即使在最干燥的气候下也能从空气中吸收水分）”，以及“Asthegelissoinexpensiveandeasytomakeitmayofferawayofprovidingdrinkingwatertocountrieswithwatershortages.（由于这种凝胶既便宜又容易制造，它可能为水资源短缺的国家提供饮用水）”可知这种凝胶膜可以吸收空气中的水分，可能成为为水资源短缺的国家提供饮用水的一种方式故选B项【9题详解】主旨大意题根据文章第三段的关键句“Infactthisgelisavastimprovementfrompreviouswaterharvestingtechnologies.（事实上，这种凝胶是对以前的水收集技术的巨大改进）”以及“Thisnewgeldoublesthisamountusesnoenergyandissimpletooperateanditcanbemadeintoashapeorsizethatbestsuitstheuser.（这种新型凝胶的收集量翻了一番，不消耗能量，操作简单，可以被制成最适合用户的形状或大小）”可知，该段主要讲述了这种凝胶膜是在以前的水收集技术上的巨大改进，收集量大大提高，不耗能，易操作，且具有便捷携带性即，该段主要讲到了这种凝胶膜的优势故选A项【10题详解】词义猜测题分析可知，该段内容与上一段内容均是对这种凝胶膜的积极评价，因此结合前后文语境可推知，“it”所在句Itsstraightforwardenoughthatanyonecanmakeitathomeiftheyhavethematerials.”与前文“Thiscouldallowmillionsofpeoplewithoutconsistentaccesstodrinkingwatertohavesimplewatergeneratingdevicesathomethattheycaneasilyoperate.（这将使数百万无法持续获得饮用水的人在家中拥有简单的、易于操作的产水装置）”为同义句表达，由此可推知，“it”应与前文“watergeneratingdevices（产水装置）”所指相同故选C项[11题详解】推理判断题根据文章末尾句内容“Scientistsareplanningonmakingathickergelthatwillincreasetheyieldmakingthistechnologyapracticablesolutiontodrought』科学家们正计划制造一种更厚的凝胶，以提高产量，使这项技术成为解决干旱的可行方案）”可知，科学家们正在计划研制一种更厚的凝胶，因此可推知，科学家下一步要做的是制造一种更厚的凝胶故选A项DWhilethesituationmaybeimprovingmuchoftheworldisstillundertheshadowofCOVID-19anditsassociatedcontainmentmeasures.ButaccordingtoastudypublishedinthescientificjournalCellanunlikelyfriendcouldhelpdefeatthevirus.Knownfortheirlonglegsandbeautifuleyelashesllamas（美洲马它）一specificallytheirantibodies（抗体）一arebelievedtoplayanimportantroleinthefightagainstthevirus.HavingexperimentedwithantibodiesfromallamacalledWinteryearsagoasmalllabatGhentUniversityinBelgiumhadaeurekamomentearlierthisyear.Theyfoundthatllamaantibodieswereabletoneutralize（中和）boththeMERSandSARSviruses—twostrainsofthecoronavirusthatcausedpreviousoutbreaksin2012and2003respectively.DoneincooperationwiththeUniversityofTexasUSstudiesshowedtheireffectivenessagainstCOVID-
19.JasonMcLellanfromtheUniversityofTexasatAustinandco-authorofthestudysaidThisisoneofthefirstantibodiesknowntoneutralizeSARS-CoV-
2.”Antibodiesarelikeyourbodysdefensesystem.Similartotinysoldierstheyprotectyourbodyfrominvaders。
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