初中英语人教版八年级下册知识汇总（重点短语+重点句型）（分单元编排）

八年级英语下册知识汇总Unit1Whatsthematter【重点短语】haveafever发烧haveacough咳嗽haveatoothache牙疼talktoomuch说得太多drinkenoughwater喝足够的水haveacold受凉；感冒haveastomachache胃疼haveasoreback背疼haveasorethroat喉咙痛liedownandrest躺下来休息hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的热茶seeadentist看牙医getanX-ray拍X光片takeonestemperature量体温putsomemedicineonsth.在・••上面敷药feelveryhot感到很热soundlike听起来像allweekend整个周末inthesameway以同样的方式gotoadoctor看医生goalong沿着走onthesideoftheroad在马路边shoutforhelp大声呼救withoutthinkingtwice没有多想getoff下车haveaheartproblem有/

1、脏病toonessurprise使惊讶的thanksto多亏了；由于intime及时savealife挽救生命getintotrouble造成麻烦rightaway立刻；马上becauseof由于getoutof离开；从出来hurtoneself受伤putabandageonsth.用绷带包扎falldown摔倒feelsick感到恶心haveanosebleed流鼻血cuthisknee割伤他的膝盖putherheadback把她的头向后仰haveproblemsbreathing呼吸困难mountainclimbing登山运动afewweeksago几个星期前themarksofanothermansfeet另一个人的脚印notlongafterthat不久之后runtowardssp.跑向某地use...todosth.用来做某事signsleftbehindbysomeone某人留下的标记readthenewspaper看报sciencefiction科幻小说cantwaittodosth.迫不及待地做某事agoodwaytowakeup醒来的一个好办法numberofpeople人数usedtodosth.（过去）常常做某事studyabroad在国外学习makesb.dosth.使某人做某事cometorealize开始意识到eversincethen自从那时起thesouthernstatesofAmerica美国的南部地区belongto属于bekindtoeachother善待彼此trustoneanother互相信任thebeautyofnature大自然的美havebeentosp.去过某地dosomeresearchonsth.对做研究hopetodosth.希望做某事seesb.dosth.看到某人做某事thefirstlineinthesong歌曲的第一行enjoysuccessin享受的成功attheendofthe【重点句型】Haveyou***..yet一HaveyoureadLittleWomenyet你读过《小妇人》吗？—YesIhave./NoIhavent.是的，我读过/不，我没有Has...yet一HasTinareadTreasureIslandyet蒂娜读过《金银岛》这本书吗？一Yesshehas.Shethinksitsfantastic.是的，她读过她觉得它很棒Wouldyoulike...Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink你要来点喝的吗？

4.Iheard...Iheardyoulostyourkey.我听说你丢钥匙了

5....cametorealizehowmuch...Shecametorealizehowmuchsheactuallymissedallofthem.她开始意识到，事实上她是多么想念他们所有的人Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum【重点短语】atnight在夜晚inamorenaturalenvironment在一个更加自然的环境中allyearround一年至!］头；终年befarfrom离远inthedark在黑暗中inthepast在过去havebeentosp.去过某地sciencemuseum科学博物馆historymuseum历史博物馆amusementpark游乐园gosomewheredifferent去不同的地方goskating去滑冰takethesubway坐地铁agreatwaytospendaSaturdayafternoon——个过周六下午的好方法alltheoldmoviecameras所有的古老的电影摄影机learnaboutsth.解有关的情况ontheweekend在周末campinthemountains在大山里露营putupatent搭帐篷insucharapidway以如此迅猛的方式differentkindsof各种各样的developmentoftoilets厕所的发展socialgroups社会团体theteaartperformances茶艺表演makeaperfectcupofteawithbeautifulteasets用漂亮的茶具沏一杯完美的茶aniceplacetoenjoytea一个品茶的好地方thousandsof数以千计的InternationalMuseumofToilets国际厕所博物馆theTerracottaArmy兵马俑SoutheastAsia东南亚NightSafari夜间动物园threequarters四分之三anEnglish-speakingcountry一个讲英语的国家haveproblemdoingsth.做某事很困难duringthedaytime在白天acoupleoftimes好几次rightnow现在；目前anamusementparkwithaspecialtheme一个有特别的主题的游乐园walkaroundthepark在公园里到处走hearof听说takearide兜风anotherprovince另一个省theBirdsNest鸟巢encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事ontheonehand...ontheotherhand.一方面另一方面【重点句型】Haveyoueverbeento...Haveyoueverbeentoasciencemuseum你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？Lets•・・Letsgosomewheredifferenttoday.我们今天去个不同的地方吧Its+adj.+that...Itsunbelievablethattechnologyhasprogressedinsucharapidway!科技以如此迅猛的方式发展真是令人难以置信啊！Whether...you

