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外研社小学英语一年级起点四年级下知识英语(四年级下)主要知识点整理(例句都是课本中原句).祈使句表示请求、命令、建议等的句子祈使句不需要主语,谓语动词用原形,句子末尾一般用感叹号eg:(l)Dontwalkonthegrass!(否定祈使句)
(2)Lefsmakeanewspaper!(肯定祈使句).一般现在时经常发生的动作或状态(常与alwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldomnevereveryday/week/yearonSundays...连用1be动词的一般现在时:比较简单IamWe/You/TheyareHe/She/ItisThereis+单数名词或不可数名词Thereare+复数名词eg:It5snotbeautifulbutifshelpfuL
(2)行为动词的一般现在时(单数第三人称的变化是重点、易错点;助动词用dodontdoesdoesnt)eg:lThismachinecutsthepotatoes.3Fishliveintheriverandbirdsliveinthetree.***注意fish单数和复数写法一样,这里fish前面没有a所以是复数形式,后面接谓语动词要用原形另外,Sheep和deer单复数也是一样的形式
3.一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或状态常与...agoyesterdaythedaybeforeyesterdaylastweek/year/monthonceuponatimeonedaythenextdayin2016…连用lbe动词的一般过去时I/He/She/ItwasWe/You/TheywereTherewas+单数名词或不可数名词Therewere+复数名词eg Onceuponatimetherewasaboy.讲故事常用说法2行为动词的一般过去时助动词用diddidnt
①一般动词变化构成法
1.动词原形+ed.如look—looked.以e结尾的词+d.^P live-lived.以辅音字母+y结尾的词,改y为i再加ed.如study—studiedcry—cried..以重读闭音节或r音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的词双写这个辅音字母再加ed.如clap-clappedstop-stoppedprefer—preferred
②不规则动词变化如hadsaidputsawgotranJearnt^式写法boughtcametookwent等egl:Theanimalshadaconcertlastweek.eg2:Thenextdaytheboyrantothevillageagain.eg3:Whatdidheplayyesterdayeg4:WhendidyougetuplastSundayIgotupat8oclock..一般将来时表示还没有发生但将要发生的事情或动作常与tomorrowthedayaftertomorrownextyear/month/weeksoonJnthefuturein...minutes/hours/days..•连用lBegoingto+动词原形多表示即将发生,最近打算、计划、安排好要做的事情,主观性较强区分人称,be动词变化amisareeg:ShesgoingtovisitAustralia.2Will+动词原形多表示即将发生的动作或状态,不受主观因素影响的单纯的将来,客观性较强不区分人称,都用will***目前小学阶段对这两种形式区分并不明显,可以互换使用eg:WewillgotothezooonSunday.
5.现在进行时表示正在进行或发生的动作常与nowatpresentatthismoment连用Be动词+动词的现在分词***区分人称,注意动词的现在分词构成的特殊情况动词的现在分词构成法1一般规则动词+ing如work—working.2以e结尾的动词去掉e加ing.如live-livinghave—having.3以重读闭音节或i•音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,双写这个辅音字母,再加ing.如:swim—swimmingclap-clappingrefer—referring.4以ie结尾的重读开音节的词,改ie为y再加ing.如:die—dying.eg:1Whafshappeningnow2Darningismakingacardforhisfather.3Wearehavingaparty.
6.购物相关话题11wanttobuyapen.Itsexpensive/cheap.Itcostsonehundredandeighteenyuan.Whowantstobuyit
7.音乐演奏相关话题***演奏乐器前要加定冠词the11playedthepianoyesterday.2Youreplayingtheviolinforyourfather.3Mymumanddadplayedintheconcert.4Intheendeveryoneclapped.***注意玩球类运动不能加定冠词theeg:Iplayedfootballyesterday.
8.时间相关话题lWhatsthetimenow2Whattimeisitnow3Ifs2oclock.4Isitbreakfast/lunch/dinnertimenow5TheChinesecartoonShaolinKidsisonTVat8oclock..方向相关话题1Whereisthelibrary2Itsinthenorth/south/west/eastofChina.31wenttothenorth/south/west/east.4BeijingisthecapitalofChina..原因相关话题。