2023年中考英语阅读理解专题复习

2023中考英语阅读理解专题复习要领〔回归原文定位〔一〕中考阅读理解的考查方式.五大题型

1、主旨题要求在理解全文后归纳短文大意，概括中心思想或选择短文的标题

2、细节题即平时我们所说的Wwhowhatwherewhenwhy.Which和“H〃how问题

3、词意题主要测试考生是否理解了文章的词义，一般情况下，正确答案就是对所询问的词，词组或句子的复述或解释

4、推断题主要测试考生利用文章所给的信息进行推理判断的能力一般是根据文章的有关事实，对作者意图，态度以及作者言外之意，进行符合逻辑的推理判断

5、观点态度题这一类考题大都要求考生就作者对论述对象持什么样的态度做出推断，如作者对所陈述的观点是赞同、反对，还是犹豫不定，对记述或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、冷漠，还是厌恶作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩不一定直接表述出来，而往往隐含在字里行间因此，进行这种推断时，我们既要依靠短文的主题思想作为推力的前提，又要注意作者的措辞，尤其是形容词一类的修饰语.具体形式11任务型阅读[2根据所读文章内容选择正确答案〔二中考阅读理解命题特点试题的选材贴近考生的生活，时代气息浓郁所选文章的体裁多样化记叙文，说议论文应用文，对话，图表，广告，小品等.题材具有广泛性涉及日常生活，社会，政治，经济，文化，科技，地理，历史，人物传记，风土人情，实用文体等.题量大，分值高.试题难度适中，符合大多数考生英语水平三中考阅读理解解题策略及方法L细节理解题严格按照三步走首先看题目，划出关键词区分不同选项；其次根据所划关键词回归原文定位;最后比对原文和选项，选出正确答案一般难句都是出题点，这是应注意文中的同位语，破折号，括号，省略号等设题方式WhichofthefollowingstatementistrueWhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetextTheauthororthepassagestatesthat.4Accordingtothepassagewhenwherewhyhowwhowhatwhichetc.解题秘诀回扣原文正确答案的特点与原文情节表达手法不同，但所表达的意思相同干扰选项的特点.是原文信息，但与题目要求不符；.符合常识，但不符合原文内容；.与原文情节极为相似，只是在程度上有些变动；.选项中所提供的信息局部正确，局部错误；.在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反

2.词义推理题我们可以利用阅读材料的信息、，结合上下文来判断其特定含义，或者根据句子的语法关系分析、挖掘其含义设题方式[1thewordInthepassageprobablymeans.⑵Theword・・・.isclosedinmeaningto.[3“・・・・couldbestbereplacedbywhichofthefollowing[4Inthestorytheunderlinedwordmeans⑸Hereit”means〔6〕Theexpression/phrase“・・・means[7Theunderlinedword“it〃inthepassagerefersto.解题秘诀通过词根词缀词缀推测生词的含义通过上下文推测生词的含义通过语法关系推测生词的含义

3.推理判断题考查短文中对作者意图或文章中人物观点的理解，以及能从短文内容中推断出结论和作者的弦外之音等对此耍求学生把握住两点一答案来源于原文，但不等同于原文；二是答案必须要忠实于原文，不能主观臆断常见的设问形式wecaninferfromthepassagethatWecanguessthewriterofthelettermaybeFromtheletterweJrelearnedthatitsvery⑷Fromthestorywecanguess[5Whatwouldbehappyif***ThewriterbelievesthatThewritersuggeststhat解题秘诀依据原文认真比拟选项以原文内容为前提，据作者的观点理论非考生观点，客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释如果选项中有两个或两个以上的选项都是成立的推理，那么选与原文主题最接近的答案

