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沪教版初中英语七年级下册Unit2知识点梳理必考短语和句型.aroundprep.“围绕;在周围”Eg.Theearthgoesaroundthesun.adv“大约;到处”Eg.Thebagisaroundthreekilos.Ifoundnobodyaround..besillytodosth.二Itssillyofsb.todosth.Eg.Youaresillytospendsomuchmoneyonclothes.=Itssillyofyoutospendsomuchmoneyonclothes..Frenchadj.法国的,法国人的;法语的TheFrench=Frenchpeoplelikedeliciousfood..famous比well-known知名度更高Eg.Thisbookisnotonlywell-knownbutalsofamous..westn.“西,西方,西部”Westernadj.“西面的;西部的”.placesofinterest名胜古迹
7.suchas列举整体之中的部分同类事物;插在被列举事物与前面的名词之间;后面不可有逗号;后接名词或名词词组,可与andsonon连用forexample用来举例说明;在句中作插入语,置于句首、句中、句末;后面需有逗号Eg.lvisitedsomecitiessuchasBeijingShanghaiandDalian.Idliketokeepapetforexampleadog..befamousfor因而闻名befamousas以(身份)而出名Eg.ChinaisfamousfortheGreatWall.MarkTwinwasfamousasastorywriter.主语是人befamousfor因作品或特征而出名befamousas作为某种身份而出名主语是地点befamousfor因某种特点(产品、建筑、名胜)而出名befamousas以什么产地/地方而出名Eg.Heisfamousforhisgreatinventions.Heisfamousasagreatinventor.Franceisfamousforitsfinefoodandwine.Thetownisfamousasawine-producingplace..excellentadj.=verygoodwonderfulbeexcellentat/insth.在某方面优秀.makewine酿造葡萄酒bemadebysb.由某人制成Eg.Thiscoatwasmadebymymother.bemadeofsth.由制成(能看出原材料)Eg.Ourdesksaremadeofwood.bemadefrom由制成(看不出原材料)Eg.Thiskindofpaperismadefromgrass.bemadeinto被制成Eg.Woodcanbemadeintomanykindsoffurniture.bemadein在地方制作或生产Eg.ThiskindofcarismadeinShenzhen..onthecoast在海岸线上,在海岸alongthecoast沿海岸线onthebeach在海滩上alongthebeach沿海滩bythesea在海边,靠海bysea经海陆,乘船.by就在身边,比near距离更近一些Eg.wespendtheholidaybythesea.near不明确的附近、不远处Eg.Wespendtheholidaynearthesea..prefertodosth.=liketodosth.better更喜欢做某事prefer+名词/动名词preferAtoB喜欢A胜过Bprefertodosth.ratherthantodosth.更愿意,不愿Eg.Hepreferstowalkintherain.Iprefertospendtheweekendathome.DoyouprefermeatorfishIpreferdogstocats.Iprefertogoshoppingratherthanstayathome.=1prefergoingshoppingtostayingathome..trydoingsth.尝试着去做某事;经常表示建议做某事trytodosth努力设法去做某事,试图、尽力做某事Eg.Hetriedtoclimbthetreebuthecouldnot.Whydontyoutrylisteningtosomelightmusic..Whynotaskforyourteachershelp=Whydontyouaskforyourteachershelp.infact事实上,实际上作状语,强调或订正前句.metres+tall人物metres+high建筑物.almost=nearly.goto+地点名词到达某处同义表达arriveat/in;reachEg.Hegetstoschoolat7:00everyday.=Hearrivesatschoolat7:00everyday.=Hereachesschoolat7:00everyday..takealift=gobylift语法专有名词1专有名词可表示的名称人名如Jenny地名如China节日名称如:theSpringfestival星期名称如Sunday月份名称如May组织机构名称如theRedCross书籍报刊名称如ChinaDaily⑵注意事项