11.・WhetheryoulikeIndianfoodWesternfoodorJapanesefoodyou11finditallinSingapore!不管你喜欢印度食品、西方食品还是日本食品，在新加坡你都能找到！Onegreatthing...isthat..OnegreatthingaboutSingaporeisthatthetemperatureisalmostthesameallyearround.新加坡一个很大的特征是它的气温几乎一年到头都是一样的Itisbesttodosth..Itisbesttovisitthezoointheevening最好在晚上参观这个动物园Unit10IJvehadthisbikeforthreeyears.【重点短语】thesedays目前；现在regardwithgreatinterest以极大的兴趣关注着inorderto为了sofar迄今；到现在为止inneed需要not..anymore不再welcometosp_欢迎来到…:checkout察看;观察boardgames棋类游戏onelastthing最后一样东西juniorhighschool初级中学clearout清理nolonger不再；不复toymonkey玩具猴partwith与分开tobehonest说实在的rideabike骑自行车haveayardsale进行庭院拍卖会onesoldthings某人的旧东西bringbacksweetmemories勾起甜美的回忆giveaway捐赠playforawhile玩一会儿dowith...处置；处理searchforwork找工作forthelast13years在过去的13年里themid-20thcentury20世纪中期staythesame保持原状accordingto依据；按照inonesopinion依看inmytime在我那个年代【重点句型】Howlonghaveyou...Howlonghaveyouhadthatbikeoverthere那边的那辆自行车你买了多久了？sb.has/havedonesth.for+时间段Amyhashadherfavoritebookforthreeyears.艾米拥有她最喜欢的书3年了sb.has/havedonesth.since.+时I可，有Hesowneditsincehisfourthbirthday.自他4岁生日起，他拥有这个东西了Some…Others...一些…其他的…Somepeoplestillliveintheirhometown.Howeverothersmayonlyseeitonceortwiceayear.有些人仍然住在家乡然而，另一些人可能一年只能回家乡一两次AsformeIdidnotwanttogiveupmyfootballshirts.ButtobehonestIhavenotplayedforawhilenow.至于我，我不想放弃我的足球衣但是，说实在的，我现在巳经有一段时间没有踢（足球）了Haveyoueverthoughtabouthavingayardsaletosellyourthings你是否曾经想过要举办一个庭院拍卖会来出售东西？Whatwouldyoudowiththemoneyyouraise你会怎么处理你所筹集到的钱？beusedtodoingsth.习惯做某事runout（of）用完；用尽sothat以便so...that如此以至于…beincontrolof掌管；管理inadifficultsituation在闲境中keepondoingsth.继续或坚持做某事makeadecision做出决定takerisks冒险giveup放【重点句型】WhatsthematterWhatsthematterwithyou=Whatsthetroublewithyou=Whatswrongwithyou你怎么了？Whatshouldshedo她该怎么办呢？ShouldItakemytemperature我应该量一下体温吗？主语+should/shouldnt+动词原形.・・