4.主旨大意题这类题是指那些针对文章的主要内容，主题，标题或写作目的所设的问题设题方式〔1〕What/sthepassagemainlyaboutWhatsthemainideaofthispassageWhatsthetopicofthisarticle⑷Whatsthebesttitleforthispassage[5Thepurposeofthispassageisto〔6〕ThearticlehasbeenwrittentoexplainWecanlearnfromWecaninferfromthispassage.解题秘诀抓主题句高频词，关键词A+关键词B+…不能太大；不能太小干扰项特点.以偏概全干扰项只阐述了文章的一局部内容，也就是文章的局部信息.断章取义干扰项常常以文章中的个别信息或个别字眼作为选项的设置内容，或者以次要的事实或细节冒充全文的主要观点.主题扩大干扰项所归纳、概括的范围过大，超过文章实际所讨论的内容.张冠李戴命题者有意地把属于A的特征放在B的身上，构成一个干扰项考生不注意的情况下，会造成错选答案.无中生有或似是而非有的干扰项中的关键词语好似在文章中谈到了，但认真分析之后你会发现这类干扰项的内容与文章的内容毫无联系.观点态度题设题方式Thewritersattitudetoward...is.Howdidthewriterfeel・・・作者在描述事实或传递信息时不管他的意图是什么，其观点和态度都不可防止地在文章中反映出来常见的涉及到作者态度的词有褒义类此approvingpositiveoptimisticfavorablesupportive贬义类词negativecriticalpessimistic和中性类止匕impartialobjectiveneutral不是解的选项indifferent漠不关心的subjective主观的unconcerned不关心的contemptuous轻蔑的hostile敌对的biased片面的阅读理解解题方法方法L顺序法即先看文章，然后看试题，再回到文章查找有关信息该法适合于解题时间充足，文章篇幅较长，需要获取的信息较多或需要对全篇进行整体理解的场合阅读时一般采取快速阅读法注意关键词句和段落，找准主线，掌握大意，并能记住主要细节的分布点