①一般情况,专有名词的第一个字母大写,前面不能用不定冠词“a”或“an”,通常没复数形式Eg BeijingisthecapitalofChina.有时专有名词可以转化成普通名词,转化后它具有普通名词的特性,可以在其面前加不定冠词“a”也可以在其词尾加表示复数形式的“s”Eg AMrGreencalledjustnow.姓氏是专有名词,一般情况下,没复数形式,前面也不能加定冠词“the”o但如果姓氏前面加定冠词“the”,并后面加上“s”时则表示“一家人”其谓语用复数Eg:TheBlacksarehavingdinner.有些专有名词表面上看是复数形式,但实际使用中谓语动词通常用单数形式Eg:TheUnitedStatesisinAmerica.连词andbutso的用法♦and的六点用法♦⑴表示联合,意为“和”、“又”、“而且”Wewerecoldandhungry.我们饥寒交迫Iwokeupandgotoutofbed.我醒了就起床了Heplayedthepianoandshesang.他弹钢琴,她唱歌2有时用于连接两个相同的词语,表示连续性Thetrainranfasterandfaster.火车开得越来越快Wewaitedforhoursandhours.我们一直等了好几个小时Theboyslaughedandlaughed这些孩子笑个不停【注】但有时连接两个相同名词表示不同的质量和种类Therearedictionariesanddictionaries.词典彳艮多,有好有坏3在口语中用在comegorunstaystoptry等之后表示目的,大致相当于不定式符号to Comeandhaveteawithme.过来跟我一起喝杯茶Weoughttostopandthink.我们应该停下来想一想4有时用在祈使句后,表示结果,意为“那么”WorkhardandyouIIsucceed.努力干吧你会成功的Arrivelateoncemoreandyourefired.你再迟一次,你就会被开除比较IfyouworkhardyouIIsucceed.如果你努力干,你会成功的5有时表示对比有类似but的意思Heisrichandyetleadsamodestlife.他很富有但却过着朴素的生活RobertissecretiveandDavidiscandid.罗伯特深藏不露而戴维则有啥说啥6用在goodnicefine等之后表示“很”,“挺”Itsniceandcoolunderthetree.这树下很凉快Thebookisgoodandexpensive.这本书彳艮贵♦but的用法举例♦.连接词或短语Itwasasunnybutnotverywarmday.那一天天气晴朗,却不太暖和Hedrivesnotcarefullybutslowly.他开车不是很小心,而是开得很慢.连接句子Thisisntagoodonebutitwillanswer.这不太好,但可以将就用Helookshonestbutactuallyhesarogue.他看起来很老实,实际他是一个坏蛋Shehashadnoanswertohimbuthegavenoanswer.我向他说了早上好,但他没有回应Mrs.BrownwasabouttobeginbutJenniespokefirst.布朗夫人正要开始讲话珍妮先讲了Atfirsthewasalittleshybutnowheactsmorenatural.开始时他有些腼腆但现在他表现得很自然了Therewasalittletroubleatfirstbutthingsweresoonquiet.起初有点小麻烦后来情况就平静了.用于句首Buttheresonethingweareagreedon.但有一点大家的意见是一致的.用于道歉的表达之后rmfrightfullysorrybutIcantseeyoutoday.太对不起了,我今天不能见你Excusemebutldontthinkthatsquitetrue.很抱歉,我认为这与事实略有出入.用于not…but…表示“不是而是”NotyoubutIamtoblame.不是你的错而是我的错.用在某些否定语后,表示“只……”Heeatsnothingbuthamburgers.他只吃汉堡包Sheknowsnoonebutyou.她只认识你Youhavenobodybutyourselftoblame.只能怪你自己Noonebutmesawher.只有我看见他.用于nextlastbutone中,表示“隔壁再过去”“倒数第……”Helivesinthenexthousebutone.他住在隔壁再过去一家Hewasthelastbutonetoarrive.他是倒数第二个到的.canthelpbut不由得不Youcanthelpbutrespectthem.你不由得不尊敬他们IcanJthelpbutwonderwhatIshoulddonext.我不由得不想知道下一步该怎么办【注意】不要按汉语意思将“虽然…但是…”直译为although…but…误Thoughwearepoorbutwearehappy.去掉though或but中任一
4、♦so作连词用,意为“因而”、“所以”、“为了”、“以便”等例如WangTaospenwasbrokensoheneededanewone.王涛的钢笔坏了,所以他需要买枝新的注意用英语表达“因为……,所以……”时,用了because就不能再用s,用了so就不能再用becauseo。