①Youshouldliedownandrest.你应该躺下休息一会儿

②Youshouldntgooutatnight.你晚上不应该出去Doyouthinkitcomesfromanewspaperorabook你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢？IthinkIsatinthesamewayfortoolongwithoutmoving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了ShesaidthatthemanhadaheartproblemandshouldgotothehospitaloUnit2I11helptocleanupthecityparks.【重点短语】Clean-UpDay清洁日anoldpeopleshome养老院helpoutwithsth.帮助解决困难usedto曾经…过去一carefor关心；照顾thelookofjoy快乐的表情attheageof在岁时cleanup打扫（或清除）干净cheerup（使）变得更高兴;振雀giveout分发；散发comeupwith想出；提出makeaplan制订计划makesomenotices做些公告牌tryout试用；试行workfor为…工作;为….效力putup建造;举起；张贴handout分发;散发;发给callup打电话；召集putoff推迟；延迟forexample比如；例如raisemoney筹钱；募捐takeafter与相像；像giveaway赠送；捐赠fixup修理;修补;解决besimilarto与相似setup建立；设立disabledpeople残疾人makeadifference影响；有作用beableto能够inanafter-schoolreadingprogram在一个课外阅读项目中【重点句型】Theboycouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbank.这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物Clean-UpDayisonlytwoweeksfromnow.清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间HevolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning.每周六上午，他都在一家动物医院当志愿者Lastyearshedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔...youcanseeintheireyesthattheyregoingonadifferentjourneywitheachnewbook.……从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅Iwanttoputoffmyplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天Mostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobstomakelotsofmoney.现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom【重点短语】gooutfordinner出去吃饭stayoutlate在外面待到很晚gotothemovies去看电影getaride搭车workon从事finishdoingsth.完成做某事cleanandtidy干净整洁dothedishes洗餐具takeouttherubbish倒垃圾foldyour/theclothes叠衣服sweepthefloor扫土也makeyour/thebed整理床铺cleanthelivingroom打扫客厅noproblem没问题welcomesb.欢迎某人comehomefromschool/work放学/下班回家throwdown扔下sitdown坐下comeover过来takesb.forawalk带某人去散步allthetime一直；总是allday/evening整日/夜dohousework做家务shoutback大声回应walkaway走开sharethehousework分担家务acomfortablehome一个舒适的家insurprise惊讶地getsomethingtodrink拿点喝的东西watchoneshow观看一个节目hangout闲逛passsb.sth.把某物传给某人lendsb.sth.把某物借给某人getsth.wet使某物弄湿hatetodosth.讨厌做某事dochores做杂务helpsb.todo/withsth•帮助某人干事bringatent带顶帐篷来buysomesnacks买些小吃gotothestore去商店invitesb.toaparty邀请某人参加聚会makesb.dosth.使某人做某事enoughstress足够的压力awasteoftime浪费时间inorderto为了getgoodgrades取得好成绩minddoingsth.介意做某事dependon依赖;依靠developcchildrensindependence发展孩子的独立性lookafter/takecareof照顾；照看doonespartindoingsth.做某人分内的【重点句型】Couldyouplease---..dosth.Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom你能整理一下你的房间吗？Ihavetodosomework.我必须干些活Could1+dosth.CouldIuseyourcomputer我可以用一下你的电脑吗？Shewontbehappyifsheseesthismess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的ForoneweekshedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样MymomcameoverassoonasIsatdowninfrontoftheTV.我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了hate+todo/doingsth.Ihatetodochores.我讨厌做杂务Unit4Whydontyoutalktoyourparents【重点短语】havefreetime有空闲时间allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事hangoutwithsb.与某人闲逛after-schoolclasses课夕卜;舌动课getintoafightwithsb与某人吵架/打架untilmidnight直到半夜talktosb.与某人交谈toomany太多studytoomuch学得过多getenoughsleep有足够的睡眠writesb.aletter给某人写信callsb.up打电话给某人surprisesb.令某人惊讶lookthrough翻看beangrywithsb.生某人的气abigdeal重要的事workout成功地发展;解决getonwith与…和睦相处；关系良fightalot经常吵架/打架hangover笼罩refusetodosth.拒绝做某事offertodosth.主动提出做某事sothat以便mindsb.doingsth.介意某人做某事allthetime一直infuture今后makesb.angry使某人生气worryaboutsth.担心某事copyoneshomework抄袭某人的作业beoneself做自己familymembersspendtimealone独自消磨时光givesb.pressure给某人施压haveafightwithsb.与某人吵架competewithsb.与某人竞争freetimeactivities业余活动getbettergrades取得更好的成绩giveonesopinion提出某人的观点learnexamskills学习应试技巧practicesports体育训练causestress造成压力cutout删除【重点句型】IstudieduntilmidnightlastnightsoIdidntgetenoughsleep.我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足Whydontyouforgetaboutit你为什么不忘掉它呢？Althoughsheswrongitsnotabigdeal.虽然她错了，但这并不是什么大事儿Heshouldtalktohisfriendsothathecansayhessorry.他应该跟朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起Maybeyoucouldgotohishouse.也许你可以去他家IguessIcouldbutIdontwanttosurprisehim.我想我可以.但我不想让他感到惊讶Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame【重点短语】makesure确信；确认beatagainst...拍打fallasleep进入梦乡；睡着diedown逐渐变弱；逐渐消失wakeup醒来inamess一团糟break...apart使分离intimesofdifficulty在困难的时候atthetimeof当时候gooff（闹钟）发出响声takeahotshower洗热水澡missthebus错过公交车pickup接电话bring...together使靠拢inthearea在这个地区misstheevent错过这个事件bythesideoftheroad在路边theAnimalHelpline动物保护热线walkby走路经过makeoneswayto…在某人去的路上hearthenews听到这个消息importanteventsinhistory历史上的重大事件forexample例如bekilled被杀害over5050多（岁）aschoolpupil一个小学生ontheradio通过广播insilence沉默；无声morerecently最近地；新近theWorldTradeCenter世贸中心takedown拆除；摧毁havemeaningto对有意义rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事atfirst首先；最初【重点句型】一Whatwereyoudoingateightlastnight昨晚8点你在干什么？一Iwastakingashower.我在洗淋浴WhenitbegantorainBenwashelpinghismommakedinner.当开始下雨的时候，本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭一WhatwasJennydoingwhileLindawassleeping琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在干什么？一WhileLindawassleepingJennywashelpingMarywithherhomework.琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业Unit6Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains.【重点短语】workondoingsth.致力于做某事assoonas就・・・・...onceuponatime从前continuetodosth.继续做某事makesth.happen使某事发生trytodosth试图做某事thejourneytosp之旅tellthe/astory讲故事puton穿上alittlebit有点儿keepdoingsth坚持做某事giveup放弃insteadof代替；反而turn.・.into变成getmarried结婚themaincharacter主要人物；主人公atothertimes在另外一些时候beableto能;会comeout（书、电影等）出版becomeinterestedin…对感兴趣walktotheotherside走到另一边去afairytale一个神话故事therestofthestory故事的其余部分leavesb.todosth.让某人做某事makeaplantodosth.筹划/计划做某事gotosleep去睡觉leadsb.tosp.把某人领到某地getlost迷路changeonesplan改变计划tellsb.todosth.叫某人做某事inthemoonlight在月光下findoneswayhome找到某人回家的路thenextday第二天sendsb.tosp.派某人去某地【重点句型】