2.逆向法即先看试题，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对地对文章进行扫读，对相关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合，分析，比照有根据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案该法有较大的针对性和准确性适合于时间较紧，文章篇幅不长需要获取信息不多，试题与文章联系紧密，不需要做深层次的理解3标注法即在通读短文和试题后，标注中心句并与试题有关的词句，段标注相应的题号该法具有很大的针对性和稳妥性，便于对照分析和复查验证有些学生在阅读时喜欢在不认识的单词以及不理解的句子，段落下面划线或打上标记，这是一个不好的习惯，应以摒弃加快阅读速度技巧扩大视距要以意群为单位，注重对整句话的理解，扩大注视空间带问题阅读先浏览短文后面的题目，做到心中有数，带着目的去阅读，以提高阅读实效注意题目中否认词AEmmahasjustfinishedtravellingaloneinEurope.AreyouinterestedinherjourneyLetsreadsomeofhertraveldiaries.Emmawaslookingforwardtothistravelbecause.shehadnevertakenatrainridebeforeshecoulddoanythingshelikedonthejourneyshehopedtokeepherselfawayfromthebusylifeFromthepassagewecanknowSalzburgisagreatplacefor..enjoyingclassicalmusicbuyingchildrensbooksvisitinghistorymuseumsInAmsterdamsheclimbedthebeautifulmountainstraveledalongtheriverinaboatwrotesomepostcardsinherhotelShedidntneedtoworryabouthersafetyinCopenhagenbecause.therewasverylittlecrimetherethecitywasfulloffriendlypeopleshethoughtshewascarefulenough.BWhenIopenedmye-mailtheotherdayRachelaprettywomanappearedonmycomputerscreen.Shegreetedmebynameandstartedtalkinghappily.Sometimesshestoppedtosmileatmeorblowakiss.ItwascoolrightInfactshewasreadingtomeane-mailfrommybrotherJohn.RachelcouldbetherebecauseofanewtechnologycalledFacemailletsyousendinafunnyway.Byusingityoure-mailscanbereadtothereceiverbyanattractivepersonorbyaclown.Youcandownloadthesoftwareatwww.Facemailcomwithoutpaying.Facemailfacesarelivelyandtheycansimulatetheemotionsthatyouputinyoutext.ForexampletypeingandRachelblowsakiss.LifeFXthecompanythatdevelopedtheFacemailissuretherearewidebusinessuses.Whyise-businessnotsopopularnowOneofthereasonsisthatbuyingonlinehasnohumantouch.ButifyougototheNikewebsiteandthefamousbasketballstarMichaelJordangreetsyoubynameservesyouandpersonallyclosesthesalewontyoubehappyAlsoifmomcantbehomewhenkidsgetbackfromschoolshecanleaveanotewithavoiceandpictureonthescreentotellthemwhatthereistoeat.ItstruethatFacemailmakeslifeeasyandfunbutitshouldbeusedwithcare.Theclownlookslivelyandfunnyatfirst.Butifyouchoosetheclownputafewrudewordsinane-mailandaddsomeangryemotionsyouvegotaPsychomail.InfactwhoisRachelSheisaprettyactress.SheisJohnsgirlfriend.Sheisnotarealperson.WhatisthemainadvantageofFacemailYoudontneedtopayforit.E-mailcanbeattractiveinamorelovelyway.Youcanaskabeautifulwomantoreadthee-mailtoyou.WhatdoestheunderlinedexpressionclosesthesaleprobablymeanA.停止营业B.达成交易C.取消折扣WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassageA.Youshouldtchooseaclown.Facemailcanbewidelyusedinbusiness.MomcanshowherkidshowtocookbyFacemail.Whatisthewritersattitude〔态度）towardsFacemailHethinksitsadangertotheInternet.Hethinksitneedsfurtherimprovement.Hethinksitsacoolandfunnytechnology.CLetchildrenlearntojudge〔判断）theirownwork.Achilddoesntlearntotalkbybeingcorrectedallthetime.Ifheiscorrectedtoomuchhewillstoptalking.Henoticesathousandtimesadaythedifferencesbetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguageothersuse.Littlebylittlehemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeoples.Inthesamewaychildrenlearntodoalltheotherthingswithoutbeingtaught-towalkrunclimborrideabicycle.Theycomparetheirperformanceswiththoseofmoreskilledpeopleandslowlymakethechanges.Butinschoolwenevergiveachildachancetofindouthismistakesandcorrectthemhimself.Wedoitallforhim.Wethoughtthathewouldnevernoticeamistakeunlessitwaspointedouttohimtocorrectitunlesshehasmadeto.Soonhebecomesdependentontheteacher.Lethimworkoutwiththehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit.Ifitisamatterinmathorsciencegivehimtheanswerbook.Lethimcorrecthisownpapers.WhyshouldweteacherswastetimeonsuchdailyworkOurjobshouldbetohelpthechildrenwhentheytellusthathecantfindthewaytogettherightanswer.Letthechildrenlearnwhatalleducatedpersonsmustlearnhowtomeasure〔估量）theirownunderstandinghowtoknowwhattheyknowordonotknow.canofferhelpiftheyaskforit.Someparentsandteachersareworriedthatthechildrenmightfailtolearnsomethingthattheywillneedtogetintheworld.Dontworryllfitisimportanttheywillgooutintotheworldandlearnit.Accordingtothepassagethebestwayforchildrentolearnthingsisby.beingalwayscorrectedfollowingadultsadvicedoingasotherpeopledoThewriterthinksteachersinschoolshould.encouragestudentstolearnfromeachotherteachstudentshowtogettheanswersdirectlytellstudentswhatiswrongasoftenaspossibleTheunderlinedsentenceinthethirdparagraphmeans.teacherscantcorrectstudentspapersteachersneedntwastetimeteachingstudentsinclassteachersshouldhelpstudentsimprovetheirlearningability

54.Wecaninfer（推断）thatfromthepassage.studentscanfaceanychallengeeasilystudentscanlearnalotinthereallifestudentscangrowupwithoutothershelp

55.Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe.LetUsTeachersStopWorkingLetChildrenLearnbyThemselvesLetParentsUnderstandTheirKids.vn阅读理解

（二）（每题io分，共20分）根据短文内容，从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.ARecentlyaverysimplequestionbecamewidelyspreadonline whatChinashouldbeproudof[61）LanlanwhoserealnameisNegarKordiisfromCanada.ShecametoChinafiveyearsagoandisastudentatNingboUniversity.Nowshehas120OOOfansontheInternetandthenumberisstillgrowing.LanlanlovesChinaandChinese.（62]AndthatswhysheissowellreceivedamongChinesenetfriends.Thefollowingischinainhereyes.Itistheeasiestcountryinwhichtofindajob.IfyouarenottoolazyitisreallyverysimpletofindajobinChina.Ibelievethereremorejobchancesherethaninanyothercountryinthewold.”（63]About400millionChinesearestudyingEnglish.IftheycanspeakgoodEnglishinthefutureChinawillhavethegreatestnumberofEnglishspeakersofanynon-Englishspeakingcountry.ThespeedofChinesetrainsisfast.FromNingbotoBeijingthetrainruns1365kilometersforsevenhoursandtheticketfareisonly595yuan.Itspublicsecurityisgreat.

（64）IhavetravelledinmanycountriesandIthinkChinareallyisverysafe.TherearemuchmorethingsChinashouldbeproudof.ManyChinesepeopleoftencriticizeG比评）China.AtfirstIbelievedthattheydidntlikechinaorthattheylovedwesterncountries.ButlaterIrealizedthattheyjustsetaveryhighstandardforChina.[65）Chinamustbemuchbetterthanothercountries.”A.Theforeignlanguagelevelissurprising.Thiscountryof

1.4billionpeoplemakesmefeelsafe.Aforeigngirllivinginchinagaveaverytouchinganswer.Theybelievethatit*snotenoughtobenumberoneintheworld.Shebelieveschinawillbethestrongestcountryintheworldinfuture.B阅读下面图文，简要答复所给问题，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上.Accordingtonewresearchrecentlysometerribleeventsthatteacherswereabused〔辱骂）onsomewebsitesbystudentshappenedintheUK.Ithadabadinfluenceonschoolsandthesociety.TheBritishleachingUniondidasurveyof7500teachers.Wecangetsomeinformationfromthefollowingdata〔数据）andknowhowtheteacherswhowereabuseddealtwiththeproblem.Youknowteachersareoftendestroyedbytheterribleabuse.Somehavelosttheirconfidencetoteachandhaveleftschool.Thesurveyshowedmanyofthebadcommentsrelatedtoteacherslooksabilitiesandbehaviors.Wevegotanotherdatafromit.ItSHOWSthebadcommentsweremadebynotonlystudentsbuttheirparents.Pleaselookatthefollowingchart.Itisclearthatweshouldtakesomemethodstoprotectteachersfromtheabuse.Wethinkthatthewaytosolvetheproblemisthebetterunderstandingamongteachersstudentsandparents.Besidesgoodcommunicationrespecting[尊敬）eachotherisveryimportant.Ifsotheycangetonwellwitheachother.WhatresultdidtheseterribleeventsleadtoaccordingtothepassageFromChartOnehowdid50%oftheteachersdealwiththeabuseWhatpercentofthebadcommentsweremadebyparentsintotal

69.Whatisthewaytosolvetheabuseproblemaccordingtothepassage

70.Afterreadingthepassagewhatdoyouthinkofthiskindofsocialphenomenon〔现象〕？vm.词语运用〔每题io分，共io分〕请根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文意思通顺、正确、连贯，并将答案填写到答题卡相应的位置上.方框中有两个词是多余项.ImaketeachafterlargecontroltryleafsmallquietbeforewithoutAsachildIgotangryquiteeasilyandwasnotgoodatcommunicatingwithothers.Istillrememberitwasanearlyautumn.Some

（71）startedtoturnyellowandweatherbecamecool.OnedayasIwasgettingreadyforschoolmymothercarelesslyhandedmemyfathersvest[背insteadof（72kAtthattimeIwasgettingtohaveaf73）sizethanmyfathersowhenIputonthevestIfeltasifIwasntabletobreatheilrealizedthatitwasasmallmistakewhich

（74）bymymotherbutsomehowthebreathlessfeelingwassostrongthatitmademeveryangry.MymothersaidsorrywithasmilebutIshoutedather

（75）thinkingmuchIgotitoffmybodysowildlythatImadeaholeinit.Iputonmyownvestandrushedoutofthehouse（76〕mymothercouldstopme.LatermymothersharedherbadfeelingswithmyfatherSeewhatyoursonhasdone.Insteadofscold（责备）orbeatmemyfather

（77）askedmymothertomendthevest.LaterwhenmymothertoldmeaboutmyfathersresponseIfeltashamed（惭愧的）ofmybadbehavior.Myfathersgentlekindness[78）mealessonwhichIwouldneverforget.OnthatdayIdecidednottoletangerf79）meanylonger.OfcoursetherearetimeswhenIamangry.HoweverwheneverthathappensI

（80）toremembermyfathersvest.ItalwaysremindsmetothinkaboutothersfeelingswhenIgetangry.。