1.Whatdoyouthinkabout/of...SowhatdoyouthinkaboutthestoryofYuGong你觉得愚公的故事怎么样？tdoesntseemadj.todosthItdoesntseemverypossibletomoveamountain.把一座山给移掉好像不太可能.Thisisbecause...Thisisbecausehecanmake72changestohisshapeandsizeturninghimselfintodifferentanimalsandobjects.这是因为他会根据他的形状和大小，做出72种变化，可以将自己变成不同的动物或东西.•••so…that+从句Sometimeshecanmakethesticksosmallthathecankeepitinhisear.有时候，他能够让他的金箍棒变得很小，以至于可以放在耳朵里ttakesb.sometimetodosthBecausetheyweresobigthatittookalongtimetowalktotheotherside.这些（山）太高了，他们要花好长时间才能翻越过去

6.•・・not....until十从句Donteatituntilyougettotheforest.你们到达森林之后才能吃Unit7Whatsthehighestmountainintheworld【重点短语】asbigas与——样大oneoftheoldestcountries最古老的国家之——feelfreetodosth.随意地做某事asfarasIknow据我所知man-madeobjects人造物体partof的组成部分thehighestmountain最高的山脉intheworld在世界上anyothermountain其他任何一座山ofallthesaltlakes在所有的咸水湖中runalong跨越freezingweather冰冻的天气takeinair呼吸空气thefirstpeopletodosth.第一个做・..的人inthefaceofdifficulties面临危险giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事achieveonesdream实现某人的梦想theforcesofnature自然界的力量reachthetop到达顶峰eventhough虽然；尽管atbirth在出生的时候beawake醒着runoverwithexcitement兴奋地跑过去cutdowntheforests砍伐林木endangeredanimals濒危动物fewerandfewerpandas大熊猫越来越少beindanger处于危险之中theimportanceofsavingtheseanimals拯救这些动物的重要性【重点句型】

1.Itis-、〜adj・+forsb.todosth.Itisalsoveryhardtotakeinairasyougetnearthetop.当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难.isbecause...Oneofthemainreasonsisbecausepeoplewanttochallengethemselvesinthefaceofdifficulties.其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己...showsthat...Thespiritoftheseclimbersshowsusthatweshouldnevergiveuptryingtoachieveourdreams.这些登山者的精神向我们证明我们永远都不应该放弃实现自己的梦想Howhigh/deep/...is...HowhighisQomolangma珠穆朗玛峰有多高？Although.”•••AlthoughJapanisolderthanCanadaitismuchsmaller.虽然日本比加拿大有更悠久的历史，但是日本比加拿大小多了sb.spendtime/moneydoingsth.Adultpandasspendmorethan12hoursadayeatingabout10kilosofbamboo.成年大熊猫一天要花12个多小时的时间吃大约10公斤的竹子Unit8HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet【重点短语】onpage25在第25页thebackofthebook书的背面hurryup赶快；匆忙intwoweeks在两周之内goouttosea出海anislandfulloftreasures一个满是宝藏的岛屿writeabout写作关于的内容finishdoingsth.做完某事waitforanothership等待另一艘船到来learntodosth.学会做某事growfruitsandvegetables种水果和蔬菜。